如何优化这个查询?慢查询

How to optimize this query? Slow query

您好,我正在尝试优化此查询。 如果时间范围内有很多事务,则在我的本地环境中执行最多可能需要 10 秒。 我试图在 created_at 列上创建一个索引,但如果 table 中有很多行(我的 table 只有 4m 行),它并不能解决问题。 有人可以推荐一些优化技巧吗?

select 
   count(*) as total,
   trader_id 
from 
  (select * 
   from `transactions`
   where `created_at` >= '2018-05-04 10:54:00'
   order by `id` desc)
  as `transactions`
 where
   `transactions`.`market_item_id` = 1
    and `transactions`.`market_item_id` is not null
    and `gift` = 0
 group by `trader_id`;

编辑:

id  select_type table   partitions  type    possible_keys   key key_len ref rows    filtered    Extra

1   SIMPLE  transactions    NULL    range   transactions_market_item_id_foreign,transactions_trader_id_foreign,transactions_created_at_index    transactions_created_at_index   5   NULL    107666  2.41    Using index condition; Using where; Using MRR; Using temporary; Using filesort

删除(不必要的)内部查询:

select 
  count(*) as total,
  trader_id 
from transactions
where created_at >= '2018-05-04 10:54:00'
and market_item_id = 1
and gift = 0
group by trader_id

备注:

  • 删除了不必要的内部查询,增加了成本,大量增加了临时存储要求和使用,并阻止了任何索引使用其他条件
  • 删除了 order by,这会花费很多但对结果的影响为零
  • 删除了 market_item_id is not null 条件,因为 market_item_id = 1 已经断言
  • 删除了反引号,因为我不喜欢它们

更好的 Bohemian 查询版本在这里 -

SELECT count(*) as total
      ,trader_id
FROM `transactions`
WHERE `created_at` >= '2018-05-04 10:54:00'
AND `market_item_id` = 1
AND `gift` = 0
GROUP BY `trader_id`