排除 AspectJ 中的注释方法

Exclude annotated methods in AspectJ

你好我想排除注释方法这里是代码。

@Aspect
public class ExceptionHandlingAspect {
    private static final String TAG = ExceptionHandlingAspect.class.getName();

   @Pointcut("execution(* android.mobile.peakgames.net.aspectjandroid.AspectActivity.*(..)) " +
        "&& !@annotation(android.mobile.peakgames.net.aspectjandroid.exception.NoTryCatch)")
   public void exceptionEntryPoint() {
   }

    @AfterThrowing(pointcut = "exceptionEntryPoint()", throwing = "throwable")
    public void exceptionMethod(JoinPoint joinPoint, Throwable throwable) {
        Log.e(TAG, "Exception caught : " + throwable + " on method : " + joinPoint.getSignature());
        if (joinPoint.getTarget() instanceof Activity) {
            if (throwable instanceof AuthenticationException) {
                new AlertDialog.Builder((Context) joinPoint.getTarget())
                        .setTitle("Authentication Error")
                        .setMessage("You are not authenticated")
                        .show();
            } else {
                new AlertDialog.Builder((Context) joinPoint.getTarget())
                        .setTitle("Error")
                        .setMessage("Error occurred at : " + joinPoint.getSignature() + " " +
                                "Exception : " + throwable)
                        .show();
            }
        }
    }

    @Around(value = "exceptionEntryPoint()")
    public Object exceptionAroundMethod(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) {
        try {
            return joinPoint.proceed();
        } catch (Throwable ignored) {
        }
        return null;
    }
}

排除任何用 NoTryCatch

注释的方法

上面的代码确实排除了用 NoTryCatch 注释的方法,但是当这个方法被异常调用时,它会停止执行下一个方法。例如

@NoTryCatch
void test(){throws NullPointor..}

现在我按顺序调用方法

test()
test1()

test1() 没有 运行.

如果我删除 !@annotation(android.mobile.peakgames.net.aspectjandroid.exception.NoTryCatch) test1() 运行s

当然 test1() 不会 运行 如果您忽略 test() 中抛出的异常,即让它升级。由于未处理的异常,永远不会调用 next 方法。我认为这正是您设计的方面。为什么你期待不同的行为?如果您确实有其他期望,那么请在评论中描述它,我可以在我的答案编辑中向您展示如何去做。


OP评论后更新:

嗯,你这里有一个home-made问题:如果方法void caller()调用@NoTryCatch void callee(),当然callee()中的异常不会被处理,就像设计的。相反,它会升级到未注释的 caller(),因此方面将在那里处理它。调用者如何知道被调用者中的某个方面忽略了异常?或者就此而言,方面如何知道?将控制权返回给调用者时,被调用者的控制流已经结束。

这个异常处理的概念至少是棘手的。我什至认为它有问题,因为调用链的 inner-most 元素决定了所有外部元素都应该忽略异常。通常异常处理只是以另一种方式工作。调用者决定如何处理被调用者抛出的异常,而不是被调用者本身。所以我建议你改变一下你对异常处理的想法和观念。

说了这么多,我会用一点点 MCVE 向你展示我所说的在你的应用程序中确实发生了。因为我不是 Android 开发人员并且希望在任何 Java SE 机器上将其 运行,所以我模拟了 Android API 的相关部分,如下所示mock-ups:

Android API mock-ups:

package android.content;

public class Context {}
package android.app;

import android.content.Context;

public class Activity extends Context {}

这个通过登录到控制台来模拟警报对话框。

package android.app;

import android.content.Context;

public class AlertDialog {
  public AlertDialog() {}

  public static class Builder {
    private String title;
    private String message;

    public Builder(Context target) {}

    public Builder setTitle(String title) {
      this.title = title;
      return this;
    }

    public Builder setMessage(String message) {
      this.message = message;
      return this;
    }

    public void show() {
      System.out.println("ALERT DIALOG: " + title + " -> " + message);
    }
  }
}
package org.apache.http.auth;

public class AuthenticationException extends Exception {
  private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

  public AuthenticationException(String message) {
    super(message);
  }
}

标记注释:

package android.mobile.peakgames.net.aspectjandroid.exception;

import static java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME;

import java.lang.annotation.Retention;

@Retention(RUNTIME)
public @interface NoTryCatch {}

驱动申请:

package android.mobile.peakgames.net.aspectjandroid;

import org.apache.http.auth.AuthenticationException;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.mobile.peakgames.net.aspectjandroid.exception.NoTryCatch;

public class AspectActivity extends Activity {
  public String doSomething() {
    System.out.println("Doing something");
    return "something";
  }

  @NoTryCatch
  public String doSomethingElse() {
    System.out.println("Doing something else");
    throw new RuntimeException("oops");
  }

  public String doSomethingFancy() throws AuthenticationException {
    System.out.println("Doing something fancy");
    throw new AuthenticationException("uh-oh");
  }

  public void run() throws AuthenticationException {
    doSomething();
    doSomethingElse();
    doSomethingFancy();
  }

  public static void main(String[] args) throws AuthenticationException {
    new AspectActivity().run();
  }
}

OP的方面,略微优化:

基本上这正是您的方面,并进行了一些优化:

  • 您将错误处理逻辑拆分为两个建议,一个 "around" 和一个 "after throwing"。这使得遵循实际的控制流有点困难,因为在一个建议中你记录了错误,只是为了稍后捕获并忽略另一个建议中的相同错误。因此,我决定将日志记录拉到 "around" 建议的 "catch" 块中,使发生的事情更清楚。
  • 您的原始切入点仅针对 class AspectActivity 中的方法。因此,很明显,连接点的目标始终是 Activity,因此始终是 Context。将 target() 绑定到建议参数更清晰,更 type-safe 并且可以摆脱丑陋的转换和 instanceof.
  • 我将你的切入点分成两部分,因为我们可以在稍后的迭代 2 中re-use 它们,见下文。
package de.scrum_master.aspect;

import org.apache.http.auth.AuthenticationException;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;

import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.AlertDialog.Builder;
import android.mobile.peakgames.net.aspectjandroid.AspectActivity;
import android.util.Log;

@Aspect
public class ExceptionHandlingAspect {
  private static final String TAG = ExceptionHandlingAspect.class.getName();

  @Pointcut("execution(* *(..)) && target(activity)")
  public void methodsOfInterest(AspectActivity activity) {}

  @Pointcut("@annotation(android.mobile.peakgames.net.aspectjandroid.exception.NoTryCatch)")
  public void annotationNoTryCatch() {}

  @Around("methodsOfInterest(activity) && !annotationNoTryCatch()")
  public Object exceptionAroundMethod(ProceedingJoinPoint thisJoinPoint, AspectActivity activity) {
    try {
      return thisJoinPoint.proceed();
    } catch (Throwable throwable) {
      String errorMessage = "Error " + throwable + " in method " + thisJoinPoint.getSignature();
      Log.e(TAG, errorMessage);
      Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(activity);
      if (throwable instanceof AuthenticationException)
        builder.setTitle("Authentication Error").setMessage("You are not authenticated").show();
      else
        builder.setTitle("Error").setMessage(errorMessage).show();
      return null;
    }
  }
}

控制台日志:

Doing something
Doing something else
[de.scrum_master.aspect.ExceptionHandlingAspect] Error java.lang.RuntimeException: oops in method void android.mobile.peakgames.net.aspectjandroid.AspectActivity.run()
ALERT DIALOG: Error -> Error java.lang.RuntimeException: oops in method void android.mobile.peakgames.net.aspectjandroid.AspectActivity.run()

日志清楚显示

  • 执行了带注释的方法 doSomethingElse(),但那里没有处理错误,
  • 但是调用方法 run() 触发了建议,因此错误在那里得到处理。
  • 即使您也注释了 run(),错误也会在 main(..) 中处理。

那么您需要做什么才能避免注释整个调用链?只有一种 - 非常丑陋 - 这样做的方法:手动簿记,即你的方面需要记住它之前忽略的异常实例,因为相应的 error-handling 建议从来没有 运行 那个异常。

因此你需要像这样改变你的方面(忽略像 multi-threading 和手动创建的嵌套异常 try-catch 等问题,以免使其变得更加复杂):

方面,迭代 2:

package de.scrum_master.aspect;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

import org.apache.http.auth.AuthenticationException;
import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterThrowing;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;

import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.AlertDialog.Builder;
import android.mobile.peakgames.net.aspectjandroid.AspectActivity;
import android.util.Log;

@Aspect
public class ExceptionHandlingAspect {
  private static final String TAG = ExceptionHandlingAspect.class.getName();

  private Set<Throwable> ignoredErrors = new HashSet<>();

  @Pointcut("execution(* *(..)) && target(activity)")
  public void methodsOfInterest(AspectActivity activity) {}

  @Pointcut("@annotation(android.mobile.peakgames.net.aspectjandroid.exception.NoTryCatch)")
  public void annotationNoTryCatch() {}

  @Around("methodsOfInterest(activity) && !annotationNoTryCatch()")
  public Object exceptionAroundMethod(ProceedingJoinPoint thisJoinPoint, AspectActivity activity) throws Throwable {
    try {
      return thisJoinPoint.proceed();
    } catch (Throwable throwable) {
      if (ignoredErrors.contains(throwable))
        throw throwable;
      String errorMessage = "Error " + throwable + " in method " + thisJoinPoint.getSignature();
      Log.e(TAG, errorMessage);
      Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(activity);
      if (throwable instanceof AuthenticationException)
        builder.setTitle("Authentication Error").setMessage("You are not authenticated").show();
      else
        builder.setTitle("Error").setMessage(errorMessage).show();
      return null;
    }
  }

  @AfterThrowing(value = "methodsOfInterest(activity) && annotationNoTryCatch()", throwing = "throwable")
  public void ignoreExceptions(JoinPoint thisJoinPoint, AspectActivity activity, Throwable throwable) {
    ignoredErrors.add(throwable);
  }
}

控制台日志,迭代 2:

Doing something
Doing something else
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: oops
    at android.mobile.peakgames.net.aspectjandroid.AspectActivity.doSomethingElse(AspectActivity.java:17)
    at android.mobile.peakgames.net.aspectjandroid.AspectActivity.run_aroundBody4(AspectActivity.java:27)
    at android.mobile.peakgames.net.aspectjandroid.AspectActivity.run_aroundBody5$advice(AspectActivity.java:34)
    at android.mobile.peakgames.net.aspectjandroid.AspectActivity.run(AspectActivity.java:1)
    at android.mobile.peakgames.net.aspectjandroid.AspectActivity.main(AspectActivity.java:32)

如您所见,异常现在升级,"crashing" 应用程序正如您所说的那样。

P.S.: InheritableThreadLocal<Throwable> 是你的朋友,如果你喜欢 thread-safe 的相位。如果您确实需要但不知道我在说什么,请随时询问。

P.P.S.: 如果把@NoTryCatch注解从doSomethingElse()下移到doSomethingFancy,日志变化如下:

Doing something
Doing something else
[de.scrum_master.aspect.ExceptionHandlingAspect] Error java.lang.RuntimeException: oops in method String android.mobile.peakgames.net.aspectjandroid.AspectActivity.doSomethingElse()
ALERT DIALOG: Error -> Error java.lang.RuntimeException: oops in method String android.mobile.peakgames.net.aspectjandroid.AspectActivity.doSomethingElse()
Doing something fancy
Exception in thread "main" org.apache.http.auth.AuthenticationException: uh-oh
    at android.mobile.peakgames.net.aspectjandroid.AspectActivity.doSomethingFancy(AspectActivity.java:22)
    at android.mobile.peakgames.net.aspectjandroid.AspectActivity.run_aroundBody4(AspectActivity.java:28)
    at android.mobile.peakgames.net.aspectjandroid.AspectActivity.run_aroundBody5$advice(AspectActivity.java:34)
    at android.mobile.peakgames.net.aspectjandroid.AspectActivity.run(AspectActivity.java:1)
    at android.mobile.peakgames.net.aspectjandroid.AspectActivity.main(AspectActivity.java:32)