在循环中调用函数(Common Lisp)
Call a function while in a loop (Common Lisp)
我正在制作一个控制台 Lisp 生存游戏,我正在尝试添加一个函数,直到 a = b,显示“。”每一秒。然后,当a = b时,设置一个"hurt"变量为真,if/when那个变量为真,将"health"减1,直到"use-medkit"函数被用户调用并且 "hurt" 变量设置为 false 并且您退出两个循环。
我遇到的问题是,当系统提示我使用 "use-medkit" 函数并输入它时,它不会计算我输入的任何内容,并一直从 "health" 中减去 1。如何在循环为 运行 时调用用户输入的函数?
这是我的代码:
(setq a (random 11)) ; Random from 0 - 10
(setq b (random 11)) ; ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
(setq hurt 0)
(setq repair 0)
(setq health 999)
(defun use-medkit ()
(setq repair 1))
(defun get-hurt ()
(loop
(progn
(setq a (random 11))
(setq b (random 11))
(progn
(princ ".")
(sleep 1)))
(if (eq a b) (progn
(setq hurt 1)
(when (eq hurt 1) (progn
(format t "~%You are hurt!~%You will lose 1 hp every 10 seconds~%~%Type use-medkit to stop the bleeding~%")
(loop
(progn
(- 1 health)
(sleep 10))
;(format t "health: ~A~%" health)
(when (eq repair 1) (progn
(return "You stopped the bleeding") (setq hurt 0) (setq repair 0))))))))))
所以一个程序不能同时做两件事。特别是如果你忙于打印点、睡觉和从 999 中减去 1,那么你将不会停下来查看是否有另一个命令。
不幸的是,这个问题很难解决。终端中最好的解决方案可能会使用像 ncurses 这样的东西。此外,没有标准的方法来控制输入缓冲。取而代之的是,这里有一种简单的方法,您可以执行一些并发操作和一些提示。您可能想改用适当的异步库。
(defun maybe-read (input-stream recording-stream)
(when (listen input-stream)
(let ((char (read-char input-stream)))
(if (char= char #\Newline)
t
(progn (write-char char recording-stream) (maybe-read))))))
(defun make-partial-reader (input-stream)
(list input-stream (make-string-output-stream)))
(defun partial-read (reader)
(when (apply #'maybe-read reader)
(get-output-stream-string (second reader))))
(defun how-long-until (time)
(let ((gap
(/ (- time (get-internal-run-time)) internal-time-units-per-second)))
(cond ((< gap 0) (values 0 :late))
((<= gap 0.001) (values 0 :now))
(T (values (- gap 0.001) :soon)))))
(defun sleep-until (time)
(multiple-value-bind (span type)
(how-long-until time)
(when (> span 60) (warn “long wait!”)
(case type
(:late nil)
(:now t)
(:soon
(sleep span)
(unless (sleep-until time) (warn “poor timekeeping”))
t))))
(defmacro with-prompt-and-scheduler ((schedule) (line &optional (input *standard-input*)) &body handle-line-input)
(let ((reader (gensym)) (insched (gensym)))
`(let ((,reader (make-partial-reader ,input) (,insched)))
(flet ((,schedule (in fun &aux (at (+ (get-internal-run-time) (* in internal-time-units-per-second))))
(if (null ,insched) (push (cons at fun) schedule)
(loop for s on ,insched
for ((at2) . y) = s
if (< at at2)
do (psetf (car s) (cons at fun)
(cdr s) (cons (car s) (cdr s)))
(finish-loop)
unless y do (setf (cdr s) (acons at fun nil)) (finish-loop)))))
(loop
(if ,insched
(let ((,insched (pop ,insched)))
(when (sleep-until (car ,insched))
(let ((,line (partial-read ,reader)))
(when ,line ,@handle-line-input)))
(funcall (cdr ,insched)))
(let ((,line (concatenate 'string (get-output-stream-string (second ,reader)) (read-line (first ,reader)))))
,@handle-line))))))))
然后你可以像这样使用它:
(let ((count 0))
(with-prompt-and-scheduler (schedule) (line)
(let ((n (read-from-string line)))
(when (realp n)
(schedule n (let ((x (incf count))) (lambda () (format t "Ding ~a ~a~%" x count) (finish-output))))))))
在 运行 输入 10 之后,然后在下一行输入 5。如果你这样做很快,你会得到:
Ding 2 2
Ding 1 2
第一行在 5 秒后出现,第二行在 10 秒后出现。如果你很慢,你应该得到:
Ding 1 1
Ding 2 2
输入 10 后 10 秒出现第一行,输入 5 后 5 秒出现第二行。
希望这能让您了解如何让一个程序看起来同时做两件事。
我正在制作一个控制台 Lisp 生存游戏,我正在尝试添加一个函数,直到 a = b,显示“。”每一秒。然后,当a = b时,设置一个"hurt"变量为真,if/when那个变量为真,将"health"减1,直到"use-medkit"函数被用户调用并且 "hurt" 变量设置为 false 并且您退出两个循环。
我遇到的问题是,当系统提示我使用 "use-medkit" 函数并输入它时,它不会计算我输入的任何内容,并一直从 "health" 中减去 1。如何在循环为 运行 时调用用户输入的函数?
这是我的代码:
(setq a (random 11)) ; Random from 0 - 10
(setq b (random 11)) ; ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
(setq hurt 0)
(setq repair 0)
(setq health 999)
(defun use-medkit ()
(setq repair 1))
(defun get-hurt ()
(loop
(progn
(setq a (random 11))
(setq b (random 11))
(progn
(princ ".")
(sleep 1)))
(if (eq a b) (progn
(setq hurt 1)
(when (eq hurt 1) (progn
(format t "~%You are hurt!~%You will lose 1 hp every 10 seconds~%~%Type use-medkit to stop the bleeding~%")
(loop
(progn
(- 1 health)
(sleep 10))
;(format t "health: ~A~%" health)
(when (eq repair 1) (progn
(return "You stopped the bleeding") (setq hurt 0) (setq repair 0))))))))))
所以一个程序不能同时做两件事。特别是如果你忙于打印点、睡觉和从 999 中减去 1,那么你将不会停下来查看是否有另一个命令。
不幸的是,这个问题很难解决。终端中最好的解决方案可能会使用像 ncurses 这样的东西。此外,没有标准的方法来控制输入缓冲。取而代之的是,这里有一种简单的方法,您可以执行一些并发操作和一些提示。您可能想改用适当的异步库。
(defun maybe-read (input-stream recording-stream)
(when (listen input-stream)
(let ((char (read-char input-stream)))
(if (char= char #\Newline)
t
(progn (write-char char recording-stream) (maybe-read))))))
(defun make-partial-reader (input-stream)
(list input-stream (make-string-output-stream)))
(defun partial-read (reader)
(when (apply #'maybe-read reader)
(get-output-stream-string (second reader))))
(defun how-long-until (time)
(let ((gap
(/ (- time (get-internal-run-time)) internal-time-units-per-second)))
(cond ((< gap 0) (values 0 :late))
((<= gap 0.001) (values 0 :now))
(T (values (- gap 0.001) :soon)))))
(defun sleep-until (time)
(multiple-value-bind (span type)
(how-long-until time)
(when (> span 60) (warn “long wait!”)
(case type
(:late nil)
(:now t)
(:soon
(sleep span)
(unless (sleep-until time) (warn “poor timekeeping”))
t))))
(defmacro with-prompt-and-scheduler ((schedule) (line &optional (input *standard-input*)) &body handle-line-input)
(let ((reader (gensym)) (insched (gensym)))
`(let ((,reader (make-partial-reader ,input) (,insched)))
(flet ((,schedule (in fun &aux (at (+ (get-internal-run-time) (* in internal-time-units-per-second))))
(if (null ,insched) (push (cons at fun) schedule)
(loop for s on ,insched
for ((at2) . y) = s
if (< at at2)
do (psetf (car s) (cons at fun)
(cdr s) (cons (car s) (cdr s)))
(finish-loop)
unless y do (setf (cdr s) (acons at fun nil)) (finish-loop)))))
(loop
(if ,insched
(let ((,insched (pop ,insched)))
(when (sleep-until (car ,insched))
(let ((,line (partial-read ,reader)))
(when ,line ,@handle-line-input)))
(funcall (cdr ,insched)))
(let ((,line (concatenate 'string (get-output-stream-string (second ,reader)) (read-line (first ,reader)))))
,@handle-line))))))))
然后你可以像这样使用它:
(let ((count 0))
(with-prompt-and-scheduler (schedule) (line)
(let ((n (read-from-string line)))
(when (realp n)
(schedule n (let ((x (incf count))) (lambda () (format t "Ding ~a ~a~%" x count) (finish-output))))))))
在 运行 输入 10 之后,然后在下一行输入 5。如果你这样做很快,你会得到:
Ding 2 2
Ding 1 2
第一行在 5 秒后出现,第二行在 10 秒后出现。如果你很慢,你应该得到:
Ding 1 1
Ding 2 2
输入 10 后 10 秒出现第一行,输入 5 后 5 秒出现第二行。
希望这能让您了解如何让一个程序看起来同时做两件事。