未创建视图

Question

你们能解释一下为什么我在尝试创建此视图时收到错误消息吗？

我得到的错误是：

Msg 156, Level 15, State 1, Procedure ComplianceView, Line 2
Incorrect syntax near the keyword 'declare'.

我使用的脚本是：

CREATE VIEW ComplianceView 
AS
    DECLARE @training AS TABLE (forename NVARCHAR(50), 
                                surname NVARCHAR(50), 
                                module NVARCHAR(100), 
                                date DATETIME)

    INSERT INTO @training (forename, surname, module, date)
        SELECT
            [First Name], surname, module, [completion date]
        FROM
            dbo.[report$]

        UNION ALL

        SELECT
            [First Name], surname, module, [completion date]
        FROM
            [Import Training]

    SELECT DISTINCT 
        l.[employee id],
        l.firstname,
        l.surname,
        l.[job role],
        l.manager,
        m.Mandatory,
        l.location,
        t.module,
        CONVERT(NVARCHAR(35), MAX(t.date), 106) AS LastCompleted,
        CONVERT(NVARCHAR(35), DATEADD(YY, m.[Frequency of training], MAX(t.date)), 106) AS RenewalDate,
        CASE
           WHEN DATEADD(YY, m.[Frequency of training], MAX(t.date)) > GETDATE() 
              THEN 'In Date'
              ELSE 'Out of date' 
        END AS [Compliant]
    FROM
        lookup l 
    JOIN
        @training t ON l.FirstName = t.forename 
                    AND l.Surname = t.surname
    LEFT JOIN
        Mandatory m ON m.[Course Title] = t.module 
                    AND m.[Job Role] = l.[Job Role]
    WHERE
        t.module IN ('Customer Care', 'Equality and Diversity', 'Fire Safety',
                     'Infection Control (Non Clinical)', 'Information Governance', 
                     'Moving and Handling (Non Clinical)', 'Prevent',
                     'Safeguarding Adults (Level 1)', 'Basic Life Support',
                     'Chaperoning', 'Consent', 'On Call Training', 
                     'Safeguarding Children (Level 3)', 'Infection Control (Clinical)',
                     'Moving and Handling (Clinical)')
    GROUP BY
        l.[employee id], l.firstname, l.surname,
        l.[job role], l.manager, 
        t.module,
        l.location,
        m.[Frequency of training], m.mandatory
    ORDER BY
        m.Mandatory DESC

当我在没有视图语法的情况下查看脚本时，该脚本有效。

Answer 1

如评论中所述，您只能在视图中进行查询。您可以使用 CTE（通用 Table 表达式）而不是使用 table 变量来执行此操作。

Create view ComplianceView as
WITH training AS (
    select [First Name], surname, module, [completion date]
    from dbo.[report$]

    union all 

    select [First Name], surname, module, [completion date]
    from [Import Training]
)
select distinct l.[employee id],
l.firstname,
l.surname,
l.[job role],
l.manager,
m.Mandatory,
l.location,
t.module,
Convert(nvarchar(35),MAX(t.date),106) as LastCompleted,
Convert(nvarchar(35),DATEADD(YY,m.[Frequency of training],MAX(t.date)),106) 
as RenewalDate,
Case when DATEADD(YY,m.[Frequency of training],MAX(t.date)) > getdate() then 
'In Date'
else 'Out of date' end as [Compliant]
from lookup l join training t on l.FirstName = t.forename and l.Surname = 
t.surname
left join Mandatory m on m.[Course Title] = t.module and m.[Job Role] = l. 
[Job Role]
where  t.module in ('Customer Care','Equality and Diversity','Fire 
Safety','Infection Control (Non Clinical)','Information Governance','Moving 
and Handling (Non Clinical)',
'Prevent','Safeguarding Adults (Level 1)','Basic Life 
Support','Chaperoning','Consent','On Call Training','Safeguarding Children 
(Level 3)','Infection Control (Clinical)',
'Moving and Handling (Clinical)')
group by l.[employee id],
l.firstname,
l.surname,
l.[job role],
l.manager,
t.module,
l.location,
m.[Frequency of training],
m.mandatory

请注意，您需要在针对视图的查询中包含 ORDER BY，而不是在视图中。

未创建视图

View isn't getting created

sql

sql-server

sql-server-2008

sql-view