使用 AppDomain 将 dll 动态加载和卸载到我的项目中

Load and unload a dll dynamically into my project using AppDomain

我想在当前项目的单独解决方案中动态地使用来自不同项目的 class。我认为解决方案是将 dll 加载到我的项目中。我使用以下代码来完成我的任务并且它有效。

string dllPath = @"the path of my dll";
var DLL = Assembly.LoadFile(dllPath);
foreach (Type type in DLL.GetExportedTypes())
{
      if (type.Name == "targetClassName")
      {
          var c = Activator.CreateInstance(type);
          try
          {
              type.InvokeMember("myMethod", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, c, new object[] { "Params" });
          }
          catch(Exception ex)
          {
             MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
          }
          break;
      }
}

但是,我现在的问题是我想卸载dll,我不能卸载,因为Assembly中没有unload方法。我找到的解决方案是必须使用AppDomain来加载程序集,然后再卸载。

现在我的主要问题是。我不断收到 FileNotFoundException。这是我的代码:

public class ProxyDomain : MarshalByRefObject
{
    public Assembly GetAssembly(string assemblyPath)
    {
        try
        {
            return Assembly.LoadFrom(assemblyPath);
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            throw new InvalidOperationException(ex.Message);
        }
    }
}

private void BuildButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    string dllPath = @"DllPath";
    string dir = @"directory Path of the dll";
    AppDomainSetup domaininfo = new AppDomainSetup();
    domaininfo.ApplicationBase = System.Environment.CurrentDirectory;
    Evidence adevidence = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.Evidence;
    AppDomain domain = AppDomain.CreateDomain("MyDomain", adevidence, domaininfo);

    Type Domtype = typeof(ProxyDomain);
    var value = (ProxyDomain)domain.CreateInstanceAndUnwrap(
         Domtype.Assembly.FullName,
         Domtype.FullName);

    var DLL = value.GetAssembly(dllPath);

    // Then use the DLL object as before
}

最后一行出现以下异常Could not load file or assembly 'dll, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null' or one of its dependencies. The system cannot find the file specified.

我已经尝试了关于此 link 的解决方案,但对我来说没有任何效果...我总是遇到同样的异常。之后我想卸载域,但我无法解决第一个加载dll的问题。如何修复我的代码?

编辑

当我将预期的 dll 复制到我的项目的同一个 bin 文件夹中时,它可以工作。但是,我不想在我的项目中复制 dll。有没有办法从它的路径加载它而不将它复制到我的 bin 文件夹?

您在代理域中定义了一个 GetAssembly 方法,它将加载的 Assembly 拉入主域。这使整个概念变得毫无意义,因为即使您卸载代理域,您的主域最终也会被加载的程序集污染。

不要返回程序集,只需在您的代理域中使用它即可。如果您想将一些信息推回主域,您必须传递简单的可序列化类型(或从 MarshalByRefObject 派生的远程对象),以便主域保持干净。

你应该这样做:

// This class provides callbacks to the host app domain.
// This is optional, you need only if you want to send back some information
public class DomainHost : MarshalByRefObject
{
    // sends any object to the host. The object must be serializable
    public void SendDataToMainDomain(object data)
    {
        Console.WriteLine($"Hmm, some interesting data arrived: {data}");
    }

    // there is no timeout for host
    public override object InitializeLifetimeService() => null;
}

您的代理应如下所示:

class AssemblyLoader : MarshalByRefObject
{
    private DomainHost host;

    public void Initialize(DomainHost host)
    {
        // store the remote host here so you will able to use it to send feedbacks
        this.host = host;
        host.SendData("I am just being initialized.")
    }

    // of course, if your job has some final result you can have a return value
    // and then you don't even may need the DomainHost.
    // But do not return any Type from the loaded dll (not mentioning the whole Assembly).
    public void DoWork()
    {
        host.SendData("Work started. Now I will load some dll.");
        // TODO: load and use dll
        host.SendData(42);

        host.SendData("Job finished.")
    }
}

用法:

var domain = AppDomain.CreateDomain("SandboxDomain");
var loader = (AssemblyLoader)domain.CreateInstanceAndUnwrap(typeof(AssemblyLoader).Assembly.FullName, typeod(AssemblyLoader).FullName);

// pass the host to the domain (again, this is optional; just for feedbacks)
loader.Initialize(new DomainHost());

// Start the work.
loader.DoWork();

// At the end, you can unload the domain
AppDomain.Unload(domain);

最后 FileNotFoundException 本身:

AppDomain 中,您只能加载程序集,这些程序集位于主域的相同文件夹或子文件夹中。在设置对象中使用它代替 Environment.CurrentDirectory

var setup = new AppDomainSetup
{
    ApplicationBase = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory,
    PrivateBinPath = Path.GetDirectoryName(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location)
};

如果您真的想从任何位置加载程序集,请将其加载为 byte[]:

var dll = Assembly.Load(File.ReadAllBytes(fullPathToDll));