为什么连接字符串不适用于 EF 迁移?

Why won't connection string work for EF migration?

我已经创建了一个用于 NuGet Gallery 实现的数据库。我可以在 sql manager 2012 中看到数据库,并且可以使用我的连接字符串从我编写的测试程序中访问它。但是,当我尝试 运行 包管理器控制台中的 Update-Database 命令以让 EF 设置数据库时,我不断收到错误消息:"The server was not found or was not accessible.".

这里有更多详细信息:

PM> Update-Database -Verbose

Using StartUp project 'NuGetGallery.Operations'. 
Using NuGet project 'NuGetGallery'. 
Specify the '-Verbose' flag to view the SQL statements being applied to the target database. 

System.Data.ProviderIncompatibleException: 
An error occurred while getting provider information from the database. 
This can be caused by Entity Framework using an incorrect connection string.
Check the inner exceptions for details and ensure that the connection string is correct. ---> 

System.Data.ProviderIncompatibleException: The provider did not return a ProviderManifestToken string. ---> 

System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException: A network-related or instance-specific error occurred while establishing a connection to SQL Server. The server was not found or was not accessible. Verify that the instance name is correct and that SQL Server is configured to allow remote connections. (provider: SQL Network Interfaces, error: 26

- Error Locating Server/Instance Specified)    at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlInternalConnection.OnError(SqlException exception, Boolean breakConnection, Action`1 wrapCloseInAction)    at System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.ThrowExceptionAndWarning(TdsParserStateObject stateObj, Boolean callerHasConnectionLock, Boolean asyncClose)

这是我在 NuGet Gallery MVC 站点中的连接字符串:

    <add name="Gallery.SqlServer" connectionString="Server=(localdb)\v11.0;Database=NuGetGallery11;User ID=testuser;Password=notmyrealpassword;Connect Timeout=60" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient"/>

这是我的测试程序。两个应用程序中的连接字符串相同。

            var sqlConnection2 = new SqlConnection(ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["Gallery.SqlServer"].ConnectionString);
        sqlConnection2.Open();
        using (sqlConnection2) {
            var sqlCmd = new SqlCommand("select * from Foo", sqlConnection2);

            var foo = sqlCmd.ExecuteReader();
            while (foo.Read()) {
                int id = foo.GetInt32(0);
                var name = foo.GetString(1);
                var email = foo.GetString(2);

                Console.WriteLine("ID:{0}, Name:{1}, Email:{2}", id, name, email);

            }
        }
        Console.Read();

如有任何帮助,我们将不胜感激。谢谢!

您的问题是 EntityFramework 不知道您的连接字符串名为 Gallery.SqlServer...

以下是如何从头开始设置 entity framework...

  1. 使用管理权限打开 VS (谨慎)
  2. 新建一个Console application
  3. 打开包管理器控制台
    • 输入:`PM> Install-Package EntityFramework
  4. 打开App.Config文件

    • 添加以下内容

      <connectionStrings>
        <add name="Gallery.SqlServer" connectionString="Server=(localdb)\v11.0;Database=GalleryExample;" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient"/>
      </connectionStrings>
      
  5. 创建一个名为 Foo

    的新 class
    public class Foo
    {
        public Foo()
        {
            this.Id = Guid.NewGuid()
                          .ToString();
        }
    
        public string Id { get; set; }
    }
    
  6. 创建一个名为 EfContext

    的新 class
    public class EfContext : DbContext
    {
        public EfContext()
            : base("Gallery.SqlServer")
        {
    
        }
        public DbSet<Foo> Foos { get; set; }
    }
    
  7. 再次打开包管理器控制台

    • PM> 启用迁移
    • PM> 添加迁移 InitialMigration
    • PM> 更新数据库
  8. 享受你的新数据库....

我的问题在另一个 post here 中得到了解决。您必须在管理器控制台中设置默认项目并为解决方案设置启动项目,以便更新命令找到连接字符串以及 Aydin 所说的内容,但在这种情况下,该部分已经为我设置了。