使用 jq + bash 将 json 转换为 ini 文件

Question

我正在尝试将 json（对象数组）转换为 ini 文件：

[
  {
    "connection": {
      "id": "br0",
      "uuid": "ab1dd903-4786-4c7e-a4b4-3339b144d6c7",
      "stable-id": "",
      "type": "bridge",
      "interface-name": "br0",
      "autoconnect": "no",
      "autoconnect-priority": "0",
      "autoconnect-retries": "-1",
      "auth-retries": "-1",
      "timestamp": "44444",
      "read-only": "no",
      "permissions": "",
      "zone": "WAN",
      "master": "",
      "slave-type": "",
      "autoconnect-slaves": "1",
      "secondaries": "",
      "gateway-ping-timeout": "0",
      "metered": "unknown",
      "lldp": "default"
    },
    "ipv4": {
      "method": "manual",
      "dns": "192.168.1.1,192.168.2.1",
      "dns-search": "",
      "dns-options": " ",
      "dns-priority": "0",
      "addresses": "192.168.1.3/24",
      "gateway": "",
      "routes": "192.168.10.0/24 192.168.1.1",
      "route-metric": "-1",
      "route-table": "0",
      "ignore-auto-routes": "no",
      "ignore-auto-dns": "no",
      "dhcp-client-id": "",
      "dhcp-timeout": "0",
      "dhcp-send-hostname": "yes",
      "dhcp-hostname": "",
      "dhcp-fqdn": "",
      "never-default": "no",
      "may-fail": "yes",
      "dad-timeout": "-1"
    }
  },
  {
    "connection": {
      ...
    },
  }
]

或

  {
    "connection": {
      ...
    },
  }

我尝试做的是：

1.将 json 转换为字符串

data=$(jq -r 'def keyValue:  to_entries[] | "[\(.key)]\n\(.value | to_entries|map("\(.key)=\(.value)" ) | join("\n") )\n"; if type == "array" then keys[] as $k | "\(.[$k] | .connection.id)=\(.[$k] | keyValue)" elif type == "object" then "\(.connection.id)=\(. | keyValue)" else keys end' /tmp/json)

提供：

br1=[connection]\nid=br1\nuuid=ab1dd903-4786-4c7e-a4b4-3339b144d6c7\nstable-id=\ntype=fff\ninterface-name=br0\nautoconnect=no\nautoconnect-priority=0\nautoconnect-retries=-1\nauth-retries=-1\ntimestamp=1525494904\nread-only=no\npermissions=\nzone=WAN\nmaster=\nslave-type=\nautoconnect-slaves=1\nsecondaries=\ngateway-ping-timeout=0\nmetered=unknown\nlldp=default\n
br1=[802-3-ethernet]\nport=\nspeed=0\nduplex=\nauto-negotiate=no\nmac-address=\ncloned-mac-address=\ngenerate-mac-address-mask=\nmac-address-blacklist=\nmtu=1500\ns390-subchannels=\ns390-nettype=\ns390-options=\nwake-on-lan=default\nwake-on-lan-password=\n....

2。遍历 bash

中的字符串

while IFS="=" read -r key value; do [ "$oldkey" = "$key" ] && echo -en "$value" >> "/tmp/ini/$key" || echo -en "$value" > "/tmp/ini/$key" ; oldkey="$key"; done <<< "$data"

给出：

[connection]
id=br1
uuid=ab1dd903-4786-4c7e-a4b4-3339b144d6c7
stable-id=
type=fff
interface-name=br0
autoconnect=no
autoconnect-priority=0
autoconnect-retries=-1
auth-retries=-1
timestamp=1525494904
read-only=no
permissions=
zone=WAN
master=
slave-type=
autoconnect-slaves=1
secondaries=
gateway-ping-timeout=0
metered=unknown
lldp=default
[ipv4]
method=manual
dns=192.168.1.1,192.168.2.1
dns-search=
dns-options= 
dns-priority=0
addresses=192.168.1.3/24
gateway=
routes=192.168.10.0/24 192.168.1.1
route-metric=-1
route-table=0
ignore-auto-routes=no
ignore-auto-dns=no
dhcp-client-id=
dhcp-timeout=0
dhcp-send-hostname=yes
dhcp-hostname=
dhcp-fqdn=
never-default=no
may-fail=yes
dad-timeout=-1

我快到了！但是有没有可能做到更多 "elegantly" 和更高效的方式，避免管道、外部调用等

注：而且，大部分应该用jq+bash，因为其他处理工具如sed，awk比我做的慢，但是我不完全拒绝他们 =)

P.S. - 此转换的主要目的是快速 "bulk operation" 写入 ini 文件

Answer 1

要将所示的数组转换为“.ini”格式，只需使用此 jq 程序即可完成：

def kv: to_entries[] | "\(.key)=\(.value)";

.[]
| to_entries[]
| "[\(.key)]", (.value|kv)

将其放入文件中，例如 program.jq，然后假设问题中显示的 JSON（减去“...”部分）在 input.json 中，以下调用：

jq -rf program.jq input.json

生成相应的“.ini”文件。

如果你想保证程序也能处理没有封闭数组的情况，你可以修改上面主程序中的第一行来测试输入是否是一个数组，这样你就可以了:

if type == "array" then .[] else . end
| to_entries[]
| "[\(.key)]", (.value|kv)

Answer 2

如果最终目标是生成多个 .ini 文件，那么我们可以重用 def kv，如其他答案中所定义：

def kv: to_entries[] | "\(.key)=\(.value)";

驱动程序现在是：

.[]
| [to_entries[] | "[\(.key)]", (.value|kv)]
| join("\n")

运行 jq 然后用这个程序为数组中的每一项生成一个 JSON 字符串。使用该示例，第一个这样的字符串将是：

"[connection]\nid=br0\nuuid=ab1dd903-4786-4c7e-a4b4-3339b144d6c7\nstable-id=\ntype=bridge\ninterface-name=br0\nautoconnect=no\nautoconnect-priority=0\nautoconnect-retries=-1\nauth-retries=-1\ntimestamp=44444\nread-only=no\npermissions=\nzone=WAN\nmaster=\nslave-type=\nautoconnect-slaves=1\nsecondaries=\ngateway-ping-timeout=0\nmetered=unknown\nlldp=default\n[ipv4]\nmethod=manual\ndns=192.168.1.1,192.168.2.1\ndns-search=\ndns-options= \ndns-priority=0\naddresses=192.168.1.3/24\ngateway=\nroutes=192.168.10.0/24 192.168.1.1\nroute-metric=-1\nroute-table=0\nignore-auto-routes=no\nignore-auto-dns=no\ndhcp-client-id=\ndhcp-timeout=0\ndhcp-send-hostname=yes\ndhcp-hostname=\ndhcp-fqdn=\nnever-default=no\nmay-fail=yes\ndad-timeout=-1"

然后您可以遍历这些以换行符分隔的字符串。

使用 jq + bash 将 json 转换为 ini 文件

Transform json to ini files using jq + bash

json

bash

jq

ini