Flutter:Widget 和导航的生命周期

Flutter: Lifecycle of a Widget and Navigation

我写了一个 flutter 插件,可以显示相机预览和扫描条形码。我有一个名为 ScanPageWidget,它显示 CameraPreview 并在检测到条形码时导航到新的 Route

问题: 当我将新路线 (SearchProductPage) 推送到导航堆栈时,CameraController 会继续检测条形码。当 ScanPage 从屏幕上移除时,我需要在我的 CameraController 上调用 stop()。当用户 returns 转到 ScanPage.

时,我需要再次调用 start()

我试过的: CameraController 实现 WidgetsBindingObserver 并对 didChangeAppLifecycleState() 作出反应。当我按下主页按钮时,这非常有效,但当我将新的 Route 推送到导航堆栈时却没有。

问题: 在 Flutter 中,iOS 上的 viewDidAppear()viewWillDisappear() 或 Android 上的 onPause()onResume() 是否与 Widgets 等价?如果没有,我如何启动和停止我的 CameraController 以便它在导航堆栈顶部有另一个 Widget 时停止扫描条形码?

class ScanPage extends StatefulWidget {

  ScanPage({ Key key} ) : super(key: key);

  @override
  _ScanPageState createState() => new _ScanPageState();

}

class _ScanPageState extends State<ScanPage> {

  //implements WidgetsBindingObserver
  CameraController controller;

  @override
  void initState() {

    controller = new CameraController(this.didDetectBarcode);
    WidgetsBinding.instance.addObserver(controller);

    controller.initialize().then((_) {
      if (!mounted) {
        return;
      }
      setState(() {});
    });
  }

  //navigate to new page
  void didDetectBarcode(String barcode) {
      Navigator.of(context).push(
          new MaterialPageRoute(
            builder: (BuildContext buildContext) {
              return new SearchProductPage(barcode);
            },
          )
      );    
  }

  @override
  void dispose() {
    WidgetsBinding.instance.removeObserver(controller);
    controller?.dispose();
    super.dispose();
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {

    if (!controller.value.initialized) {
      return new Center(
        child: new Text("Lade Barcodescanner..."),
      );
    }

    return new CameraPreview(controller);
  }
}

编辑:

/// Controls a device camera.
///
///
/// Before using a [CameraController] a call to [initialize] must complete.
///
/// To show the camera preview on the screen use a [CameraPreview] widget.
class CameraController extends ValueNotifier<CameraValue> with WidgetsBindingObserver {

  int _textureId;
  bool _disposed = false;

  Completer<Null> _creatingCompleter;
  BarcodeHandler handler;

  CameraController(this.handler) : super(const CameraValue.uninitialized());

  @override
  void didChangeAppLifecycleState(AppLifecycleState state) {

    switch(state){
      case AppLifecycleState.inactive:
        print("--inactive--");
        break;
      case AppLifecycleState.paused:
        print("--paused--");
        stop();
        break;
      case AppLifecycleState.resumed:
        print("--resumed--");
        start();
        break;
      case AppLifecycleState.suspending:
        print("--suspending--");
        dispose();
        break;
    }
  }

  /// Initializes the camera on the device.
  Future<Null> initialize() async {

    if (_disposed) {
      return;
    }
    try {
      _creatingCompleter = new Completer<Null>();
      _textureId = await BarcodeScanner.initCamera();

      print("TextureId: $_textureId");

      value = value.copyWith(
        initialized: true,
      );
      _applyStartStop();
    } on PlatformException catch (e) {
      value = value.copyWith(errorDescription: e.message);
      throw new CameraException(e.code, e.message);
    }

    BarcodeScanner._channel.setMethodCallHandler((MethodCall call){
      if(call.method == "barcodeDetected"){
        String barcode = call.arguments;
        debounce(2500, this.handler, [barcode]);
      }
    });

    _creatingCompleter.complete(null);
  }

  void _applyStartStop() {
    if (value.initialized && !_disposed) {
      if (value.isStarted) {
        BarcodeScanner.startCamera();
      } else {
        BarcodeScanner.stopCamera();
      }
    }
  }

  /// Starts the preview.
  ///
  /// If called before [initialize] it will take effect just after
  /// initialization is done.
  void start() {
    value = value.copyWith(isStarted: true);
    _applyStartStop();
  }

  /// Stops the preview.
  ///
  /// If called before [initialize] it will take effect just after
  /// initialization is done.
  void stop() {
    value = value.copyWith(isStarted: false);
    _applyStartStop();
  }

  /// Releases the resources of this camera.
  @override
  Future<Null> dispose() {
    if (_disposed) {
      return new Future<Null>.value(null);
    }
    _disposed = true;
    super.dispose();
    if (_creatingCompleter == null) {
      return new Future<Null>.value(null);
    } else {
      return _creatingCompleter.future.then((_) async {
        BarcodeScanner._channel.setMethodCallHandler(null);
        await BarcodeScanner.disposeCamera();
      });
    }
  }
}

在调用 pop() 时,我导航到另一个页面并重新启动它之前停止了 controller

//navigate to new page
void didDetectBarcode(String barcode) {
   controller.stop();
   Navigator.of(context)
       .push(...)
       .then(() => controller.start()); //future completes when pop() returns to this page

}

另一种解决方案是将打开 ScanPageroutemaintainState 属性 设置为 false

也许您可以覆盖小部件的 dispose 方法并让您的控制器在其中停止。 AFAIK,这将是一个很好的处理方式,因为 flutter 会在您每次处理小部件时 'automatically' 停止它,因此您不必自己密切关注何时启动或停止相机。

顺便说一句,我需要一个带有实时预览功能的 barcode/QR-code 扫描仪。您介意在 git(或 zip)上分享您的插件吗?

谢谢,这太有用了!

我还需要 ViewDidAppear 的等价物。我最后做的是从这里获取 "resumed" 状态,然后检查构建函数。

这意味着我的检查将在应用程序返回前台以及加载时调用。

当然需要设置布尔值以确保 Build-Check 只被调用一次,而不是每次重新加载视图时都被调用。

对于我的应用程序,我实际上希望它每天只发生一次,但这可以很容易地调整为每次应用程序加载发生一次。当应用程序暂停/退出时,必须重置被检查的布尔值。

(pseudocode, greatly reduced, still in progress)

bool hasRunViewDidAppearThisAppOpening = false;

@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
  _viewDidAppear();

  ...
}

@override
void didChangeAppLifecycleState(AppLifecycleState state) {
  super.didChangeAppLifecycleState(state);
  if (state == AppLifecycleState.resumed) {
    _viewDidAppear();
  } else {
    hasRunViewDidAppearThisAppOpening = false;
  }
}

Future<void> _viewDidAppear() async {
  if (!hasRunViewDidAppearThisAppOpening) {
    hasRunViewDidAppearThisAppOpening = true;
    // Do your _viewDidAppear code here
  }
}

您还可以使用 FocusDetector 包,它是您可以获得的最接近“viewDidAppear”和“onResume”的包。

https://pub.dev/packages/focus_detector