Django 并发编辑

Django concurrency editing

我对我的并发编辑功能应该如何实现以及在何处实现有点困惑,以至于无法执行 Mutex 并发编辑。我的代码:

models.py

class Order(models.Model):
    edit_version = models.IntegerField(default=0, editable=True) # For concurrency editing 

    ### Added for concurrency with 2 or more users wanting to edit the same form ###
    locked = models.BooleanField(default = False)
    def lock_edit(self):
        self.locked = True
        print ("locked_1: {0}".format(self.locked)) #Test purposes only
        super().save() # what's this doing exctly??

    def save_edit(self):
        self.locked = False
        print ("locked_2: {0}".format(self.locked)) #Test purposes only
        super().save()

view.py

@permission_required('myapp.edit_order', fn=objectgetter(Order, 'id'))
def edit_order(request,id = None):
    """
    """
    order = Order.objects.get(id=id)
    print ("order: {0}".format(order))
    print ("EDIT_VERSION: {0}".format(order.edit_version))

    if settings.USE_LOCKS:
        print("order.locked: {0}".format(order.locked))
        order.lock_edit()
        #order.locked = False # only to force the else clause for testing
        if order.locked:
            print ("Editing this form is prohibited because another user has already locked it.")
            messages.info(request, 'Editing this form is prohibited because another user has already locked it.') # TODO: Pop-up and redirect necessary
            return HttpResponseRedirect('/sanorder')
            #raise ConcurrencyEditUpdateError #Define this somewhere
        else:
            print ("Order lock is False")
            order.lock_edit()
            print("order.locked_new: {0}".format(order.locked))
            updated = Order.objects.filter(edit_version=order.edit_version).update(edit_version=order.edit_version+1)
            print ("UPDATED: {0}".format(updated))
            print ("EDIT_VERSION_NEW: {0}".format(order.edit_version))
            #return Order.objects.filter(edit_version=order.edit_version).update(edit_version=order.edit_version+1)
            return updated > 0



        ### Here are further functions in the form executed ###


        if updated > 0: # For concurrency editing
        order.save_edit()

    return render(request, 'myapp/order_edit.html',
        {'order':order,
            'STATUS_CHOICES_ALREADY_REVIEWED': dSTATUS_CHOICES_ALREADY_REVIEWED,
            'bolError': bolError,
            'formQuorum': formQuorum,
            'formCustomer': formCustomer,
            'formInfo': formInfo,

        })

目的是,用户可以访问和编辑特定表单,但前提是没有其他人正在编辑它。否则,用户会看到一条弹出消息并被重定向到主页。当用户编辑时,锁被触发并在提交表单时释放。在这种情况下,这与行有关:

    if updated > 0: # For concurrency editing
    order.save_edit()

但是这不起作用。我哪里错了?目的是应该是一个相对简单的 Mutex 实现。我正在尝试按照给出的示例 here

我在你的代码中看到的主要问题是,除了保存 - 你似乎没有在任何地方释放锁(另外,我认为你的缩进在原始 post 中被破坏了,但这无关紧要,因为我可以猜到意图)。

为了正确实施锁定,IMO 您至少需要注意以下几点:

  • 谁锁定了模型实例
  • 锁什么时候过期

锁在这种情况下如何工作的一般想法是:

  • 如果您是第一个启动该版本的用户 - 锁定模型实例
  • 如果你是锁的所有者,你可以编辑锁(这是为了防止原编辑不小心关闭了标签,想再次继续编辑)
  • 如果您不是锁的所有者并且锁尚未过期,则无法编辑模型
  • 如果您不是锁的所有者,但锁已过期,您可以对其进行编辑(现在您是锁的所有者)。

因此,伪实现如下所示:

型号:

class Order(models.Model):
    LOCK_EXPIRE = datetime.timedelta(minutes=3)

    locked_by = models.ForeignKey(User, null=True, blank=True)
    lock_expires = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)

    def lock(self, user):
        self.locked_by = user
        self.lock_expires = datetime.datetime.now() + self.LOCK_EXPIRE
        self.save()

    def unlock(self):
        self.locked_by = None
        self.lock_expires = None
        self.save()

    def can_edit(self, user):
        return self.locked_by == user or self.lock_expires < datetime.datetime.now()

观点:

def edit_order(request, order_id = None):
    with transaction.atomic():
        # get_object_or_404 is just to avoid redundant '404' handling
        # .select_for_update() should put a database lock on that particular
        # row, preventing a race condition from happening
        order = get_object_or_404(Order.objects.select_for_update(), id=order_id)

        if not order.can_edit(request.user):
            raise Http403

        order.lock(request.user)

    # Handle form logic
    order.unlock()
    order.save()

为了进一步改进,您可以创建一个简单的 locking 端点并在您的网站上放置一些 JavaScript 代码,这些代码将持续(例如每分钟)锁定订单版本,这应该保持订单锁定,直到锁定它的人关闭他的标签。或者(可能比上面的更好)是警告用户他的锁即将到期以及他是否想延长它 - 这取决于你。