sed：记住在第二个表达式中捕获

Question

我正在尝试查找捕获模式的出现并在下一行添加捕获模式。

例如：

...
[line 10] #---------- SOLID: tank_phys.0
[line 11]   Shape {
...
[line 22] #---------- SOLID: head_phys.0
[line 23]   Shape {  
...

预期输出：

...
[line 10] #---------- SOLID: tank_phys.0
[line 11]   DEF tank Shape {
...
[line 22] #---------- SOLID: head_phys.0
[line 23]   DEF head Shape {   
...

这是我的：

sed -rn '/#---------- SOLID: (.*)_phys.0/{n ; s/Shape/DEF <PreviousCapture> Shape/p;}' g4_00.wrl

如何将 Shape { 替换为 DEF tank Shape {？

谢谢

GT

Answer 1

以下简单的 awk 可能会对您有所帮助。

awk '/#---------- SOLID/{print;sub(/_.*/,"",$NF);val=$NF;getline;sub("Shape {","DEF " val " &")} 1'  Input_file

输出如下。

[line 10] #---------- SOLID: tank_phys.0
[line 11]   DEF tank Shape {
...
[line 22] #---------- SOLID: head_phys.0
[line 23]   DEF head Shape {

Answer 2

使用纯 sed 解决方案：

输入：

$ cat file
#---------- SOLID: tank_phys.0
  Shape {
abcdef
1234
#---------- SOLID: head_phys.0
  Shape { 
12345
gdfg

命令：

$ sed -rn '/#---------- SOLID: (.*)_phys.0/{p;s/#---------- SOLID: (.*)_phys.0/DEF /;N;s/\n//;s/ {2,}/ /;s/^/  /p;b};/#---------- SOLID: (.*)_phys.0/!p' file

输出：

#---------- SOLID: tank_phys.0
  DEF tank Shape {
abcdef
1234
#---------- SOLID: head_phys.0
  DEF head Shape { 
12345
gdfg

解释：

/#---------- SOLID: (.*)_phys.0/{ #this block will be executed on each line respecting the regex /#---------- SOLID: (.*)_phys.0/
p; #print the line
s/#---------- SOLID: (.*)_phys.0/DEF /; #replace the line content using backreference to form DEF ...
N;#append next line Shape { to the pattern buffer
s/\n//;s/ {2,}/ /;s/^/  /p; #remove the new line, add/remove some spaces
b}; #jump to the end of the statements
/#---------- SOLID: (.*)_phys.0/!p #lines that does not respect the regex will just be printed

Answer 3

你可以试试这个 sed

sed -E '
  /SOLID/!b
  N
  s/(^.*SOLID: )([^_]*)(.*\n)([[:blank:]]*)(.*$)/DEF  /
' infile

sed：记住在第二个表达式中捕获

sed: remember capture in second expression

sed

gnu-sed