通过使用 Class 和私有数据成员重载 + 运算符来添加分数

Question

首先，这是一项家庭作业。我只是需要一些帮助解决与 Fraction operator+() 函数相关的问题。它应该将函数 BinarayMathTest 中的数组中的两个分数加在一起，但 Fraction::operator+() 函数仅 returns 分母。

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;



class Fraction
{
    private:
    int num,denom;
    public:

    Fraction operator + (const Fraction &right)const;

    friend ostream&operator<<(ostream&stream,Fraction obj);
    Fraction(int a=0,int b=1){num=a; denom=b;}

};

ostream&operator<<(ostream&stream,Fraction obj)
{
    stream<<obj.num<<'/';
   stream<<obj.denom;
   return stream;
}

Fraction Fraction::operator+(const Fraction &right)const
{
    Fraction temp;
    Fraction tempo;
    Fraction full;
    temp.num = ((num*right.denom) + (right.num*denom));
    tempo.denom =(denom*right.denom);
    full = (temp,tempo);
    return full;
}


void BinaryMathTest();


int main()
{

    BinaryMathTest();

    return 0;
}



void BinaryMathTest()
{
    cout << "\n----- Testing binary arithmetic between Fractions\n";

    const Fraction fr[] = {Fraction(1, 6), Fraction(1,3),
                       Fraction(-2,3), Fraction(5), Fraction(-4,3)};

    for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
          cout << fr[i] << " + " << fr[i+1] << " = " << fr[i] + fr[i+1]
<<endl;}}



/* OUTPUT
----- Testing binary arithmetic between Fractions
1/6 + 1/3 = 0/18
1/3 + -2/3 = 0/9
-2/3 + 5/1 = 0/3
5/1 + -4/3 = 0/3
*/

Answer 1

Fraction::operator+() function only returns the denominator.

让我们跟随该函数中的代码行，看看会发生什么。

Fraction temp;  // Creates an object with num = 0, denom = 1
Fraction tempo; //    ditto
Fraction full;  //    ditoo

temp.num = ((num*right.denom) + (right.num*denom)); // Sets the num of temp

tempo.denom =(denom*right.denom);  // Sets the denom of tempo

我觉得你不知道下一行会发生什么。

full = (temp,tempo);

该行的 RHS 是一个使用 comma operator.

的表达式

它评估 temp 并丢弃该值。它评估 tempo 并将其分配给 full。在该行之后，full 只有分母，因为 tempo 的分子从未从 0 改变。

// Returns an object whose numerator is zero.
return full;

您可以将该函数简化为：

Fraction Fraction::operator+(const Fraction &right)const
{
   int num = ((num*right.denom) + (right.num*denom));
   int denom = (denom*right.denom);

   return Fraction(num, denom);
}

在上述实现中需要注意的一点是，如果您不断添加 Fraction 个对象，它会快速增加 num 和 denom 的值。您可以 delay/prevent 整数溢出，您必须将 num 和 denom 除以它们的 GCD.

来减小它们的值

Fraction Fraction::operator+(const Fraction &right)const
{
   int num = ((num*right.denom) + (right.num*denom));
   int denom = (denom*right.denom);
   int gcd = get_gcd(num, denom);

   return Fraction(num/gcd, denom/gcd);
}

Answer 2

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

class Fraction
{
    private:
    int num,denom;
    float full;
    public:

    Fraction operator + (const Fraction &right)const;

    friend ostream&operator<<(ostream&stream,Fraction obj);
    Fraction(int a=0,int b=1){num=a; denom=b;}

};

ostream&operator<<(ostream&stream,Fraction obj)
{
    stream<<obj.num<<'/';
   stream<<obj.denom;
   return stream;
}

Fraction Fraction::operator+(const Fraction &right)const
{
    Fraction temp;

    temp.num = ((num*right.denom) + (right.num*denom));
    temp.denom =(denom*right.denom);
    Fraction full(temp.num,temp.denom); /*objet of class cannot give call to constructor by using = unless it is overloaded*/

    return full;
}


void BinaryMathTest();


int main()
{

    BinaryMathTest();

    return 0;
}



void BinaryMathTest()
{
    cout << "\n----- Testing binary arithmetic between Fractions\n";

    const Fraction fr[] = {Fraction(1, 6), Fraction(1,3),
                       Fraction(-2,3), Fraction(5), Fraction(-4,3)};

    for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
          cout << fr[i] << " + " << fr[i+1] << " = " << fr[i] + fr[i+1]
<<endl;}}

通过使用 Class 和私有数据成员重载 + 运算符来添加分数

Adding fractions by overloading + operator using Class with Private Data Members

c++

class

operator-overloading

private-members

fractions