--no-cache 与 Alpine Dockerfile 的优势相比。 rm /var/cache/apk/*
Alpine Dockerfile Advantages of --no-cache Vs. rm /var/cache/apk/*
当使用 Alpine 镜像创建 Dockerfile 时,我经常看到 apk --no-cache
的使用,而其他时候我看到的是 rm /var/cache/apk/*
.
我很想知道使用 --no-cache
之后就不需要再执行 rm /var/cache/apk/*
。我也想知道一种风格是否比另一种更受欢迎。
--no-cache
选项允许不在本地缓存索引,这对于保持容器较小很有用。
从字面上看,它等于开头的 apk update
和结尾的 rm -rf /var/cache/apk/*
。
我们使用 --no-cache
选项的一些示例:
$ docker run -ti alpine:3.7
/ # apk add nginx
WARNING: Ignoring APKINDEX.70c88391.tar.gz: No such file or directory
WARNING: Ignoring APKINDEX.5022a8a2.tar.gz: No such file or directory
ERROR: unsatisfiable constraints:
nginx (missing):
required by: world[nginx]
/ #
/ # apk add --no-cache nginx
fetch http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.7/main/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
fetch http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.7/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
(1/2) Installing pcre (8.41-r1)
(2/2) Installing nginx (1.12.2-r3)
Executing nginx-1.12.2-r3.pre-install
Executing busybox-1.27.2-r7.trigger
OK: 6 MiB in 13 packages
/ #
/ # ls -la /var/cache/apk/
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 9 19:37 .
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Mar 5 20:29 ..
我们不使用 --no-cache
选项的另一个示例:
$ docker run -ti alpine:3.7
/ # apk add nginx
WARNING: Ignoring APKINDEX.70c88391.tar.gz: No such file or directory
WARNING: Ignoring APKINDEX.5022a8a2.tar.gz: No such file or directory
ERROR: unsatisfiable constraints:
nginx (missing):
required by: world[nginx]
/ #
/ # apk update
fetch http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.7/main/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
fetch http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.7/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
v3.7.0-107-g15dd6b8ab3 [http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.7/main]
v3.7.0-105-g4b8b158c40 [http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.7/community]
OK: 9048 distinct packages available
/ #
/ # apk add nginx
(1/2) Installing pcre (8.41-r1)
(2/2) Installing nginx (1.12.2-r3)
Executing nginx-1.12.2-r3.pre-install
Executing busybox-1.27.2-r7.trigger
OK: 6 MiB in 13 packages
/ #
/ # ls -la /var/cache/apk/
total 1204
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Mar 5 20:31 .
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Mar 5 20:31 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 451508 Mar 3 00:30 APKINDEX.5022a8a2.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 768680 Mar 5 09:39 APKINDEX.70c88391.tar.gz
/ #
/ # rm -vrf /var/cache/apk/*
removed '/var/cache/apk/APKINDEX.5022a8a2.tar.gz'
removed '/var/cache/apk/APKINDEX.70c88391.tar.gz'
如您所见,两种情况都有效。至于我,使用 --no-cache
选项更优雅。
我觉得这是一种设计风格。缓存的本质是复用,比如多个容器可以挂载同一个缓存文件系统,而不需要从网络上重复下载。
可以查看apline wiki:https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Alpine_Linux_package_management#Local_Cache
当使用 Alpine 镜像创建 Dockerfile 时,我经常看到 apk --no-cache
的使用,而其他时候我看到的是 rm /var/cache/apk/*
.
我很想知道使用 --no-cache
之后就不需要再执行 rm /var/cache/apk/*
。我也想知道一种风格是否比另一种更受欢迎。
--no-cache
选项允许不在本地缓存索引,这对于保持容器较小很有用。
从字面上看,它等于开头的 apk update
和结尾的 rm -rf /var/cache/apk/*
。
我们使用 --no-cache
选项的一些示例:
$ docker run -ti alpine:3.7
/ # apk add nginx
WARNING: Ignoring APKINDEX.70c88391.tar.gz: No such file or directory
WARNING: Ignoring APKINDEX.5022a8a2.tar.gz: No such file or directory
ERROR: unsatisfiable constraints:
nginx (missing):
required by: world[nginx]
/ #
/ # apk add --no-cache nginx
fetch http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.7/main/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
fetch http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.7/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
(1/2) Installing pcre (8.41-r1)
(2/2) Installing nginx (1.12.2-r3)
Executing nginx-1.12.2-r3.pre-install
Executing busybox-1.27.2-r7.trigger
OK: 6 MiB in 13 packages
/ #
/ # ls -la /var/cache/apk/
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 9 19:37 .
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Mar 5 20:29 ..
我们不使用 --no-cache
选项的另一个示例:
$ docker run -ti alpine:3.7
/ # apk add nginx
WARNING: Ignoring APKINDEX.70c88391.tar.gz: No such file or directory
WARNING: Ignoring APKINDEX.5022a8a2.tar.gz: No such file or directory
ERROR: unsatisfiable constraints:
nginx (missing):
required by: world[nginx]
/ #
/ # apk update
fetch http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.7/main/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
fetch http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.7/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
v3.7.0-107-g15dd6b8ab3 [http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.7/main]
v3.7.0-105-g4b8b158c40 [http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.7/community]
OK: 9048 distinct packages available
/ #
/ # apk add nginx
(1/2) Installing pcre (8.41-r1)
(2/2) Installing nginx (1.12.2-r3)
Executing nginx-1.12.2-r3.pre-install
Executing busybox-1.27.2-r7.trigger
OK: 6 MiB in 13 packages
/ #
/ # ls -la /var/cache/apk/
total 1204
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Mar 5 20:31 .
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Mar 5 20:31 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 451508 Mar 3 00:30 APKINDEX.5022a8a2.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 768680 Mar 5 09:39 APKINDEX.70c88391.tar.gz
/ #
/ # rm -vrf /var/cache/apk/*
removed '/var/cache/apk/APKINDEX.5022a8a2.tar.gz'
removed '/var/cache/apk/APKINDEX.70c88391.tar.gz'
如您所见,两种情况都有效。至于我,使用 --no-cache
选项更优雅。
我觉得这是一种设计风格。缓存的本质是复用,比如多个容器可以挂载同一个缓存文件系统,而不需要从网络上重复下载。
可以查看apline wiki:https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Alpine_Linux_package_management#Local_Cache