C# - Serilog - Enrichers 留下空白条目

C# - Serilog - Enrichers leaving blank entries

了解了 Serilog 的基础知识。现在尝试添加一些增强器,以便我可以在每个日志行中打印用户名或机器名或 class 名称等。

这是我目前的代码,

using System;
using Serilog;
using Serilog.Sinks.SystemConsole;
using Serilog.Sinks.File;
using Serilog.Enrichers;
using Serilog.Core;
using Serilog.Events;
using System.Threading;
using Serilog.Context;

var outputTemplate = "{MachineName} | {UserName} | {Timestamp:yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.fff zzz} [{Level:u4}] | {ClassName} | {Message:l}{NewLine}{Exception}";
var Logger = new LoggerConfiguration()
    .MinimumLevel.Debug()
    .WriteTo.Console(outputTemplate: outputTemplate)
    .WriteTo.File("logFile-.log",
                  outputTemplate: outputTemplate)
    .Enrich.FromLogContext()
    .Enrich.WithEnvironmentUserName()
    .Enrich.WithProperty("Version", "1.0.0")
    .CreateLogger();

Logger.Information("Hello, Serilog!");

var position = new { Latitude = 25, Longitude = 134 };
var elapsedMs = 35;

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
    Logger.Information("Processed {@position} in {elapsed} ms.", position, elapsedMs);
    Logger.Information("");
}

using (LogContext.PushProperty("SourceContext", "TestClass"))
{
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
    {
        Logger.Information("Processed {@position} in {elapsed} ms.", position, elapsedMs);
        Logger.Information("");
    }
}

输出

 |  | 2018-03-03 19:02:56.247 -05:00 [INFO] |  | Hello, Serilog!
 |  | 2018-03-03 19:02:56.287 -05:00 [INFO] |  | Processed {Latitude=25, Longitude=134} in 35 ms.
 |  | 2018-03-03 19:02:56.295 -05:00 [INFO] |  |
 |  | 2018-03-03 19:02:56.295 -05:00 [INFO] |  | Processed {Latitude=25, Longitude=134} in 35 ms.
 |  | 2018-03-03 19:02:56.296 -05:00 [INFO] |  |
 |  | 2018-03-03 19:02:56.297 -05:00 [INFO] |  | Processed {Latitude=25, Longitude=134} in 35 ms.
 |  | 2018-03-03 19:02:56.298 -05:00 [INFO] |  |
 |  | 2018-03-03 19:02:56.298 -05:00 [INFO] |  | Processed {Latitude=25, Longitude=134} in 35 ms.
 |  | 2018-03-03 19:02:56.299 -05:00 [INFO] |  |
 |  | 2018-03-03 19:02:56.300 -05:00 [INFO] |  | Processed {Latitude=25, Longitude=134} in 35 ms.
 |  | 2018-03-03 19:02:56.301 -05:00 [INFO] |  |
 |  | 2018-03-03 19:02:56.302 -05:00 [INFO] | TestClass | Processed {Latitude=25, Longitude=134} in 35 ms.
 |  | 2018-03-03 19:02:56.307 -05:00 [INFO] | TestClass |
 |  | 2018-03-03 19:02:56.308 -05:00 [INFO] | TestClass | Processed {Latitude=25, Longitude=134} in 35 ms.
 |  | 2018-03-03 19:02:56.310 -05:00 [INFO] | TestClass |
 |  | 2018-03-03 19:02:56.310 -05:00 [INFO] | TestClass | Processed {Latitude=25, Longitude=134} in 35 ms.
 |  | 2018-03-03 19:02:56.311 -05:00 [INFO] | TestClass |
 |  | 2018-03-03 19:02:56.312 -05:00 [INFO] | TestClass | Processed {Latitude=25, Longitude=134} in 35 ms.
 |  | 2018-03-03 19:02:56.313 -05:00 [INFO] | TestClass |
 |  | 2018-03-03 19:02:56.316 -05:00 [INFO] | TestClass | Processed {Latitude=25, Longitude=134} in 35 ms.
 |  | 2018-03-03 19:02:56.317 -05:00 [INFO] | TestClass |
 Press any key to continue . . .

根据我的理解,我必须在创建 [=] 时在 outputTemplate 中手动定义 "placeholders"(MachineNameUserNameClassName) 16=] 对象。如果我不需要使用它们,我不确定如何使这些占位符可选(即不在日志行中打印空白 space)。 (例如,我不想打印几行 class 名称)。或者我可能没有正确理解 Enrichers 的概念。

非常感谢任何帮助!!

如果我没理解错的话,你有 2 个问题:

  1. 为什么机器名和用户名没有出现在日志中?
  2. 如何使 enricher 占位符可选?
  1. Why Machine name and User name do not appear in logs?

机器名称未出现在日志中,因为您没有添加适当的增强器 - WithMachineName()。 将以下调用添加到配置中:

var Logger = new LoggerConfiguration()
// ...
.Enrich.WithMachineName()
// ...

用户名没有出现在日志中,因为您使用了不正确的占位符 {UserName} 而它应该是 {EnvironmentUserName}.

这是解决这两个问题的记录器配置:

var outputTemplate = "{MachineName} | {EnvironmentUserName} | {Timestamp:yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.fff zzz} [{Level:u4}] | {ClassNameDelimited} | {Message:l}{NewLine}{Exception}";
var Logger = new LoggerConfiguration()
    .MinimumLevel.Debug()
    .WriteTo.Console(outputTemplate: outputTemplate)
    .WriteTo.File("logFile-.log",
        outputTemplate: outputTemplate)
    .Enrich.FromLogContext()
    .Enrich.WithEnvironmentUserName()
    .Enrich.WithMachineName()
    .Enrich.WithProperty("Version", "1.0.0")
    .CreateLogger();
  1. How to make enricher placeholder optional?

{MachineName} 等占位符仅替换为 属性 值。如果缺少值,它将替换为空字符串。所以实际上占位符是可选的。 但是对于像 "{MachineName} | Something" 这样的输出模板,这将导致 " | Something" 日志条目。当您定义这样的输出模板时,不会从结果条目中删除常量字符串 " | "

这个问题有一个解决方案,但是需要一些努力。计划如下:

  1. 将分隔符作为替换的 属性 值的一部分。
  2. 编写检查基础值是否存在的自定义增强器。如果是,enricher 将使用与分隔符连接的原始值来丰富日志条目。如果值不存在,enricher 不会添加任何东西,这样可以防止日志中出现没有值的分隔符。

以下是此类浓缩剂的样本:

public class DelimitedEnricher : ILogEventEnricher
{
    private readonly ILogEventEnricher innerEnricher;
    private readonly string innerPropertyName;
    private readonly string delimiter;

    public DelimitedEnricher(string innerPropertyName, string delimiter)
    {
        this.innerPropertyName = innerPropertyName;
        this.delimiter = delimiter;
    }

    public DelimitedEnricher(ILogEventEnricher innerEnricher, string innerPropertyName, string delimiter) : this(innerPropertyName, delimiter)
    {
        this.innerEnricher = innerEnricher;
    }

    public void Enrich(LogEvent logEvent, ILogEventPropertyFactory propertyFactory)
    {
        innerEnricher?.Enrich(logEvent, propertyFactory);

        LogEventPropertyValue eventPropertyValue;
        if (logEvent.Properties.TryGetValue(innerPropertyName, out eventPropertyValue))
        {
            var value = (eventPropertyValue as ScalarValue)?.Value as string;
            if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(value))
            {
                logEvent.AddPropertyIfAbsent(new LogEventProperty(innerPropertyName + "Delimited", new ScalarValue(value + delimiter)));
            }
        }
    }
}

以下是配置 enricher 的扩展方法:

public static class DelimitedEnrichersExtensions
{
    public const string Delimiter = " | ";

    public static LoggerConfiguration WithEnvironmentUserNameDelimited(this LoggerEnrichmentConfiguration enrichmentConfiguration)
    {
        return enrichmentConfiguration.With(new DelimitedEnricher(new EnvironmentUserNameEnricher(), EnvironmentUserNameEnricher.EnvironmentUserNamePropertyName, Delimiter));
    }

    public static LoggerConfiguration WithMachineNameDelimited(this LoggerEnrichmentConfiguration enrichmentConfiguration)
    {
        return enrichmentConfiguration.With(new DelimitedEnricher(new MachineNameEnricher(), MachineNameEnricher.MachineNamePropertyName, Delimiter));
    }

    public static LoggerConfiguration WithPropertyDelimited(this LoggerEnrichmentConfiguration enrichmentConfiguration, string propertyName)
    {
        return enrichmentConfiguration.With(new DelimitedEnricher(propertyName, Delimiter));
    }
}

最后是使用此自定义增强器的配置:

var outputTemplate = "{MachineNameDelimited}{EnvironmentUserNameDelimited}{Timestamp:yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.fff zzz} [{Level:u4}] | {ClassNameDelimited}{Message:l}{NewLine}{Exception}";
var Logger = new LoggerConfiguration()
    .MinimumLevel.Debug()
    .WriteTo.Console(outputTemplate: outputTemplate)
    .WriteTo.File("logFile-.log",
        outputTemplate: outputTemplate)
    .Enrich.FromLogContext()
    .Enrich.WithEnvironmentUserNameDelimited()
    .Enrich.WithMachineNameDelimited()
    .Enrich.WithPropertyDelimited("ClassName")
    .Enrich.WithProperty("Version", "1.0.0")
    .CreateLogger();