多个 JavaScript 按钮简化为一个功能

Question

我有三个按钮和三个 JS 函数来切换三个不同 div 的显示。如何 simplify/condense 我的三个 JS 函数变成一个函数，将每个按钮连接到其相应的内容？

示例：

HTML 按钮

<button onclick="myFunction1()">Button 1</button>
<button onclick="myFunction2()">Button 2</button>
<button onclick="myFunction3()">Button 3</button>

HTML内容

<div id="ContentOne">This is Content One.</div>
<div id="ContentTwo">This is Content Two.</div>
<div id="ContentThree">This is Content Three.</div>

JavaScript

function myFunction1() {
    var x = document.getElementById("ContentOne");
    if (x.style.display === "none") {
        x.style.display = "block";
    } else {
        x.style.display = "none";
    }
}

function myFunction2() {
    var x = document.getElementById("ContentTwo");
    if (x.style.display === "none") {
        x.style.display = "block";
    } else {
        x.style.display = "none";
    }
}

function myFunction3() {
    var x = document.getElementById("ContentThree");
    if (x.style.display === "none") {
        x.style.display = "block";
    } else {
        x.style.display = "none";
    }
}

Answer 1

您可以使用高阶函数。

function generateFunction(elementId) {
    return function() {
        var x = document.getElementById(elementId);
        if (x.style.display === "none") {
            x.style.display = "block";
        } else {
            x.style.display = "none";
        }  
    }
}

var myFunction1 = generateFunction("ContentOne");
var myFunction2 = generateFunction("ContentTwo");
var myFunction3 = generateFunction("ContentThree");

Answer 2

向压缩函数中添加一个参数 et violà！

function myFunction(id) {
  var x = document.getElementById(id);
  if (x.style.display === "none") {
    x.style.display = "block";
  } else {
    x.style.display = "none";
  }
}

<button onclick="myFunction('ContentOne')">Button 1</button>
<button onclick="myFunction('ContentTwo')">Button 2</button>
<button onclick="myFunction('ContentThree')">Button 3</button>

<div id="ContentOne">This is Content One.</div>
<div id="ContentTwo">This is Content Two.</div>
<div id="ContentThree">This is Content Three.</div>

说明

函数内部唯一不同的部分是ID，所以解耦ID。该函数不需要知道哪个元素会受到样式调整的影响。所以保留函数 "dump".

进一步学习：Anti-Patterns

如果你有兴趣改进你的编程风格，我建议你看一些反模式。例如，您演示了 hard coding 的反模式。它并没有你想象的那么不典型。

Answer 3

内联 JS 很难维护。
我将使用仅包含一行 CSS 的代码来隐藏元素，
并使用 JS 简单地 切换 .hide class:

const toggleEl = e => document.getElementById(e.target.dataset.tog).classList.toggle("hide");

[...document.querySelectorAll("[data-tog]")].forEach( btn =>
    btn.addEventListener("click", toggleEl)
);

.hide { display: none;}

<button data-tog="ContentOne">Button 1</button>
<button data-tog="ContentTwo">Button 2</button>
<button data-tog="ContentThree">Button 3</button>

<div class="hide" id="ContentOne">This is Content One.</div>
<div class="hide" id="ContentTwo">This is Content Two.</div>
<div class="hide" id="ContentThree">This is Content Three.</div>

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Element/classList

如果您愿意，这里有一个 ES5 示例：

function toggleEl() {
  var id = this.getAttribute("data-tog");
  document.getElementById(id).classList.toggle("hide");
}

var buttons = document.querySelectorAll("[data-tog]");
[].forEach.call(buttons, function( btn ) {
  btn.addEventListener("click", toggleEl.bind(btn))
});

.hide { display: none;}

<button data-tog="ContentOne">Button 1</button>
<button data-tog="ContentTwo">Button 2</button>
<button data-tog="ContentThree">Button 3</button>

<div class="hide" id="ContentOne">This is Content One.</div>
<div class="hide" id="ContentTwo">This is Content Two.</div>
<div class="hide" id="ContentThree">This is Content Three.</div>

多个 JavaScript 按钮简化为一个功能

Multiple JavaScript Buttons Simplified Into One Function

javascript

html

button

simplify

说明

进一步学习：Anti-Patterns