ASP.NET 核心 CORS 请求被阻止;为什么我的 API 没有应用正确的 headers?

ASP.NET Core CORS request blocked; why doesn't my API apply the right headers?

正在尝试设置带有身份验证的 CORS。我在 http://localhost:61000 and a consuming web application up at http://localhost:62000 上有一个 Web API 站点。在网络 API Startup.cs 中,我有:

 public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
 {
        services.AddCors(o => o.AddPolicy("MyPolicy", corsBuilder =>
        {
            corsBuilder.WithOrigins("http://localhost:62000")
                .AllowAnyMethod()
                .AllowAnyHeader()
                .AllowCredentials();
        }));
        IMvcBuilder builder = services.AddMvc();
        // ...
}

// ...

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
{
        app.UseCors("MyPolicy");
        app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
        app.UseDefaultFiles();
        app.UseStaticFiles();
        app.UseMvc();
}

所有文档似乎都表明这应该是我所需要的。在我的应用程序 Javascript 中,我调用:

    $.ajax({
        type: 'POST',
        url: "http://localhost:61000/config/api/v1/MyStuff",
        data: matchForm.serialize(),
        crossDomain: true,
        xhrFields: { withCredentials: true },
        success: function (data) {
            alert(data);
        }
    });

然后我进入 Chrome:Failed to load http://localhost:61000/config/api/v1/MyStuff: No 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' header is present on the requested resource. Origin 'http://localhost:62000' is therefore not allowed access.

...在 Firefox 中:Cross-Origin Request Blocked: The Same Origin Policy disallows reading the remote resource at http://localhost:61000/config/api/v1/MyStuff. (Reason: CORS header ‘Access-Control-Allow-Origin’ missing).

我错过了什么?这应该是我启用 CORS 所需的全部,我想,但显然还缺少其他东西。

对于 ASP.NET Core 2.1 及更早版本:

我的代码似乎有错误,但我注意到了模糊的错误,而不是 ASP.NET-generated 错误页面。事实证明,CORS headers 一开始确实正确应用, 但随后它们被剥离掉任何 ASP.NET middleware-generated 错误 。另见 https://github.com/aspnet/Home/issues/2378 .

我用那个 link 来弄清楚这个 class

using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;

namespace MySite.Web.Middleware
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Reinstates CORS headers whenever an error occurs.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>ASP.NET strips off CORS on errors; this overcomes this issue,
    ///  explained and worked around at https://github.com/aspnet/Home/issues/2378 </remarks>
    public class MaintainCorsHeadersMiddleware
    {
        public MaintainCorsHeadersMiddleware(RequestDelegate next)
        {
            _next = next;
        }
        private readonly RequestDelegate _next;

        public async Task Invoke(HttpContext httpContext)
        {
            // Find and hold onto any CORS related headers ...
            var corsHeaders = new HeaderDictionary();
            foreach (var pair in httpContext.Response.Headers)
            {
                if (!pair.Key.ToLower().StartsWith("access-control-")) { continue; } // Not CORS related
                corsHeaders[pair.Key] = pair.Value;
            }

            // Bind to the OnStarting event so that we can make sure these CORS headers are still included going to the client
            httpContext.Response.OnStarting(o => {
                var ctx = (HttpContext)o;
                var headers = ctx.Response.Headers;
                // Ensure all CORS headers remain or else add them back in ...
                foreach (var pair in corsHeaders)
                {
                    if (headers.ContainsKey(pair.Key)) { continue; } // Still there!
                    headers.Add(pair.Key, pair.Value);
                }
                return Task.CompletedTask;
            }, httpContext);

            // Call the pipeline ...
            await _next(httpContext);
        }
    }
}

然后我将它添加到 Startup.cs 中的站点配置中:

    public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
    {
        app.UseCors(...);
        app.UseMiddleware<MaintainCorsHeadersMiddleware>();

        ...
        app.UseMvc();
    }

在我的例子中,CORS headers 丢失了,因为我正在发出 "application/json" 内容类型请求,在 CORS 中,这种类型的请求首先发送一个 OPTIONS 方法,然后,常规 POST 请求。但是 OPTIONS 是由我的 .Net Core 管道中的中间件代码管理的,如下所示:

        if (context.Request.Method == "OPTIONS")
        {
            context.Response.StatusCode = (int)HttpStatusCode.OK;
            await context.Response.WriteAsync(string.Empty);
        } 

一旦我删除了中间件,这些请求就得到了完美的处理。

ASP.NET 核心 2.2.0 答案

此问题现在 fixed。即使抛出异常并返回 500 响应,现在也会返回 CORS headers。

ASP.NET 核心 <= 2.1.0 答案

当抛出异常并返回 500 响应时,CORS Headers 从响应中剥离。

我在使用 OWIN 中间件的 Web API 项目中遇到了同样的问题,错误的包版本导致了 API 端的错误(隐藏在客户端,因为 CORS headers 在响应中被剥离,这掩盖了原始错误)。我实现了一个与你类似的解决方案,在这里分享,因为我在网上找不到任何使用 OWIN 的类似示例:

using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Owin;
using Microsoft.Owin;
using Microsoft.Owin.Cors;

namespace App_Server
{
    using AppFunc = Func<IDictionary<string, object>, Task>;
    partial class Startup
    {
        public void Configuration(IAppBuilder app)
        {
            app.UseCors(CorsOptions.AllowAll);
            app.Use(new Func<AppFunc, AppFunc>(RetainHeaders));
            ....
            (other startup tasks)
        }

        private AppFunc RetainHeaders(AppFunc next)
        {
            AppFunc appFunc = async (IDictionary<string, object> context) =>
            {
                IOwinContext httpContext = new OwinContext(context);
                var corsHeaders = new HeaderDictionary(new Dictionary<string, string[]>());

                foreach (var pair in httpContext.Response.Headers)
                {
                    if (!pair.Key.ToLower().StartsWith("access-control-")) { continue; } //not a CORS header
                    corsHeaders[pair.Key] = pair.Value.First();
                }

                httpContext.Response.OnSendingHeaders(o =>
                {
                    var localcontext = new OwinContext((IDictionary<string, object>)o);
                    var headers = localcontext.Response.Headers;
                    //make sure headers are present, and if not, add them back
                    foreach (var pair in corsHeaders)
                    {
                        if (headers.ContainsKey(pair.Key)) { continue; }
                        headers.Add(pair.Key, pair.Value);
                    }
                }, context);

                await next.Invoke(context);
            };
            return appFunc;
        }
}

考虑到用于 .Net 的 OWIN 包的文档记录很差,这是一个相当复杂的过程,所以我希望它能帮助遇到它的其他人寻找解决方案。