可解码和 JSON,同一变量的 2 种数据类型

Decodable and JSON, 2 datatypes for same variable

我正在使用 Decodable 协议解码一些 json,但我 运行 遇到了问题:

我得到了回复,其中经度和纬度可以是整数(纬度 = 0)(如果没有向元素添加地理位置数据)和字符串(fx.latitude = "25.047880 ") 如果有可用的地理数据。现在当我解码 json 时,我不知道如何构建我的 Struct,因为 long 和 lat 不能同时是 String 和 Int。所以我在获取元素时遇到解码错误代表案例。

关于如何解决这个问题有什么建议吗?我尝试使用 "Any" 作为数据类型,但这不符合 Decodable 协议

struct JPhoto: Decodable {
  let id: String
  let farm: Int
  let secret: String
  let server: String
  let owner: String
  let title: String
  let latitude: String //Can both be Int and String
  let longitude: String //Can both be Int and String
}

您需要自己编写 encoder/decoder。您可以使用关联值枚举来执行此操作,使用 switch 语句进行编码并使用 throwing/catching 行为进行解码:

enum AngularDistance:Codable {
    case string(String), integer(Int)

    func encode(to encoder: Encoder) throws {
        switch self {
        case .string(let str):
            var container = encoder.singleValueContainer()
            try container.encode(str)
        case .integer(let int):
            var container = encoder.singleValueContainer()
            try container.encode(int)
        }
    }

    init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
        do {
            let container = try decoder.singleValueContainer()
            let str = try container.decode(String.self)
            self = AngularDistance.string(str)
        }
        catch {
              do { let container = try decoder.singleValueContainer()
                   let int = try container.decode(Int.self)
                   self = AngularDistance.integer(int) 
              }
              catch {
                   throw DecodingError.typeMismatch(AngularDistance.self, DecodingError.Context(codingPath: decoder.codingPath, debugDescription: "Expected to decode an Int or a String"))
              }
        }
    }
}

下面是编码和解码此 AngularDistance 类型的示例:

let lat = [AngularDistance.string("String"), AngularDistance.integer(10)]
let encoder = JSONEncoder()
var decoder = JSONDecoder()

do {
    let encoded = try encoder.encode(lat)
    try decoder.decode(Array<AngularDistance>.self, from: encoded)
}
catch DecodingError.typeMismatch(let t, let e)  {
    t
    e.codingPath
    e.debugDescription
}
catch {
    print(error.localizedDescription)
    }

这是重写的结构:

struct JPhoto: Decodable {
  let id: String
  let farm: Int
  let secret: String
  let server: String
  let owner: String
  let title: String
  let latitude: AngularDistance //Can both be Int and String
  let longitude: AngularDistance //Can both be Int and String
}

除了具有关联值的枚举之外,还有几种方法值得一提。您可以为 latitudelongitude.

使用建议的 Either<Int, String>IntOrString 结构
struct Either<F: Codable, S: Codable>: Codable {
    var firstValue: F?
    var secondValue: S?

    var value: Any? {
        return firstValue ?? secondValue
    }
    
    func encode(to encoder: Encoder) throws {
        var container = encoder.singleValueContainer()
        if firstValue != nil {
            try? container.encode(firstValue)
        } else {
            try? container.encode(secondValue)
        }
    }

    init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
        let container = try decoder.singleValueContainer()
        firstValue = try? container.decode(F.self)
        secondValue = try? container.decode(S.self)
        if firstValue == nil && secondValue == nil {
            //Type mismatch
            throw DecodingError.typeMismatch(type(of: self), DecodingError.Context(codingPath: [], debugDescription: "The value is not of type \(F.self) and also not \(S.self)"))
        }
    }
}

另一种方法:

struct IntOrString: Codable {
    
    var value: Any
    
    func encode(to encoder: Encoder) throws {
        var container = encoder.singleValueContainer()
        if  let intValue = value as? Int {
            try? container.encode(intValue)
        } else if let strValue = value as? String {
            try? container.encode(strValue)
        }
    }
    
    init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
        if let int = try? Int(from: decoder) {
            value = int
            return
        }
        value = try String(from: decoder)
    }
}