将 coarray 子数组传递给函数会给出数组的错误部分
Passing a coarray subarray to a function gives a wrong part of the array
我正在尝试了解如何将多维联合数组的一部分传递给函数。我想使用这样的函数：
function get_int_vec(vec_int_2get, rank) result(ret_val)
implicit none
integer, dimension(:), codimension[*], intent(in) :: vec_int_2get
integer, intent(in) :: rank
integer, allocatable, dimension(:) :: ret_val
ret_val = vec_int_2get(:)[rank]
end function ! get_int_vec
获取整个数组效果很好。
但是当传递一片 coarray 时，比如：
vec_getA(:) = get_int_vec(matrix_A(n, :), rank)
其中 matrix_A 声明为
integer, dimension(:, :), codimension[:], allocatable :: matrix_A
并正确分配，我总是得到 matrix_A 的第一列，而不是第 n 列。
gfortran passing conventions 说：
" with -fcoarray=lib [...] 属于不可分配的 coarrays 虚拟参数的令牌和偏移量作为隐藏参数沿着字符长度隐藏参数传递。令牌是一个不透明的指针，用于标识 coarray 和偏移量是类型 C_PTRDIFF_T 的按值传递整数，表示 coarray 的基地址与传递的标量或传递的数组的第一个元素之间的字节偏移量。”
所以我希望该函数也能很好地处理矩阵切片，因为从矩阵开始的偏移量应该传递给该函数。
我是不是哪里做错了？
如果有兴趣：我正在使用 Intel Parallel Studio XE 2018 集群版进行编译，而不是 OpenCoarrays 版本的 coarrays。
这似乎是 Intel ifort 2018 中的一个错误。您的代码语法似乎符合 Fortran 2008 标准 (here)。使用 OpenCoarrays 和 GFortran 编译的相同代码产生了预期的结果。这是您的问题的一个（不是那么简单但）有效的实现：
module coarrayFunc
implicit none
contains
function get_int_vec(vec_int_2get, rank) result(ret_val)
implicit none
integer, dimension(:), codimension[*], intent(in) :: vec_int_2get
integer, intent(in) :: rank
integer :: ret_val(3)
!integer :: ret_val(size(vec_int_2get)) ! using this results in internal compiler error when compiled with ifort.
!integer, allocatable :: ret_val(:) ! both ifort and OpenCoarrays (GFortran) compile with this declaration, however both ifort give wrong results.
ret_val = vec_int_2get(:)[rank]
end function ! get_int_vec
end module coarrayFunc
program testNoncontiguousCoarray
use coarrayFunc
implicit none
integer, allocatable :: matrix_A(:,:)[:], dummy(:)
integer :: rank, n, i, j, image
integer, parameter :: ilower = 1, iupper = 5
integer, parameter :: jlower = 1, jupper = 3
allocate( matrix_A(ilower:iupper,jlower:jupper)[*] )
do i = ilower, iupper
do j = jlower, jupper
matrix_A(i,j) = this_image()*100 + i*10 + j
end do
end do
! print matrix_A on each image
sync all
if (this_image()==1) then
do image = 1, num_images()
write(*,"(*(g0))") "matrix_A on image ", image, ":"
do i = ilower, iupper
write(*,"(*(g8.1))") matrix_A(i,:)[image]
end do
write(*,"(*(g0))")
end do
sync images(*)
else
sync images(1)
end if
sync all
n = iupper
rank = this_image()
!rank = num_images()
sync all
if (this_image()==1) then
write(*,"(*(g0))")
write(*,"(*(g0))") "On all images: "
write(*,"(*(g0))") "n = ", n
write(*,"(*(g0))")
end if
sync all
if (this_image()==1) then
write(*,"(*(g0,' '))") "On Image ", this_image(), ": matrix_A( n =", n, ", : )[",rank,"] = ", matrix_A(n,:)[rank]
dummy = get_int_vec(matrix_A(n,:), rank)
write(*,"(*(g0,' '))") "On Image ", this_image(), ": get_int_vec( matrix_A( n =", n, ", : ), rank =", rank, ") = " &
, dummy
else
sync images (this_image()-1)
write(*,"(*(g0,' '))") "On Image ", this_image(), ": matrix_A( n =", n, ", : )[",rank,"] = ", matrix_A(n,:)[rank]
dummy = get_int_vec(matrix_A(n,:), rank)
write(*,"(*(g0,' '))") "On Image ", this_image(), ": get_int_vec( matrix_A( n =", n, ", : ), rank =", rank, ") = " &
, dummy
end if
call sleep(1)
if (this_image()<num_images()) sync images (this_image()+1)
end program testNoncontiguousCoarray
使用 OpenCoarrays 编译和运行此代码产生：
matrix_A on image 1:
111 112 113
121 122 123
131 132 133
141 142 143
151 152 153
matrix_A on image 2:
211 212 213
221 222 223
231 232 233
241 242 243
251 252 253
matrix_A on image 3:
311 312 313
321 322 323
331 332 333
341 342 343
351 352 353
matrix_A on image 4:
411 412 413
421 422 423
431 432 433
441 442 443
451 452 453
On all images:
n = 5
On Image 1 : matrix_A( n = 5 , : )[ 1 ] = 151 152 153
On Image 1 : get_int_vec( matrix_A( n = 5 , : ), rank = 1 ) = 151 152 153
On Image 2 : matrix_A( n = 5 , : )[ 2 ] = 251 252 253
On Image 2 : get_int_vec( matrix_A( n = 5 , : ), rank = 2 ) = 251 252 253
On Image 3 : matrix_A( n = 5 , : )[ 3 ] = 351 352 353
On Image 3 : get_int_vec( matrix_A( n = 5 , : ), rank = 3 ) = 351 352 353
On Image 4 : matrix_A( n = 5 , : )[ 4 ] = 451 452 453
On Image 4 : get_int_vec( matrix_A( n = 5 , : ), rank = 4 ) = 451 452 453
输出期望得到的结果。请注意，我已经调整了您的原始函数，以便该函数的结果将是一个自动数组而不是可分配的（这似乎是 OpenCoarrays 中的另一个错误，即可分配输出 return 错误结果）。 运行 使用 ifort 2018 Windows 的相同代码会重现您在自己的实现中观察到的错误：
>set FOR_COARRAY_NUM_IMAGES=4
>ifort /Qcoarray=shared testNoncontiguousCoarray.f90 -o run.exe
Intel(R) Visual Fortran Intel(R) 64 Compiler for applications running on Intel(R) 64, Version 18.0.2.185 Build 20180210
Copyright (C) 1985-2018 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
Microsoft (R) Incremental Linker Version 14.13.26129.0
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
-out:run.exe
-subsystem:console
testNoncontiguousCoarray.obj
>run.exe
matrix_A on image 1:
111 112 113
121 122 123
131 132 133
141 142 143
151 152 153
matrix_A on image 2:
211 212 213
221 222 223
231 232 233
241 242 243
251 252 253
matrix_A on image 3:
311 312 313
321 322 323
331 332 333
341 342 343
351 352 353
matrix_A on image 4:
411 412 413
421 422 423
431 432 433
441 442 443
451 452 453
On all images:
n = 5
On Image 1 : matrix_A( n = 5 , : )[ 1 ] = 151 152 153
On Image 1 : get_int_vec( matrix_A( n = 5 , : ), rank = 1 ) = 111 112 113
On Image 2 : matrix_A( n = 5 , : )[ 2 ] = 251 252 253
On Image 2 : get_int_vec( matrix_A( n = 5 , : ), rank = 2 ) = 211 212 213
On Image 3 : matrix_A( n = 5 , : )[ 3 ] = 351 352 353
On Image 3 : get_int_vec( matrix_A( n = 5 , : ), rank = 3 ) = 311 312 313
On Image 4 : matrix_A( n = 5 , : )[ 4 ] = 451 452 453
On Image 4 : get_int_vec( matrix_A( n = 5 , : ), rank = 4 ) = 411 412 413
如您问题的评论中所述，请考虑编写一个最小的代码示例来重现您遇到的错误，并向英特尔的 ifort 编译器团队提交一张票，以获得可能的解决方案。
我正在尝试了解如何将多维联合数组的一部分传递给函数。我想使用这样的函数：
function get_int_vec(vec_int_2get, rank) result(ret_val)
implicit none
integer, dimension(:), codimension[*], intent(in) :: vec_int_2get
integer, intent(in) :: rank
integer, allocatable, dimension(:) :: ret_val
ret_val = vec_int_2get(:)[rank]
end function ! get_int_vec
获取整个数组效果很好。 但是当传递一片 coarray 时，比如：
vec_getA(:) = get_int_vec(matrix_A(n, :), rank)
其中 matrix_A 声明为
integer, dimension(:, :), codimension[:], allocatable :: matrix_A
并正确分配，我总是得到 matrix_A 的第一列，而不是第 n 列。
gfortran passing conventions 说：
" with -fcoarray=lib [...] 属于不可分配的 coarrays 虚拟参数的令牌和偏移量作为隐藏参数沿着字符长度隐藏参数传递。令牌是一个不透明的指针，用于标识 coarray 和偏移量是类型 C_PTRDIFF_T 的按值传递整数，表示 coarray 的基地址与传递的标量或传递的数组的第一个元素之间的字节偏移量。”
所以我希望该函数也能很好地处理矩阵切片，因为从矩阵开始的偏移量应该传递给该函数。
我是不是哪里做错了？
如果有兴趣：我正在使用 Intel Parallel Studio XE 2018 集群版进行编译，而不是 OpenCoarrays 版本的 coarrays。
这似乎是 Intel ifort 2018 中的一个错误。您的代码语法似乎符合 Fortran 2008 标准 (here)。使用 OpenCoarrays 和 GFortran 编译的相同代码产生了预期的结果。这是您的问题的一个（不是那么简单但）有效的实现：
module coarrayFunc
implicit none
contains
function get_int_vec(vec_int_2get, rank) result(ret_val)
implicit none
integer, dimension(:), codimension[*], intent(in) :: vec_int_2get
integer, intent(in) :: rank
integer :: ret_val(3)
!integer :: ret_val(size(vec_int_2get)) ! using this results in internal compiler error when compiled with ifort.
!integer, allocatable :: ret_val(:) ! both ifort and OpenCoarrays (GFortran) compile with this declaration, however both ifort give wrong results.
ret_val = vec_int_2get(:)[rank]
end function ! get_int_vec
end module coarrayFunc
program testNoncontiguousCoarray
use coarrayFunc
implicit none
integer, allocatable :: matrix_A(:,:)[:], dummy(:)
integer :: rank, n, i, j, image
integer, parameter :: ilower = 1, iupper = 5
integer, parameter :: jlower = 1, jupper = 3
allocate( matrix_A(ilower:iupper,jlower:jupper)[*] )
do i = ilower, iupper
do j = jlower, jupper
matrix_A(i,j) = this_image()*100 + i*10 + j
end do
end do
! print matrix_A on each image
sync all
if (this_image()==1) then
do image = 1, num_images()
write(*,"(*(g0))") "matrix_A on image ", image, ":"
do i = ilower, iupper
write(*,"(*(g8.1))") matrix_A(i,:)[image]
end do
write(*,"(*(g0))")
end do
sync images(*)
else
sync images(1)
end if
sync all
n = iupper
rank = this_image()
!rank = num_images()
sync all
if (this_image()==1) then
write(*,"(*(g0))")
write(*,"(*(g0))") "On all images: "
write(*,"(*(g0))") "n = ", n
write(*,"(*(g0))")
end if
sync all
if (this_image()==1) then
write(*,"(*(g0,' '))") "On Image ", this_image(), ": matrix_A( n =", n, ", : )[",rank,"] = ", matrix_A(n,:)[rank]
dummy = get_int_vec(matrix_A(n,:), rank)
write(*,"(*(g0,' '))") "On Image ", this_image(), ": get_int_vec( matrix_A( n =", n, ", : ), rank =", rank, ") = " &
, dummy
else
sync images (this_image()-1)
write(*,"(*(g0,' '))") "On Image ", this_image(), ": matrix_A( n =", n, ", : )[",rank,"] = ", matrix_A(n,:)[rank]
dummy = get_int_vec(matrix_A(n,:), rank)
write(*,"(*(g0,' '))") "On Image ", this_image(), ": get_int_vec( matrix_A( n =", n, ", : ), rank =", rank, ") = " &
, dummy
end if
call sleep(1)
if (this_image()<num_images()) sync images (this_image()+1)
end program testNoncontiguousCoarray
使用 OpenCoarrays 编译和运行此代码产生：
matrix_A on image 1:
111 112 113
121 122 123
131 132 133
141 142 143
151 152 153
matrix_A on image 2:
211 212 213
221 222 223
231 232 233
241 242 243
251 252 253
matrix_A on image 3:
311 312 313
321 322 323
331 332 333
341 342 343
351 352 353
matrix_A on image 4:
411 412 413
421 422 423
431 432 433
441 442 443
451 452 453
On all images:
n = 5
On Image 1 : matrix_A( n = 5 , : )[ 1 ] = 151 152 153
On Image 1 : get_int_vec( matrix_A( n = 5 , : ), rank = 1 ) = 151 152 153
On Image 2 : matrix_A( n = 5 , : )[ 2 ] = 251 252 253
On Image 2 : get_int_vec( matrix_A( n = 5 , : ), rank = 2 ) = 251 252 253
On Image 3 : matrix_A( n = 5 , : )[ 3 ] = 351 352 353
On Image 3 : get_int_vec( matrix_A( n = 5 , : ), rank = 3 ) = 351 352 353
On Image 4 : matrix_A( n = 5 , : )[ 4 ] = 451 452 453
On Image 4 : get_int_vec( matrix_A( n = 5 , : ), rank = 4 ) = 451 452 453
输出期望得到的结果。请注意，我已经调整了您的原始函数，以便该函数的结果将是一个自动数组而不是可分配的（这似乎是 OpenCoarrays 中的另一个错误，即可分配输出 return 错误结果）。 运行 使用 ifort 2018 Windows 的相同代码会重现您在自己的实现中观察到的错误：
>set FOR_COARRAY_NUM_IMAGES=4
>ifort /Qcoarray=shared testNoncontiguousCoarray.f90 -o run.exe
Intel(R) Visual Fortran Intel(R) 64 Compiler for applications running on Intel(R) 64, Version 18.0.2.185 Build 20180210
Copyright (C) 1985-2018 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
Microsoft (R) Incremental Linker Version 14.13.26129.0
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
-out:run.exe
-subsystem:console
testNoncontiguousCoarray.obj
>run.exe
matrix_A on image 1:
111 112 113
121 122 123
131 132 133
141 142 143
151 152 153
matrix_A on image 2:
211 212 213
221 222 223
231 232 233
241 242 243
251 252 253
matrix_A on image 3:
311 312 313
321 322 323
331 332 333
341 342 343
351 352 353
matrix_A on image 4:
411 412 413
421 422 423
431 432 433
441 442 443
451 452 453
On all images:
n = 5
On Image 1 : matrix_A( n = 5 , : )[ 1 ] = 151 152 153
On Image 1 : get_int_vec( matrix_A( n = 5 , : ), rank = 1 ) = 111 112 113
On Image 2 : matrix_A( n = 5 , : )[ 2 ] = 251 252 253
On Image 2 : get_int_vec( matrix_A( n = 5 , : ), rank = 2 ) = 211 212 213
On Image 3 : matrix_A( n = 5 , : )[ 3 ] = 351 352 353
On Image 3 : get_int_vec( matrix_A( n = 5 , : ), rank = 3 ) = 311 312 313
On Image 4 : matrix_A( n = 5 , : )[ 4 ] = 451 452 453
On Image 4 : get_int_vec( matrix_A( n = 5 , : ), rank = 4 ) = 411 412 413
如您问题的评论中所述，请考虑编写一个最小的代码示例来重现您遇到的错误，并向英特尔的 ifort 编译器团队提交一张票，以获得可能的解决方案。