SCHED_DEADLINE 是否在 Ubuntu 16.04 中得到官方支持?

Is SCHED_DEADLINE officially supported in Ubuntu 16.04?

目前我是 运行 Ubuntu 16.04,linux 内核版本为 4.16。我编写了一个虚拟程序,将其调度程序更改为 SCHED_DEADLINE。但是当我试图编译它时,它找不到 SCHED_DEADLINE 所需的结构和宏的定义。大部分代码片段取自 here(第 24 页)。下面是测试程序:

#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdlib.h> 
#include <stdio.h> 
#include <string.h> 
#include <sched.h> 


int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {

    struct sched_attr attr;
    attr.size = sizeof(attr);
    attr.sched_policy = SCHED_DEADLINE;
    attr.sched_runtime = 30000000;
    attr.sched_period = 100000000;
    attr.sched_deadline = attr.sched_period;
    if (sched_setattr(gettid(), &attr, 0))
        perror("sched_setattr()");

    return 0;
}

这是编译的输出:

sched_deadline.c: In function ‘main’:
sched_deadline.c:11:20: error: storage size of ‘attr’ isn’t known
  struct sched_attr attr;
                    ^
sched_deadline.c:12:21: error: invalid application of ‘sizeof’ to incomplete type ‘struct attr’
  attr.size = sizeof(struct attr);
                     ^
sched_deadline.c:13:22: error: ‘SCHED_DEADLINE’ undeclared (first use in this function)
  attr.sched_policy = SCHED_DEADLINE;

我的 gcc 版本:

gcc version 5.4.0 20160609 (Ubuntu 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.9)

然而,official website中发布的示例代码对我有用,但示例代码手动定义了程序中所有需要的宏和系统调用。我的目标是在不添加这些定义的情况下编译应用程序,这些定义应该已经包含在最新的内核版本中。看到很多地方说Linux3.14.10之后正式支持SCHED_DEADLINE,升级内核会自动解决这个问题。

我尝试过的事情:

我也查看了社区中的其他帖子,但所有这些问题都是针对较早的 linux(3.14.10 之前)。

您需要包括 #include <linux/sched.h>

但对于sched_setattr()gettid()的定义,请参阅@CraigEstey

发布的link

原因在于,glibc 不会添加 linux 特定系统调用的函数包装器。 例如 gettid(),在手册中我们可以读到:

Note: There is no glibc wrapper for this system call; see NOTES.

Glibc does not provide a wrapper for this system call; call it using syscall(2). The thread ID returned by this call is not the same thing as a POSIX thread ID

看看这篇文章:https://lwn.net/Articles/711058/

#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/syscall.h>
#include <sched.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <sys/types.h>

struct sched_attr {
    uint32_t size;

    uint32_t sched_policy;
    uint64_t sched_flags;

    /* SCHED_NORMAL, SCHED_BATCH */
    int32_t sched_nice;

    /* SCHED_FIFO, SCHED_RR */
    uint32_t sched_priority;

    /* SCHED_DEADLINE (nsec) */
    uint64_t sched_runtime;
    uint64_t sched_deadline;
    uint64_t sched_period;
};

int sched_setattr(pid_t pid, const struct sched_attr *attr, unsigned int flags)
{
   return syscall(__NR_sched_setattr, pid, attr, flags);
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {

    struct sched_attr attr = {
        .size = sizeof(attr),
        .sched_policy = SCHED_DEADLINE,
        .sched_runtime = 30000000,
        .sched_period = 100000000,
        .sched_deadline = 100000000
    };

    pid_t tid = syscall(SYS_gettid);

    if (sched_setattr(tid, &attr, 0))
        perror("sched_setattr()");

    return 0;
}

或者更短的代码,不用重新定义struct sched_attr

#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/syscall.h>
#include <linux/sched/types.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <sys/types.h>

int sched_setattr(pid_t pid, const struct sched_attr *attr, unsigned int flags)
{
   return syscall(__NR_sched_setattr, pid, attr, flags);
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {

    struct sched_attr attr = {
        .size = sizeof(attr),
        .sched_policy = SCHED_DEADLINE,
        .sched_runtime = 30000000,
        .sched_period = 100000000,
        .sched_deadline = 100000000
    };

    pid_t tid = syscall(SYS_gettid);

    if (sched_setattr(tid, &attr, 0))
        perror("sched_setattr()");

    return 0;
}

但是这个需要用root执行,否则我得到sched_setattr(): Operation not permitted 或者应用程序需要具有正确的 linux 功能。