@WebMvcTest 测试中的 UnsatisfiedDependencyException class
UnsatisfiedDependencyException in a @WebMvcTest test class
我将@Service 添加到控制器后,我的单元测试失败了。
该项目是Spring-boot v 2.0.1.RELEASE。我花了很多时间试图找到答案,但没有运气。该测试在我添加 @Service 注释之前有效,并且我的服务 class 中有一个存储库。
堆栈跟踪:
2018-04-24 12:57:12.487 WARN 940 --- [ main]
o.s.w.c.s.GenericWebApplicationContext : Exception encountered
during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt:
org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException:
Error creating bean with name 'fleetController': Unsatisfied
dependency expressed through field 'service'; nested exception is
org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No
qualifying bean of type 'uk.co.vw.lead.service.ContactUsService'
available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire
candidate. Dependency annotations:
{@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
控制器:
@Slf4j
@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = VERSION, consumes = MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED_VALUE)
public class FleetController {
public static final String VERSION = "1.0";
@Autowired
private ContactUsService service;
@InitBinder
public void initBinder(final WebDataBinder webDataBinder) {
webDataBinder.registerCustomEditor(NatureOfEnquiryEnum.class, new NatureOfEnquiryEnumConverter());
webDataBinder.registerCustomEditor(FleetSizeEnum.class, new FleetSizeEnumConverter());
}
@PostMapping(value = "/fleet/contact-us")
public ResponseEntity contactUs(@Valid ContactUsDTO formDTO) {
service.createForm(formDTO);
return new ResponseEntity(HttpStatus.NO_CONTENT);
}
@PostMapping(value = "/fleet/request-demo")
public ResponseEntity requestDemo(@Valid RequestDemoDTO demoDTO) {
return new ResponseEntity(HttpStatus.NO_CONTENT);
}
服务:
@Service
public class ContactUsServiceImpl implements ContactUsService {
@Autowired
private FleetRepository repository;
@Override
public void createForm(ContactUsDTO formDTO) {
ContactUsForm form = populateContactUsForm(formDTO);
repository.save(form);
}
}
测试class:
@RunWith(JUnitPlatform.class)
@WebMvcTest(FleetController.class)
@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
public class FleetControllerTest {
private final String CONTACT_US_URL = "/fleet/contact-us";
@Autowired
private MockMvc mockMvc;
@MockBean
private FleetRepository repository;
@Autowired
private ContactUsService service;
@Test
public void contactUsSuccessTest() throws Exception {
this.mockMvc.perform( post("/" + VERSION + CONTACT_US_URL)
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED_VALUE)
.param("firstname", "John")
.param("lastname", "Doe")
.param("company", "Skynet")
.param("emailAddress", "john.connor@sky.net")
.param("telephone", "020 8759 4294")
.param("natureOfEnquiry", "new")
.param("comments", "some comments")
.param("recaptchaResponse", "success"))
.andExpect(status().isNoContent());
}
@Test
public void contactUsMissingRequiredFieldsTest() throws Exception {
this.mockMvc.perform( post("/1.0/fleet/contact-us")
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED_VALUE))
.andExpect(status().isBadRequest());
}
}
请帮忙,我不知道发生了什么。
用 @WebMvcTest
注释的 class 测试是 仅 关注 Spring MVC 组件的测试:控制器。
因此无法自动连接单元测试中声明的服务字段:
@Autowired
private ContactUsService service;
所以你也应该模拟这个依赖:
@MockBean
private ContactUsService service;
另请注意,由于 FleetController
与 FleetRepository
没有任何直接依赖关系,因此不需要模拟此 bean:
@MockBean
private FleetRepository repository;
更糟糕的是,它在上下文中添加了一个模拟,可能会在您的测试期间产生副作用。
您只需模拟被测控制器的直接依赖项。
作为替代方案,如果您只想模拟一些 bean 而不是所有不是控制器的 bean,请不要使用 @WebMvcTest
而不是使用 @SpringBootTest
来加载整个上下文。
然后在测试 class 中声明你想用 @MockBean
.
模拟的 class(es)
我将@Service 添加到控制器后,我的单元测试失败了。 该项目是Spring-boot v 2.0.1.RELEASE。我花了很多时间试图找到答案,但没有运气。该测试在我添加 @Service 注释之前有效,并且我的服务 class 中有一个存储库。
堆栈跟踪:
2018-04-24 12:57:12.487 WARN 940 --- [ main] o.s.w.c.s.GenericWebApplicationContext : Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'fleetController': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'service'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'uk.co.vw.lead.service.ContactUsService' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
控制器:
@Slf4j
@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = VERSION, consumes = MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED_VALUE)
public class FleetController {
public static final String VERSION = "1.0";
@Autowired
private ContactUsService service;
@InitBinder
public void initBinder(final WebDataBinder webDataBinder) {
webDataBinder.registerCustomEditor(NatureOfEnquiryEnum.class, new NatureOfEnquiryEnumConverter());
webDataBinder.registerCustomEditor(FleetSizeEnum.class, new FleetSizeEnumConverter());
}
@PostMapping(value = "/fleet/contact-us")
public ResponseEntity contactUs(@Valid ContactUsDTO formDTO) {
service.createForm(formDTO);
return new ResponseEntity(HttpStatus.NO_CONTENT);
}
@PostMapping(value = "/fleet/request-demo")
public ResponseEntity requestDemo(@Valid RequestDemoDTO demoDTO) {
return new ResponseEntity(HttpStatus.NO_CONTENT);
}
服务:
@Service
public class ContactUsServiceImpl implements ContactUsService {
@Autowired
private FleetRepository repository;
@Override
public void createForm(ContactUsDTO formDTO) {
ContactUsForm form = populateContactUsForm(formDTO);
repository.save(form);
}
}
测试class:
@RunWith(JUnitPlatform.class)
@WebMvcTest(FleetController.class)
@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
public class FleetControllerTest {
private final String CONTACT_US_URL = "/fleet/contact-us";
@Autowired
private MockMvc mockMvc;
@MockBean
private FleetRepository repository;
@Autowired
private ContactUsService service;
@Test
public void contactUsSuccessTest() throws Exception {
this.mockMvc.perform( post("/" + VERSION + CONTACT_US_URL)
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED_VALUE)
.param("firstname", "John")
.param("lastname", "Doe")
.param("company", "Skynet")
.param("emailAddress", "john.connor@sky.net")
.param("telephone", "020 8759 4294")
.param("natureOfEnquiry", "new")
.param("comments", "some comments")
.param("recaptchaResponse", "success"))
.andExpect(status().isNoContent());
}
@Test
public void contactUsMissingRequiredFieldsTest() throws Exception {
this.mockMvc.perform( post("/1.0/fleet/contact-us")
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED_VALUE))
.andExpect(status().isBadRequest());
}
}
请帮忙,我不知道发生了什么。
用 @WebMvcTest
注释的 class 测试是 仅 关注 Spring MVC 组件的测试:控制器。
因此无法自动连接单元测试中声明的服务字段:
@Autowired
private ContactUsService service;
所以你也应该模拟这个依赖:
@MockBean
private ContactUsService service;
另请注意,由于 FleetController
与 FleetRepository
没有任何直接依赖关系,因此不需要模拟此 bean:
@MockBean
private FleetRepository repository;
更糟糕的是,它在上下文中添加了一个模拟,可能会在您的测试期间产生副作用。
您只需模拟被测控制器的直接依赖项。
作为替代方案,如果您只想模拟一些 bean 而不是所有不是控制器的 bean,请不要使用 @WebMvcTest
而不是使用 @SpringBootTest
来加载整个上下文。
然后在测试 class 中声明你想用 @MockBean
.