无法安装 OpenFST Python 扩展

Question

我试图根据 this 指南安装 OpenFST Python 扩展。这样做有两种选择。
第一个选项是在配置 OpenFst 期间发出 --enable-python，我尝试过但失败了。
所以我选择了第二个选项。我使用这些命令成功安装了 OpenFST：

./configure --enable-far
make
sudo make install

然后我尝试用 pip 安装 PyPi 包 openfst:
pip install openfst
并收到以下错误：

Collecting openfst
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/cc/6b/cc05392480e2232e176be895b9ca2b9f4a5f153f99ab276b37d440b3bace/openfst-1.6.6.tar.gz
Building wheels for collected packages: openfst
  Running setup.py bdist_wheel for openfst ... error
  Complete output from command /home/arif/anaconda3/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-install-7y6dl6o2/openfst/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" bdist_wheel -d /tmp/pip-wheel-zadciiwk --python-tag cp36:
  running bdist_wheel
  running build
  running build_ext
  building 'pywrapfst' extension
  creating build
  creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6
  gcc -pthread -B /home/arif/anaconda3/compiler_compat -Wl,--sysroot=/ -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I/home/arif/anaconda3/include/python3.6m -c pywrapfst.cc -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6/pywrapfst.o -std=c++11 -Wno-unneeded-internal-declaration -Wno-unused-function
  cc1plus: warning: command line option ‘-Wstrict-prototypes’ is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++
  pywrapfst.cc:557:40: fatal error: fst/extensions/far/getters.h: No such file or directory
  compilation terminated.
  error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

  ----------------------------------------
  Failed building wheel for openfst
  Running setup.py clean for openfst
Failed to build openfst
Installing collected packages: openfst
  Running setup.py install for openfst ... error
    Complete output from command /home/arif/anaconda3/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-install-7y6dl6o2/openfst/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-record-3niypfz6/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:
    running install
    running build
    running build_ext
    building 'pywrapfst' extension
    creating build
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6
    gcc -pthread -B /home/arif/anaconda3/compiler_compat -Wl,--sysroot=/ -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I/home/arif/anaconda3/include/python3.6m -c pywrapfst.cc -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6/pywrapfst.o -std=c++11 -Wno-unneeded-internal-declaration -Wno-unused-function
    cc1plus: warning: command line option ‘-Wstrict-prototypes’ is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++
    pywrapfst.cc:557:40: fatal error: fst/extensions/far/getters.h: No such file or directory
    compilation terminated.
    error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

    ----------------------------------------
Command "/home/arif/anaconda3/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-install-7y6dl6o2/openfst/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-record-3niypfz6/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-install-7y6dl6o2/openfst/

谁能帮我解决这个问题？

我在 Linux Mint 18.3 中使用 python 3.6 (anaconda) 和 OpenFST-1.5.4。

Answer 1

这里有两个问题。

首先，据我所知，尽管有记录，pip install 方法确实不受支持，甚至预计不会起作用。 Kyle Gorman（我认为他是主要作者之一）在多个论坛主题上发表了评论，回复如下：

"Using pip for this doesn't make much sense, and that's out of date anyways."

"There's no reason to call pip. The version up there is not compatible with arbitrary OpenFst versions. If you do --enable-python then make and make install, you have already installed pywrapfst for whatever version of OpenFst you're building."

其次，尽管说它适用于“任何 Python 2.7 或更高版本”，但实际上它只适用于 Python 2.7：

"Before submitting you may want to test Python 3 with the Python extension. We still develop on Python 2.7, exclusively, unfortunately, and it's not tested on Python 3."

事实上，这正是您尝试使用 --enable-python 失败的原因：

checking for a version of Python >= '2.1.0'...   File "<string>", line 1
    import sys, string;         ver = string.split(sys.version)[0];     print ver >= '2.1.0'
                                                                        ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
no

他们对 Python 2.1 或更高版本的 autoconf 测试使用的语法在 Python 3 中是非法的。而且它没有很好的错误处理，所以需要 SyntaxError这意味着您的 Python 是 2.0 或更早版本，因此它会中止配置。

如果您进一步查看同一主题，用户 NurL 发布了：

After a lot of tweaks to the configuration file and Makefile I managed to successfully install the Python extension for Python 3. See this Dockerfile: https://gist.github.com/0xnurl/6f97eb39409ea48db31fe315fd1e208f

我显然不能保证这是否有效。

而且，除非您使用与 NurL 完全相同的目标，否则您将不得不通读那个巨大的 RUN wget 命令行，将其分解成多个步骤，然后自己执行等效的步骤。

可能有 NurL 没有运行解决的问题，您会解决的。（我强烈建议在安装之前或之后至少运行ning 2to3 处理结果代码，以确保它找不到任何东西。）

但这与您可能获得开箱即用的东西一样接近，因为您尝试做的事情不受支持。如果你不能从那里让它自己工作，你可能就是不能使用这个库。

无法安装 OpenFST Python 扩展

Unable to install OpenFST Python extension

python

openfst