使用 callback/anonymous 函数迭代

Question

我是 Node.JS 和高级 Javascript 的新手，但我正在尝试自己构建一个日程管理器应用程序，但我遇到了一个问题（我稍后会详细说明） ) 尝试执行以下代码时：

router.get('/', function (req, res) {
var day = new Date(req.query.day);
Location.getLocations(function (err, locations) {
    if (locations.length > 0) {
        var i;
        for (i = 0; i < locations.length; i++) {
            var location = locations[i];
            Appointment.getAppointments(day, location, function (err, appointments) {
                if (err) throw err;
                if (appointments.length == 0) {
                    // CREATE APPOINTMENTS
                    for (var j = location.available_time_start; j <= location.available_time_end; j += location.appointment_duration) {
                        var newAppointment = new Appointment();

                        newAppointment.start_date = new Date(day.getFullYear(), day.getMonth() + 1, day.getDate(), j);
                        newAppointment.appointment_duration = location.appointment_duration;
                        newAppointment.location = location.id;
                        newAppointment.booked = false;
                        newAppointment.locked = false;

                        Appointment.createAppointment(newAppointment, function (err, appointment) {
                            if (err) throw err;
                            console.log(appointment.location + ' - ' + appointment.start_date);
                        });
                    }
                }
            });
        }
    } else {
        // THERE ARE NO LOCATIONS
    }

    res.render('appointments', { locations: locations });
});

问题是：
当我尝试迭代 locations 对象然后执行 getAppointments 函数时，代码并未在此时执行。后来，当它被执行时，location 对象总是相同的（迭代不起作用），导致意外的结果（所有约会都在 same/last 位置）。

我尝试使用 IIFE（立即调用的函数表达式）立即执行代码，但是当我这样做时我无法获得 appointments 回调对象并且我的逻辑也被破坏了。

提前致谢！

Answer 1

问题已通过使用 let 而不是 @JaromandaX 建议的 var 解决。

Answer 2

您的代码似乎在保存约会，但没有对保存的约会做任何事情（您在改变地点吗？）。

当保存约会出错时，请求者不知道它，因为 createAppointment 是异步的，并且在回调被回调时 res.render('appointments', { locations: locations }); 已经执行。

您可以尝试将基于回调的函数转换为承诺：

const asPromise = (fn,...args) =>
  new Promise(
    (resolve,reject)=>
      fn.apply(undefined,
        args.concat(//assuming one value to resole
          (err,result)=>(err)?reject(err):resolve(result)
        )
      )
  );
const savedAppointmentsForLocation = (day,location,appointments) => {
  const savedAppointments = [];
  if (appointments.length == 0) {
    // CREATE APPOINTMENTS
    for (var j = location.available_time_start; j <= location.available_time_end; j += location.appointment_duration) {
      var newAppointment = new Appointment();
      newAppointment.start_date = new Date(day.getFullYear(), day.getMonth() + 1, day.getDate(), j);
      newAppointment.appointment_duration = location.appointment_duration;
      newAppointment.location = location.id;
      newAppointment.booked = false;
      newAppointment.locked = false;
      savedAppointments.push(
        asPromise(
          Appointment.createAppointment.bind(Appointment),
          newAppointment
        )
      );
    }
  }
  //you are not doing anything with the result of the saved appointment
  //  I'll save it as promise to see if something went wrong to indicate
  //  to the requestor of the api that something went wrong
  return Promise.all(savedAppointments);
}

router.get('/', function (req, res) {
  var day = new Date(req.query.day);
  asPromise(Location.getLocations.bind(Location))
  .then(
    locations=>
      promise.all(
        locations.map(
          location=>
            asPromise(Appointment.getAppointments.bind(Appointment),[day,location])
            .then(appointments=>[location,appointments])
        )
      )
  )
  .then(
    results=>//results should be [ [location,[appointment,appointment]],...]
      Promise.all(
        results.map(
          ([location,appointments])=>
            savedAppointmentsForLocation(day,location,appointments)
            .then(ignoredSavedAppointment=>location)
        )
      )
  )
  .then(locations=>res.render('appointments', { locations: locations }))
  .catch(
    error=>{
      console.log("something went wrong:",error);
      res.status(500).send("Error in code");
    }
  )
});

使用 callback/anonymous 函数迭代

Iterating with callback/anonymous functions

javascript

schedule

iife