大小写 class 和内部大小写 classes 的字符串列表

List of strings to case class with inner case classes

假设我有 2 个案例 classes:

case class Money(amount: Int, currency: String)
case class Human(name: String, money: Money)

有什么好方法可以将 "translate" 字符串列表 class 人类?像:

def superMethod[A](params: List[String]): A = ???

val params: List[Any] = List("john", 100, "dollar")
superMethod(params) // => Human("john", Money(100, "dollar"))

所以基本上我只在运行时知道类型 A

更新:我找到了~我一直在寻找的东西。看来我可以通过 shapeless 做到这一点。 example 我在 github

中找到

如果 A 不是泛型类型,而是有效的 Human,您可以使用伴随对象来处理 class Human:

object Human {
  def fromList(list: List[String]): Human = list match {
    case List(name, amount, currency) => Human(name, Money(amount.toInt, currency))
    case _ => handle corner case
  }
}

你可以打电话给:

Human.fromList(List("john", "100", "dollar"))

为了安全起见,不要忘记处理大小不为 3 的列表;以及其第二个元素无法转换为 Int 的列表:

import scala.util.Try

object Human {
  def fromList(list: List[String]): Option[Human] = list match {
    case List(name, amount, currency) =>
      Try(Human(name, Money(amount.toInt, currency))).toOption
    case _ => None
  }
}

编辑:根据您最后的评论,您可能会发现这很有用:

case class Money(amount: Int, currency: String)
case class Human(name: String, money: Money)
case class SomethingElse(whatever: Double)

object Mapper {
  def superMethod(list: List[String]): Option[Any] =
    list match {
      case List(name, amount, currency) =>
        Try(Human(name, Money(amount.toInt, currency))).toOption
      case List(whatever) => Try(SomethingElse(whatever.toDouble)).toOption
      case _ => None
    }
}

println(Mapper.superMethod(List("john", 100, "dollar")))
> Some(Human(john,Money(100,dollar)))
println(Mapper.superMethod(List(17d)))
> Some(SomethingElse(17.0))

或者:

object Mapper {
  def superMethod[A](list: List[String]): Option[A] =
    (list match {
      case List(name, amount, currency) =>
        Try(Human(name, Money(amount, currency))).toOption
      case List(whatever) =>
        Try(SomethingElse(whatever.toDouble)).toOption
      case _ => None
    }).map(_.asInstanceOf[A])
}

println(Mapper.superMethod[Human](List("john", "100", "dollar")))
> Some(Human(john,Money(100,dollar)))
println(Mapper.superMethod[SomethingElse](List("17.2")))
> Some(SomethingElse(17.0))

这是一个适用于通用 classes A.

的实现

它依赖于运行时反射(即可以在运行时向方法传递不同的TypeTag)。要使用此方法,必须满足以下明显条件:

  • A 必须在 class 路径上,否则可以由使用的 class 加载程序加载
  • TypeTag 必须在呼叫站点可供 A 使用。

实际实现在Deserializer对象中。然后是一个小演示。

解串器:

import scala.reflect.runtime.universe.{TypeTag, Type}

object Deserializer {

  /** Extracts an instance of type `A` from the 
    * flattened `Any` constructor arguments, and returns 
    * the constructed instance together with the remaining
    * unused arguments.
    */
  private def deserializeRecHelper(
    flattened: List[Any], 
    tpe: Type
  ): (Any, List[Any]) = {
    import scala.reflect.runtime.{universe => ru}
    
    // println("Trying to deserialize " + tpe + " from " + flattened)

    // println("Constructor alternatives: ")
    // val constructorAlternatives = tpe.
    //   member(ru.termNames.CONSTRUCTOR).
    //   asTerm.
    //   alternatives.foreach(println)

    val consSymb = tpe.
      member(ru.termNames.CONSTRUCTOR).
      asTerm.
      alternatives(0).
      asMethod

    val argsTypes: List[Type] = consSymb.paramLists(0).map(_.typeSignature)
    if (tpe =:= ru.typeOf[String] || argsTypes.isEmpty) {
      val h :: t = flattened
      (h, t)
    } else {
      val args_rems: List[(Any, List[Any])] = argsTypes.scanLeft(
        (("throwaway-sentinel-in-deserializeRecHelper": Any), flattened)
      ) { 
        case ((_, remFs), t) => 
        deserializeRecHelper(remFs, t)
      }.tail
  
      val remaining: List[Any] = args_rems.last._2
      val args: List[Any] = args_rems.unzip._1
  
      val runtimeMirror = ru.runtimeMirror(getClass.getClassLoader)
      val classMirror = runtimeMirror.reflectClass(tpe.typeSymbol.asClass)
      val cons = classMirror.reflectConstructor(consSymb)
  
      // println("Build constructor arguments array for " + tpe + " : " + args)

      val obj = cons.apply(args:_*)
      (obj, remaining)
    }
  }

  def deserialize[A: TypeTag](flattened: List[Any]): A = {
    val (a, rem) = deserializeRecHelper(
      flattened, 
      (implicitly: TypeTag[A]).tpe
    )

    require(
      rem.isEmpty, 
      "Superfluous arguments remained after deserialization: " + rem
    )

    a.asInstanceOf[A]
  }
}

演示:

case class Person(id: String, money: Money, pet: Pet, lifeMotto: String)
case class Money(num: Int, currency: String)
case class Pet(color: String, species: Species)
case class Species(description: String, name: String)

object Example {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    val data = List("Bob", 42, "USD", "pink", "invisible", "unicorn", "what's going on ey?")
    val p = Deserializer.deserialize[Person](data)
    println(p)
  }
}

输出:

Person(Bob,Money(42,USD),Pet(pink,Species(invisible,unicorn)),what's going on ey?)

讨论

此实现不限于 classes 的情况,但它要求每个“Tree-node-like”class 都有一个接受任一

的构造函数
  • 基本类型(Int、Float),或
  • 字符串,或
  • 其他“Tree-node-like”classes.

请注意,该任务有点 ill-posed:说所有构造函数参数都被压平在一个列表中是什么意思?给定 class Person(name: String, age: Int)List[Any] 是否会包含 name 的每个字节作为单独的条目?可能不会。因此,字符串由反序列化器以特殊方式处理,并且出于相同原因不支持所有其他 collection-like 实体(不清楚在哪里停止解析,因为集合的大小未知)。