WCF 从 XML 接收空模型

Question

我们有一个定义了 class 的 WCF 服务（class 是使用 http://xmltocsharp.azurewebsites.net/ 从 XML 自动生成的）：

namespace CRMtoQLM.DAL
{
    [Serializable]
    [DataContract(Namespace = "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/")]
    public class Envelope
    {
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "Body", Namespace = "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/")]
    [DataMember]
    public Body Body { get; set; }
    [XmlAttribute(AttributeName = "soapenv", Namespace = "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/")]
    [DataMember]
    public string Soapenv { get; set; }
    [XmlAttribute(AttributeName = "xsd", Namespace = "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/")]
    [DataMember]
    public string Xsd { get; set; }
    [XmlAttribute(AttributeName = "xsi", Namespace = "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/")]
    [DataMember]
    public string Xsi { get; set; }
}

//[Serializable]
[XmlRoot(ElementName = "Body", Namespace = "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/")]
[DataContract(Namespace = "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/")]
public class Body
{
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "notifications", Namespace = "http://soap.sforce.com/2005/09/outbound")]
    [DataMember]
    public Notifications Notifications { get; set; }
}

//[Serializable]
[XmlRoot(ElementName = "notifications", Namespace = "http://soap.sforce.com/2005/09/outbound")]
[DataContract(Namespace = "http://soap.sforce.com/2005/09/outbound")]
public class Notifications
{
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "OrganizationId", Namespace = "http://soap.sforce.com/2005/09/outbound")]
    [DataMember]
    public string OrganizationId { get; set; }
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "ActionId", Namespace = "http://soap.sforce.com/2005/09/outbound")]
    [DataMember]
    public string ActionId { get; set; }
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "SessionId", Namespace = "http://soap.sforce.com/2005/09/outbound")]
    [DataMember]
    public string SessionId { get; set; }
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "EnterpriseUrl", Namespace = "http://soap.sforce.com/2005/09/outbound")]
    [DataMember]
    public string EnterpriseUrl { get; set; }
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "PartnerUrl", Namespace = "http://soap.sforce.com/2005/09/outbound")]
    [DataMember]
    public string PartnerUrl { get; set; }
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "Notification", Namespace = "http://soap.sforce.com/2005/09/outbound")]
    [DataMember]
    public Notification Notification { get; set; }
    [XmlAttribute(AttributeName = "xmlns")]
    [DataMember]
    public string Xmlns { get; set; }
}

//[Serializable]
[XmlRoot(ElementName = "Notification", Namespace = "http://soap.sforce.com/2005/09/outbound")]
[DataContract(Namespace = "http://soap.sforce.com/2005/09/outbound")]
public class Notification
{
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "Id", Namespace = "http://soap.sforce.com/2005/09/outbound")]
    [DataMember]
    public string Id { get; set; }
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "sObject", Namespace = "http://soap.sforce.com/2005/09/outbound")]
    [DataMember]
    public SObject SObject { get; set; }
}

//[Serializable]
[XmlRoot(ElementName = "sObject", Namespace = "http://soap.sforce.com/2005/09/outbound")]
[DataContract(Namespace = "http://soap.sforce.com/2005/09/outbound")]
public class SObject
{
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "Id", Namespace = "urn:sobject.enterprise.soap.sforce.com")]
    [DataMember]
    public string Id { get; set; }
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "Asset_Account_City__c", Namespace = "urn:sobject.enterprise.soap.sforce.com")]
    [DataMember]
    public string Asset_Account_City__c { get; set; }
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "Asset_Account_Country__c", Namespace = "urn:sobject.enterprise.soap.sforce.com")]
    [DataMember]
    public string Asset_Account_Country__c { get; set; }
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "Asset_Account_Name__c", Namespace = "urn:sobject.enterprise.soap.sforce.com")]
    [DataMember]
    public string Asset_Account_Name__c { get; set; }
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "Asset_Customer_ID__c", Namespace = "urn:sobject.enterprise.soap.sforce.com")]
    [DataMember]
    public string Asset_Customer_ID__c { get; set; }
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "Expiration_Date__c", Namespace = "urn:sobject.enterprise.soap.sforce.com")]
    [DataMember]
    public string Expiration_Date__c { get; set; }
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "License__c", Namespace = "urn:sobject.enterprise.soap.sforce.com")]
    [DataMember]
    public string License__c { get; set; }
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "Reader_Code__c", Namespace = "urn:sobject.enterprise.soap.sforce.com")]
    [DataMember]
    public string Reader_Code__c { get; set; }
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "Reader_Quantity__c", Namespace = "urn:sobject.enterprise.soap.sforce.com")]
    [DataMember]
    public string Reader_Quantity__c { get; set; }
    [XmlAttribute(AttributeName = "type", Namespace = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance")]
    [DataMember]
    public string Type { get; set; }
    [XmlAttribute(AttributeName = "sf", Namespace = "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/")]
    [DataMember]
    public string Sf { get; set; }
}
}

IService.cs 定义如下：

    [OperationContract]
    [WebInvoke(Method = "POST",
    UriTemplate = "Test",
    RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Xml)]
    //[XmlSerializerFormat]
    string Test(Envelope parameter);

和实施：

    public string Test(Envelope parameter)
    {
        return "";
    }

但 Test 函数中的 "parameter" 包含 NULL 对象。我知道 XML 反序列化存在问题，但无法确定具体位置。

编辑：这是我通过 Postman 发送的请求

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" 
xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" 
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<soapenv:Body>
<notifications xmlns="http://soap.sforce.com/2005/09/outbound">
<OrganizationId>123456</OrganizationId>
<ActionId>123456</ActionId>
<SessionId>123456</SessionId>
<EnterpriseUrl>https://eu8.salesforce.com/</EnterpriseUrl>
<PartnerUrl>https://eu8.salesforce.com/</PartnerUrl>
<Notification>
<Id>123456</Id>
<sObject xsi:type="sf:Asset" xmlns:sf="urn:sobject.enterprise.soap.sforce.com">
 <sf:Id>123456</sf:Id>
 <sf:Asset_Account_City__c>123456</sf:Asset_Account_City__c>
 <sf:Asset_Account_Country__c>123456</sf:Asset_Account_Country__c>
 <sf:Asset_Account_Name__c>123456</sf:Asset_Account_Name__c>
 <sf:Asset_Customer_ID__c>123456</sf:Asset_Customer_ID__c>
 <sf:Expiration_Date__c>123456</sf:Expiration_Date__c>
 <sf:License__c>123456</sf:License__c>
 <sf:Reader_Code__c>123456</sf:Reader_Code__c>
 <sf:Reader_Quantity__c>123456</sf:Reader_Quantity__c>
</sObject>
</Notification>
</notifications>
</soapenv:Body>
</soapenv:Envelope>

Answer 1

基于 SOAP 的绑定会为您解压 SOAP 信封，因此您不需要定义 SOAP 信封类型。您说您正在使用的 WebHttpBinding 对 SOAP 一无所知，它会期望合同类型（您的服务方法 IService.Test 的参数）会匹配整个 HTTP 主体，所以我明白了逻辑你在做什么，但我认为没有必要像这样反对框架。

要解决此问题，请执行以下操作：

修改 IService.Test 的实现以采用 Notifications 类型的参数
- string Test(Notifications notifications)
修改服务配置以指定基于 HTTP 的 SOAP 绑定，可能是 BasicHttpBinding
- <endpoint address="/relativeaddress/" binding="basicHttpBinding" ... />
我认为 SOAP 绑定可能会忽略 WebInvokeAttribute，但为了安全起见，请将其删除。它对于 SOAP 绑定来说是多余的，因为 SOAP 总是 POST.

我认为您不需要删除 Envelope 和 Body 类型，但如果它们未被引用，它们将不会执行任何操作，这正是您想要的。 WCF 绑定本机理解 SOAP 信封，不需要指定它，需要为其提供类型的是 SOAP Body 元素的内容。

您的 XML 示例在 Notifications 下包含 Notification 的单个实例，但名称暗示此子元素可能会重复 - 如果是，我不认为generated classes 会为你工作，因为 Notifications class 有一个单数 Notification 属性 - 你链接到的生成器无法知道这个所以我不要以任何方式指责它。我添加了一个 Notification 元素的副本作为兄弟元素，并再次运行它 - 这次它生成了一个列表成员：

[XmlElement(ElementName="Notification", Namespace="http://soap.sforce.com/2005/09/outbound")]
public List<Notification> Notification { get; set; }

您可以使用 Visual Studio（我认为）随附的 xsd.exe 工具来生成 classes - 请参阅 the documentation。如果该 Web 工具在幕后推动这一点，我不会感到惊讶，但我相信 xsd.exe 生成的 class 尽可能符合 WCF 对它们的期望。

WCF 从 XML 接收空模型

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