从具有每日数据的数据框中绘制每月时间序列

Question

我有一个从 2014 年 1 月 1 日到 2012 年 12 月 31 日期间纽约市每天发生的机动车事故的数据集。我想在单个图中绘制受伤骑车人和驾车者数量的时间序列。

我的数据是这样的：

    Date      Time   Location   Cyclists injured  Motorists injured
2014-1-1     12:05      Bronx                  0                  1
2014-1-1     12:34      Bronx                  1                  2
2014-1-2      6:05      Bronx                  0                  0
2014-1-3      8:01      Bronx                  1                  2
2014-1-3     12:05  Manhattan                  0                  1
2014-1-3     12:56  Manhattan                  0                  2

依此类推，直到 2014 年 12 月 31 日。

现在要为此绘制月度时间序列，我知道我首先需要计算每个月的每个总和，然后绘制月度总计。但是我不知道怎么办。

我使用这段代码使用了聚合函数，但是它给出了每天而不是每月的总和。请帮忙

cyclist <- aggregate(NUMBER.OF.CYCLIST.INJURED ~ DATE, data = final_data,sum)

谢谢:)

Answer 1

Mannat 这里是一个使用data.table 包帮助你聚合的答案。使用 install.packages(data.table) 首先将其放入您的 R.

library(data.table)

# For others
#   I copied your data into a csv file, Mannat you will not need this step,
#   other helpers look at data in DATA section below 
final_data <- as.data.table(read.csv(file.path(mypath, "SOaccidents.csv"),
                                     header = TRUE,
                                     stringsAsFactors = FALSE))
# For Mannat
# Mannat you will need to convert your existing data.frame to data.table
final_data <- as.data.table(final_data)

# check data formats, dates are strings 
# and field is Date not DATE
str(final_data)

final_data$Date <- as.Date(final_data$Date, "%m/%d/%Y")

# use data table to aggregate on months 
# First lets add a field plot date with Year and Month YYYYMM 201401
final_data[, PlotDate := as.numeric(format(Date, "%Y%m"))] 

# key by this plot date
setkeyv(final_data, "PlotDate")

# second we aggregate with by , and label columns
plotdata <- final_data[, .(Cyclists.monthly  = sum(Cyclists.injured), 
                           Motorists.monthly = sum(Motorists.injured)), by = PlotDate]

#   PlotDate Cyclists.monthly Motorists.monthly
#1:   201401                2                 8

# You can then plot this (makes more sense with more data)
# for example, for cyclists
plot(plotdata$PlotDate, plotdata$Cyclists.monthly)

Mannat如果你不熟悉data.table，请看cheatsheet

数据

对于希望从事此工作的其他人。这是 dput 的结果：

final_data <- data.table(Date = c("01/01/2014", "01/01/2014", "01/01/2014", 
                        "01/01/2014", "1/19/2014", "1/19/2014"), 
                        Time = c("12:05", "12:34","06:05", "08:01", "12:05", "12:56"),
                        Location = c("Bronx", "Bronx","Bronx", "Bronx", 
                            "Manhattan", "Manhattan"),
                        Cyclists.injured = c(0L, 1L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L),
                        Motorists.injured = c(1L, 2L, 0L, 2L, 1L, 2L))

情节

要么使用ggplot2包

或者对于绘图，请参阅 Plot multiple lines (data series) each with unique color in R 以获得绘图帮助。

# I do not have your full data so one point line charts not working
# I needed another month for testing, so added a fake February
testfeb <- data.table(PlotDate = 201402, Cyclists.monthly = 4,
                      Motorists.monthly = 10)
plotdata <- rbindlist(list(plotdata, testfeb))

# PlotDate  Cyclists.monthly    Motorists.monthly
#1  201401                 2                    8
#2  201402                 4                   10

# Plot code, modify the limits as you see fit
plot(1, type = "n",
     xlim = c(201401,201412), 
     ylim = c(0, max(plotdata$Motorists.monthly)),
     ylab = 'monthly accidents',
     xlab = 'months')

lines(plotdata$PlotDate, plotdata$Motorists.monthly, col = "blue")
lines(plotdata$PlotDate, plotdata$Cyclists.monthly, col = "red")

# to add legend
legend(x = "topright", legend = c("Motorists","Cyclists"),
       lty=c(1,1,1), lwd=c(2.5,2.5,2.5), 
       col=c("blue", "red"))
# or set legend inset x to another position e.g. "bottom" or "bottomleft"

从具有每日数据的数据框中绘制每月时间序列

Plot monthly Time series from a data frame with daily data

r

plot

time-series

legend

数据

情节