如何在 PowerShell v2 中匹配和替换 Get-Content 和 Set-Content 对象中的字符串？

Question

对 Powershell 相当陌生，一直在努力用更新的版权替换程序集文件中过时的版权。然而，使用下面的函数会用我的新版权文本的重复填充整个数据。

我做错了什么？

function UpdateCopyright{
param            
(            
    [Parameter(Mandatory=$True,Position=1)]
    [String] $copyrightFileWithPath = "_"
)
try
{
    if ($copyrightFileWithPath -ne "_"){
        $currentYear         = (date).Year
        $copyrightNewTxt     = "Copyright © Company $currentYear"
        $copyrightSearchTxt  = "assembly: AssemblyCopyright"       
        $newCopyright = "[assembly: AssemblyCopyright(""$copyrightNewTxt"")]"
        $Data = (Get-Content $copyrightFileWithPath)          
        $copyrightInData = ($Data -match $copyrightSearchTxt)         
        $Data = ($Data -replace $copyrightInData, $newCopyright)
        Set-Content $copyrightFileWithPath $Data
        return $true
    }
    else{
        Write-Host ("ERROR: Invalid parameter to modify copyright for file " + $copyrightFileWithPath)
        return $false
    }
}
catch
{
    $ErrorMessage = $_.Exception.Message
    Write-Host ("ERROR: Exception while modifying copyright for file " + $copyrightFileWithPath + $ErrorMessage)
    return $false
}
}

示例输入文件：

using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

[assembly: AssemblyProduct("Test App")]
[assembly: AssemblyCopyright("Copyright © Company 2014 - 2018")]
[assembly: AssemblyCulture("")]
[assembly: ComVisible(false)]
[assembly: AssemblyVersion("2.11.0.4")]
[assembly: AssemblyFileVersion("2.11.0.4")]

示例输出文件：

using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

[assembly: AssemblyProduct("Test App")]
[assembly: AssemblyCopyright("Copyright © Company 2018")]
[assembly: AssemblyCulture("")]
[assembly: ComVisible(false)]
[assembly: AssemblyVersion("2.11.0.4")]
[assembly: AssemblyFileVersion("2.11.0.4")]

Answer 1

您进行了一场比赛：

$copyrightInData = ($Data -match $copyrightSearchTxt)

那只是 returns 一个包含 1 项的数组：文件中与您的模式匹配的一行。那你运行:

$Data = ($Data -replace $copyrightInData, $newCopyright)

查看整个文件，查找与 $copywriteInData 中定义的模式相匹配的内容，并将其替换为新的文案文本。事情是这样的，这是一个正则表达式（简称RegEx）匹配。所以 $copywriteInData 是字符串 [assembly: AssemblyCopyright("Copyright © Company 2014 - 2018")]。在 RegEx 中，方括号内的任何内容都意味着它应该匹配其中的任何字符，因此当您执行 -replace 时，它会查看第一个字符并决定：

Does it match: A
Does it match: s
Does it match: s
Does it match: e
Does it match: m

它会继续进行，直到它在 [ ] 中找到一个匹配的字符，或者在 [ ] 中找到运行个要匹配的字符。解决此问题的方法是正确转义您的字符串以进行 RegEx 匹配：

$Data = $Data -replace [regex]::Escape($copyrightInData), $newCopyright

一种更简单的方法是更好地定义要替换的内容，然后只读取文件、执行替换并写入文件。

    $currentYear         = (date).Year
    $copyrightSearchTxt  = '(?<=\[assembly: AssemblyCopyright\(").*?(?="\)])'
    (GC $copyrightFileWithPath) -replace $copyrightSearchTxt, $currentYear | Set-Content $copyrightFileWithPath

如何在 PowerShell v2 中匹配和替换 Get-Content 和 Set-Content 对象中的字符串？

How to match and replace strings within Get-Content and Set-Content objects in PowerShell v2?

powershell

powershell-2.0