无法在未安装的组件上调用 setState(或 forceUpdate)

Can't call setState (or forceUpdate) on an unmounted component

我试图在组件更新后从服务器获取数据,但我无法做到这一点。据我了解 componentWillUnmount 是在组件即将被销毁时调用的,但我从不需要销毁它所以它对我没用。什么是解决方案?我应该什么时候设置状态?

async componentDidUpdate(prevProps, prevState) {
  if (this.props.subject.length && prevProps.subject !== this.props.subject) {
    let result = await this.getGrades({
      student: this.props.id,
      subject: this.props.subject
    });
    this.setState({
      subject: this.props.subject,
      grades: result
    });
  }
}

async getGrades(params) {
  let response, body;

  if (params['subject'].length) {
    response = await fetch(apiRequestString.gradesBySubject(params));
    body = await response.json();
  } else {
    response = await fetch(apiRequestString.grades(params));
    body = await response.json();
  }

  if (response.status !== 200) throw Error(body.message);

  return body;
}

完整错误:

Warning: Can't call setState (or forceUpdate) on an unmounted component. This is a no-op, 
but it indicates a memory leak in your application. To fix, cancel all subscriptions and
asynchronous tasks in the componentWillUnmount method.

我在这个例子中使用的一个常见模式是

componentWillUnmount() {
    this.isCancelled = true;
}

然后在等待异步函数解析的代码中,您将在设置状态之前添加检查:

async componentDidUpdate(prevProps, prevState) {
    if (this.props.subject.length && prevProps.subject !== this.props.subject) {
        let result = await this.getGrades({
            student: this.props.id,
            subject: this.props.subject
        });
        !this.isCancelled && this.setState({
            subject: this.props.subject,
            grades: result
        });
    }
}

这将停止 unmounted/unmounting 组件上的任何状态设置

接受的答案有效,并且是在组件渲染方法(getInitialState、componentWillMount、componentDidMount)中调用异步函数问题的有效解决方法。

但更好的做法是使用 Redux 和 Flux 等状态管理助手和全局存储,这可能会避免多个 setStates 的问题。