部分 grepl 导致将关键字与多列的文本字符串匹配

Question

我有一个诊断列表，我想根据关键字对它们进行分组。因此，如果 ref[[1]] 中的一个关键字在 mh$prb 中找到，则 mh$group 得到 1。我运行遇到 grepl 的问题是我的一些关键字正在匹配而另一些则没有——即使它们存在。我在 ref 中有这样的关键字：

为了分配诊断组，我做了以下操作using this example：

mh$group <- ifelse(grepl(ref[[1]], mh$prb), 1, 
                   ifelse(grepl(ref[[2]], mh$prb), 2,
                          ifelse(grepl(ref[[3]], mh$prb), 3,
                                 ifelse(grepl(ref[[4]], mh$prb), 4,
                                        ifelse(grepl(ref[[5]], mh$prb), 5,
                                               ifelse(grepl(ref[[6]], mh$prb), 6,
                                                      ifelse(grepl(ref[[7]], mh$prb), 7, 0
                                 )))))))

而且，如您所见，我有一个部分匹配，其中一些关键字被标记，而另一些则没有。例如，'depression' 正在分配，而 'bipolar' 未分配。

> head(mh)
  prb                                             group
  <chr>                                           <dbl>
1 unspecified major depression  single episode     2.00
2 bipolar disorder  unspecified                    0   
3 unspecified major depression  recurrent episode  2.00
4 bipolar disorder unspecified                     0   
5 alcohol abuse unspecified                        7.00
6 cocaine dependence  uncomplicated                0

所以我隔离了一个测试例子。您可以看到 t df 有 bipolar，我的 ref.

也有

> t <- filter(mh, prb == "bipolar disorder  unspecified")
> ref[[2]]
[1] "major| depression| depressive| bipolar| manic| mood| substance induced mood| substance induced mood| alcohol induced mood| alcohol induced mood| cocaine induced mood| cocaine induced mood| amphetamine induced mood| amphetamine induced mood| opioid induced mood| opioid induced mood| cannabis induced mood| cannabis induced mood| marijuana induced mood| marijuana induced mood| methamphetamine induced mood| methamphetamine induced mood| sedative| hypnotic anxiolytic induced mood"
> grepl("bipolar", t$prb)
[1] TRUE
> grepl("bipolar", ref[[2]])
[1] TRUE
> grepl(t$prb, ref[[2]])
[1] FALSE
> grepl(ref[[2]], t$prb)
[1] FALSE

因此，"bipolar" 对于 ref[[2]] 和 t$prb 单独而言都是 TRUE，但当一起比较时则不是 TRUE。我哪里搞砸了？

编辑：

> dput(ref)
c("psychotic| schizophrenia| schizo| psychosis| delusional| delusion| paranoid| undifferentiated| disorganized| substance induced psychotic| substance induced psychosis| alcohol induced psychotic| alcohol induced psychosis| cocaine induced psychosis| cocaine induced psychotic| amphetamine induced psychosis| amphetamine induced psychotic| opioid induced psychosis| opioid induced psychotic| cannabis induced psychosis| cannabis induced psychotic| marijuana induced psychosis| marijuana induced psychotic| methamphetamine induced psychosis| methamphetamine induced psychotic| hallucinogen induced psychosis| hallucinogen induced psychotic| PCP induced psychosis| PCP induced psychotic| benzodiazepine induced psychosis| benzodiazepine induced psychotic| phencyclidine induced psychosis| phencyclidine induced psychotic", 
"major| depression| depressive| bipolar| manic| mood| substance induced mood| substance induced mood| alcohol induced mood| alcohol induced mood| cocaine induced mood| cocaine induced mood| amphetamine induced mood| amphetamine induced mood| opioid induced mood| opioid induced mood| cannabis induced mood| cannabis induced mood| marijuana induced mood| marijuana induced mood| methamphetamine induced mood| methamphetamine induced mood| sedative| hypnotic anxiolytic induced mood", 
"post| traumatic| PTSD| panic| intermittent| explosive", "borderline| schizoid| schizotypal| paranoid", 
"neuro| neurocognitive| cognitive| dementia| alzheimers| vascular", 
"autism| aspergers| spectrum| retardation| intellectual| disability", 
"alcohol| cannabis| marijuana| opioid| heroin| amphetamine| methamphetamine| cocaine| inhalant| hallucinogen| PCP| sedative| hypnotic| anxiolytic| benzodiazepine| Xanax| valium| phencyclidine| induced| substance induced| alcohol induced| cannabis induced| marijuana induced| opioid induced| heroin induced| amphetamine induced| methamphetamine induced| cocaine induced| inhalant induced| hallucinogen induced| PCP induced| sedative induced| hypnotic induced| anxiolytic induced| benzodiazepine induced| Xanax induced| valium induced| phencyclidine induced"
)

> dput(head(mh))
structure(list(prb = c("unspecified major depression  single episode", 
"bipolar disorder  unspecified", "unspecified major depression  recurrent episode", 
"bipolar disorder unspecified", "alcohol abuse unspecified", 
"cocaine dependence  uncomplicated")), .Names = "prb", row.names = c(NA, 
-6L), class = c("tbl_df", "tbl", "data.frame"))

Answer 1

导致问题的原因是您定义 ref 变量的方式。当您将或指定为“| bipolar”时，grep 正在寻找 space 后跟单词 "bipolar" 因此您会丢失所有符合条件的匹配项是第一个词。要修复，请尝试使用“|bipolar”（将在复合词中查找条件）或“|bipolar”（将查找除句子中最后一个单词之外的单独单词）。

现在要批量修复 "ref" 变量而无需手动删除所有额外的 space，您可以使用 grep。 |是特殊字符，需要二次转义

ref<-gsub("\| ", "\|", ref)

#For example
ref[5]

[1] "neuro|neurocognitive|cognitive|dementia|alzheimers|vascular"

现在：

ifelse(grepl(ref[[1]], mh$prb), 1,....  )))))))

将产生：

[1] 2 2 2 2 7 7

部分 grepl 导致将关键字与多列的文本字符串匹配

partial grepl result in matching keywords with text strings for multiple columns

r

grepl