所有 constexpr 变量都隐式内联吗?

Are all constexpr variable implicitly inline?

我在玩弄自动模板参数,令我惊讶的是这段代码没有编译:

constexpr auto bar = 2;

template<auto& T>
struct Foo {
    auto operator()() const { return T; }
};

int main() {
    Foo<bar> b;
    b();
}

Visual Studio 15.7(预览版 4)吐出这些错误:

error C2970: 'Foo': template parameter 'T': 'bar': an expression involving objects with internal linkage cannot be used as a non-type argument
 note: see declaration of 'Foo'
 note: see declaration of 'bar'
error C2440: 'specialization': cannot convert from 'int' to 'int &'
 note: see reference to class template instantiation 'Foo<0>' being compiled
error C2973: 'Foo': invalid template argument 'int'
 note: see declaration of 'Foo'

然后,添加inline后,错误消失了!

constexpr inline auto bar = 2;

我认为 constexpr 变量是隐含的 inline。此外,这如何影响我的变量 bar 的链接?

Are all constexpr variable implicitly inline?

没有。只有 constexpr 函数和 constexpr 静态数据成员是隐式内联的 ([dcl.constexpr]/1)。

Also, how does that affect the linkage of my variable bar?

constexpr 变量是 const ([dcl.constexpr]/9). A non-inline const variable that is not explicitly declared extern has internal linkage ([basic.link]/3)。