使用 python3 套接字连接到 Web 服务器
Connect to web server using python3 socket
我是 运行 Python3 运行 Django 在本地主机上听 http://127.0.0.1:8000/
我想用不同的方式测试它，比如 request 和 socket
import requests
res = requests.request("GET", "http://127.0.0.1:8000/")
txt = res.content
print(res)
res.close()
# <Response [200]>
运行良好，并且
在我的 运行 Django 控制台上，它显示 [07/Jul/2018 16:04:26] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 6744
现在 requests 改为 socket
import socket
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(('127.0.0.1', 8000))
msg = b'GET / HTTP/1.1'
s.send(msg)
print(s)
s.close()
# <socket.socket fd=1324, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 55312), raddr=('127.0.0.1', 8000)>
我的程序没有错误显示
但我的 运行 Django 控制台出现以下异常
Invalid HTTP_HOST header: 'tony.jhou-1.xxservice.com:8000'. You may need to add 'tony.jhou-1.xxservice.com:8000' to ALLOWED_HOSTS.
[07/Jul/2018 16:08:10] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 400 63266
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 138, in run
self.finish_response()
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 180, in finish_response
self.write(data)
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 274, in write
self.send_headers()
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 332, in send_headers
self.send_preamble()
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 255, in send_preamble
('Date: %s\r\n' % format_date_time(time.time())).encode('iso-8859-1')
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 453, in _write
result = self.stdout.write(data)
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\socketserver.py", line 775, in write
self._sock.sendall(b)
File "D:\emc\ve\lib\site-packages\gevent\_socket3.py", line 459, in sendall
return _socketcommon._sendall(self, data_memory, flags)
File "D:\emc\ve\lib\site-packages\gevent\_socketcommon.py", line 358, in _sendall
timeleft = __send_chunk(socket, chunk, flags, timeleft, end)
File "D:\emc\ve\lib\site-packages\gevent\_socketcommon.py", line 287, in __send_chunk
data_sent += socket.send(chunk, flags)
File "D:\emc\ve\lib\site-packages\gevent\_socket3.py", line 440, in send
return _socket.socket.send(self._sock, data, flags)
ConnectionAbortedError: [WinError 10053] 連線已被您主機上的軟體中止。
[07/Jul/2018 16:08:10] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 500 59
----------------------------------------
Exception happened during processing of request from ('127.0.0.1', 54587)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 138, in run
self.finish_response()
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 180, in finish_response
self.write(data)
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 274, in write
self.send_headers()
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 332, in send_headers
self.send_preamble()
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 255, in send_preamble
('Date: %s\r\n' % format_date_time(time.time())).encode('iso-8859-1')
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 453, in _write
result = self.stdout.write(data)
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\socketserver.py", line 775, in write
self._sock.sendall(b)
File "D:\emc\ve\lib\site-packages\gevent\_socket3.py", line 459, in sendall
return _socketcommon._sendall(self, data_memory, flags)
File "D:\emc\ve\lib\site-packages\gevent\_socketcommon.py", line 358, in _sendall
timeleft = __send_chunk(socket, chunk, flags, timeleft, end)
File "D:\emc\ve\lib\site-packages\gevent\_socketcommon.py", line 287, in __send_chunk
data_sent += socket.send(chunk, flags)
File "D:\emc\ve\lib\site-packages\gevent\_socket3.py", line 440, in send
return _socket.socket.send(self._sock, data, flags)
ConnectionAbortedError: [WinError 10053] 連線已被您主機上的軟體中止。
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 141, in run
self.handle_error()
File "D:\emc\ve\lib\site-packages\django\core\servers\basehttp.py", line 88, in handle_error
super(ServerHandler, self).handle_error()
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 368, in handle_error
self.finish_response()
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 180, in finish_response
self.write(data)
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 274, in write
self.send_headers()
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 331, in send_headers
if not self.origin_server or self.client_is_modern():
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 344, in client_is_modern
return self.environ['SERVER_PROTOCOL'].upper() != 'HTTP/0.9'
TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not subscriptable
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\socketserver.py", line 639, in process_request_thread
self.finish_request(request, client_address)
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\socketserver.py", line 361, in finish_request
self.RequestHandlerClass(request, client_address, self)
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\socketserver.py", line 696, in __init__
self.handle()
File "D:\emc\ve\lib\site-packages\django\core\servers\basehttp.py", line 155, in handle
handler.run(self.server.get_app())
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 144, in run
self.close()
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\simple_server.py", line 35, in close
self.status.split(' ',1)[0], self.bytes_sent
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'split'
我是套接字编程的新手，刚开始学习网络，我想也许我应该发送更多的请求头。请告诉我该怎么做，谢谢。
是的，您需要发送更多数据。最小的 HTTP 1.1 请求需要第二行包含 Host header 指定应处理请求的主机的名称或地址，请求 header 行后必须跟一个空行告诉服务器 header 已被完全接收。
在 HTTP 中，一行的结尾由一对字符表示，回车符 return 和 换行符.在 Python 中，字符串 \r 表示一个回车符 return 并且 \n 表示一个换行符。 （换行符有时称为 newline 字符，因此称为 \n 代码。）这意味着您必须编写 \r\n 来标记每个字符的结尾请求中的行。
那么，你需要的是：
msg = b'GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: 127.0.0.1\r\n\r\n'
最后的 \r\n 产生空行，表示 header 结束。
进行更改后，您的服务器可能会报告不同的错误，因为您的客户端程序会立即关闭其套接字。这会中断客户端和服务器之间的连接。当服务器试图发送它的响应时，它会发现连接已经断开并且它可能会抱怨。为避免这种情况，请将您的客户端更改为使用 s.recv 等待并在服务器执行 s.send() 后读取来自服务器的响应。类似于：
while True:
resp = s.recv(8000)
if resp:
print resp
else:
break
我是 运行 Python3 运行 Django 在本地主机上听 http://127.0.0.1:8000/
我想用不同的方式测试它，比如 request 和 socket
import requests
res = requests.request("GET", "http://127.0.0.1:8000/")
txt = res.content
print(res)
res.close()
# <Response [200]>
运行良好，并且
在我的 运行 Django 控制台上，它显示 [07/Jul/2018 16:04:26] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 6744
现在 requests 改为 socket
import socket
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(('127.0.0.1', 8000))
msg = b'GET / HTTP/1.1'
s.send(msg)
print(s)
s.close()
# <socket.socket fd=1324, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 55312), raddr=('127.0.0.1', 8000)>
我的程序没有错误显示
但我的 运行 Django 控制台出现以下异常
Invalid HTTP_HOST header: 'tony.jhou-1.xxservice.com:8000'. You may need to add 'tony.jhou-1.xxservice.com:8000' to ALLOWED_HOSTS.
[07/Jul/2018 16:08:10] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 400 63266
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 138, in run
self.finish_response()
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 180, in finish_response
self.write(data)
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 274, in write
self.send_headers()
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 332, in send_headers
self.send_preamble()
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 255, in send_preamble
('Date: %s\r\n' % format_date_time(time.time())).encode('iso-8859-1')
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 453, in _write
result = self.stdout.write(data)
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\socketserver.py", line 775, in write
self._sock.sendall(b)
File "D:\emc\ve\lib\site-packages\gevent\_socket3.py", line 459, in sendall
return _socketcommon._sendall(self, data_memory, flags)
File "D:\emc\ve\lib\site-packages\gevent\_socketcommon.py", line 358, in _sendall
timeleft = __send_chunk(socket, chunk, flags, timeleft, end)
File "D:\emc\ve\lib\site-packages\gevent\_socketcommon.py", line 287, in __send_chunk
data_sent += socket.send(chunk, flags)
File "D:\emc\ve\lib\site-packages\gevent\_socket3.py", line 440, in send
return _socket.socket.send(self._sock, data, flags)
ConnectionAbortedError: [WinError 10053] 連線已被您主機上的軟體中止。
[07/Jul/2018 16:08:10] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 500 59
----------------------------------------
Exception happened during processing of request from ('127.0.0.1', 54587)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 138, in run
self.finish_response()
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 180, in finish_response
self.write(data)
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 274, in write
self.send_headers()
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 332, in send_headers
self.send_preamble()
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 255, in send_preamble
('Date: %s\r\n' % format_date_time(time.time())).encode('iso-8859-1')
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 453, in _write
result = self.stdout.write(data)
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\socketserver.py", line 775, in write
self._sock.sendall(b)
File "D:\emc\ve\lib\site-packages\gevent\_socket3.py", line 459, in sendall
return _socketcommon._sendall(self, data_memory, flags)
File "D:\emc\ve\lib\site-packages\gevent\_socketcommon.py", line 358, in _sendall
timeleft = __send_chunk(socket, chunk, flags, timeleft, end)
File "D:\emc\ve\lib\site-packages\gevent\_socketcommon.py", line 287, in __send_chunk
data_sent += socket.send(chunk, flags)
File "D:\emc\ve\lib\site-packages\gevent\_socket3.py", line 440, in send
return _socket.socket.send(self._sock, data, flags)
ConnectionAbortedError: [WinError 10053] 連線已被您主機上的軟體中止。
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 141, in run
self.handle_error()
File "D:\emc\ve\lib\site-packages\django\core\servers\basehttp.py", line 88, in handle_error
super(ServerHandler, self).handle_error()
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 368, in handle_error
self.finish_response()
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 180, in finish_response
self.write(data)
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 274, in write
self.send_headers()
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 331, in send_headers
if not self.origin_server or self.client_is_modern():
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 344, in client_is_modern
return self.environ['SERVER_PROTOCOL'].upper() != 'HTTP/0.9'
TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not subscriptable
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\socketserver.py", line 639, in process_request_thread
self.finish_request(request, client_address)
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\socketserver.py", line 361, in finish_request
self.RequestHandlerClass(request, client_address, self)
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\socketserver.py", line 696, in __init__
self.handle()
File "D:\emc\ve\lib\site-packages\django\core\servers\basehttp.py", line 155, in handle
handler.run(self.server.get_app())
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\handlers.py", line 144, in run
self.close()
File "C:\Users\tony.jhou\AppData\Local\Continuum\Anaconda3\lib\wsgiref\simple_server.py", line 35, in close
self.status.split(' ',1)[0], self.bytes_sent
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'split'
我是套接字编程的新手，刚开始学习网络，我想也许我应该发送更多的请求头。请告诉我该怎么做，谢谢。
是的，您需要发送更多数据。最小的 HTTP 1.1 请求需要第二行包含 Host header 指定应处理请求的主机的名称或地址，请求 header 行后必须跟一个空行告诉服务器 header 已被完全接收。
在 HTTP 中，一行的结尾由一对字符表示，回车符 return 和 换行符.在 Python 中，字符串 \r 表示一个回车符 return 并且 \n 表示一个换行符。 （换行符有时称为 newline 字符，因此称为 \n 代码。）这意味着您必须编写 \r\n 来标记每个字符的结尾请求中的行。
那么，你需要的是：
msg = b'GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: 127.0.0.1\r\n\r\n'
最后的 \r\n 产生空行，表示 header 结束。
进行更改后，您的服务器可能会报告不同的错误，因为您的客户端程序会立即关闭其套接字。这会中断客户端和服务器之间的连接。当服务器试图发送它的响应时，它会发现连接已经断开并且它可能会抱怨。为避免这种情况，请将您的客户端更改为使用 s.recv 等待并在服务器执行 s.send() 后读取来自服务器的响应。类似于：
while True:
resp = s.recv(8000)
if resp:
print resp
else:
break