Tkinter 中的交互式 PyPlot 图未注册 MouseEvents
Interactive PyPlot Figure in Tkinter not registering MouseEvents
我正在构建一个交互式 Tkinter GUI，其中在 GUI 中绘制了一个空白的 pyplot 图和轴以及一些按钮，用户可以在其中单击、拖动和删除点以形成自定义点图。然后可以将这些点的坐标以特定格式打印出来，用作更复杂的 Fortran 代码中的输入。除了 figure/axes space 的初始交互性之外，我几乎已经完成了所有工作。我严重依赖用户 yuma-m 在 GitHub 上找到的精彩 Draggable-Plot 目标代码，link 下面：
https://github.com/yuma-m/matplotlib-draggable-plot/blob/master/draggable_plot.py
在对原始 Draggable-Plot 对象进行大量调整后，我能够将交互式绘图集成到我的 GUI 中；然而，当我第一次生成情节时，错误就出现了。设置正确的轴边界并第一次单击 'Update Axes' 后，会绘制图形和绘图，但不会注册任何 MouseEvents。我的猜测是，当在 _on_click 函数中检查 event.inaxes in [self._axes] 条件时，self._axes 的 existence/placement 以某种方式被阻止。
最精彩的部分发生在您第二次单击 'Update Axes' 按钮时，一个新的轴对象直接绘制在第一个按钮的下方。发生这种情况时，脚本将开始在 INITIAL 图中注册 MouseEvents，但会在新的 SECOND 图中绘制所有对应点。当我将第二个图的位置限制在与第一个相同的网格位置时，没有注册交互性，因为我猜新轴与第一个轴重叠。
我只是在寻找这个奇怪问题的解决方案；显然，此 GUI 的理想功能是第一个生成的绘图的初始交互性，随后生成的任何轴的行为都相同。谢谢！
Image of Two Axes state of GUI
import math
import matplotlib
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2TkAgg
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as animation
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import scrolledtext
from tkinter import *
from tkinter.ttk import *
class B2PtGen(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self):
root = Tk()
root.title("B2 Inputfile Point Generator")
root.geometry("800x800")
app = Frame(root)
app.grid()
self._Xmin = -0.1
self._Xmax = 0.1
self._Ymin = 0
self._Ymax = 1
self._figure, self._axes, self._line = None, None, None
self._dragging_point = None
self._points = {}
Instr = Label(app,text = "Enter ranges of X and Y axes in corresponding text boxes below, then click 'Update Axes'. \nUse plot area to draw shape of Inputfile Curve \n(Left Mouse Button to create points, Right Mouse Button to delete points). \nThen click 'Generate Point List' to create Inputfile Point List")
Instr.grid(column=0,row=0,columnspan=4)
Lbl1 = Label(app, text = "X min")
Lbl1.grid(column=0,row=1)
XminT = Entry(app, width=10)
XminT.insert(0,'-0.1')
XminT.grid(column=0,row=2)
Lbl2 = Label(app, text = "X max")
Lbl2.grid(column=1,row=1)
XmaxT = Entry(app, width=10)
XmaxT.insert(0,'0.1')
XmaxT.grid(column=1,row=2)
Lbl3 = Label(app, text = "Y min")
Lbl3.grid(column=0,row=3)
YminT = Entry(app, width=10)
YminT.insert(0,'0')
YminT.grid(column=0,row=4)
Lbl4 = Label(app, text = "Y max")
Lbl4.grid(column=1,row=3)
YmaxT = Entry(app, width=10)
YmaxT.insert(0,'1')
YmaxT.grid(column=1,row=4)
def clicked():
if float(XminT.get()) < float(XmaxT.get()) and float(YminT.get()) < float(YmaxT.get()):
self._Xmin = float(XminT.get())
self._Xmax = float(XmaxT.get())
self._Ymin = float(YminT.get())
self._Ymax = float(YmaxT.get())
Lbl1.configure(text = "Xmin = " + XminT.get())
Lbl2.configure(text = "Xmax = " + XmaxT.get())
Lbl3.configure(text = "Ymin = " + YminT.get())
Lbl4.configure(text = "Ymax = " + YmaxT.get())
self._init_plot(app)
else:
print("Input values do not form valid ranges")
button1 = Button(app, command=clicked)
button1.grid(column=2,row=2,columnspan=2)
button1['text'] = "Update Axes"
root.mainloop()
def _init_plot(self, app):
if not self._figure:
self._figure = plt.figure(num=1)
if not self._axes:
print('New Axes!')
self._axes = plt.axes()
plt.sca(self._axes)
self._axes.set_xlim(self._Xmin, self._Xmax)
self._axes.set_xlabel('Radial Distance from Separatrix (along Outer Midplane) [m]')
self._axes.set_ylabel('Normalized Coefficient Magnitude')
self._axes.set_ylim(self._Ymin, self._Ymax)
self._axes.grid(b=True,which="both")
#self._axes = axes
self._figure.canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event', self._on_click)
self._figure.canvas.mpl_connect('button_release_event', self._on_release)
self._figure.canvas.mpl_connect('motion_notify_event', self._on_motion)
canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(self._figure, app)
canvas.show()
canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(columnspan=4)
def _update_plot(self):
if not self._points:
return
x, y = zip(*sorted(self._points.items()))
# Add new plot
if not self._line:
self._line, = self._axes.plot(x, y, "b", marker="o", markersize=5)
# Update current plot
else:
self._line.set_data(x, y)
self._figure.canvas.draw()
def _add_point(self, x, y=None):
if isinstance(x, MouseEvent):
x, y = float(x.xdata), float(x.ydata)
self._points[x] = y
return x, y
def _remove_point(self, x, _):
if x in self._points:
self._points.pop(x)
def _find_neighbor_point(self, event):
u""" Find point around mouse position
:rtype: ((int, int)|None)
:return: (x, y) if there are any point around mouse else None
"""
distance_threshold = 0.05*(self._Ymax - self._Ymin)
nearest_point = None
min_distance = math.sqrt((self._Xmax - self._Xmin)**2 + (self._Ymax - self._Ymin)**2)
for x, y in self._points.items():
distance = math.hypot(event.xdata - x, event.ydata - y)
if distance < min_distance:
min_distance = distance
nearest_point = (x, y)
if min_distance < distance_threshold:
return nearest_point
return None
def _on_click(self, event):
u""" callback method for mouse click event
:type event: MouseEvent
"""
# left click
if event.button == 1 and event.inaxes in [self._axes]:
point = self._find_neighbor_point(event)
if point:
self._dragging_point = point
self._remove_point(*point)
else:
self._add_point(event)
print('You clicked!')
self._update_plot()
# right click
elif event.button == 3 and event.inaxes in [self._axes]:
point = self._find_neighbor_point(event)
if point:
self._remove_point(*point)
self._update_plot()
def _on_release(self, event):
u""" callback method for mouse release event
:type event: MouseEvent
"""
if event.button == 1 and event.inaxes in [self._axes] and self._dragging_point:
self._add_point(event)
self._dragging_point = None
self._update_plot()
def _on_motion(self, event):
u""" callback method for mouse motion event
:type event: MouseEvent
"""
if not self._dragging_point:
return
self._remove_point(*self._dragging_point)
self._dragging_point = self._add_point(event)
self._update_plot()
if __name__ == "__main__":
B2PtGen()
尝试将您的 _init_plot() 函数更改为以下内容，似乎更新得更好...
if not self._figure:
self._figure = plt.figure(num=1)
canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(self._figure, app)
canvas.show()
canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(columnspan=4)
if not self._axes:
print('New Axes!')
self._axes = plt.axes()
self._axes.set_xlim(self._Xmin, self._Xmax)
self._axes.set_xlabel('Radial Distance from Separatrix (along Outer Midplane) [m]')
self._axes.set_ylabel('Normalized Coefficient Magnitude')
self._axes.set_ylim(self._Ymin, self._Ymax)
self._axes.grid(b=True,which="both")
self._figure.sca(self._axes)
self._figure.canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event', self._on_click)
self._figure.canvas.mpl_connect('button_release_event', self._on_release)
self._figure.canvas.mpl_connect('motion_notify_event', self._on_motion)
self._figure.canvas.draw()
我正在构建一个交互式 Tkinter GUI，其中在 GUI 中绘制了一个空白的 pyplot 图和轴以及一些按钮，用户可以在其中单击、拖动和删除点以形成自定义点图。然后可以将这些点的坐标以特定格式打印出来，用作更复杂的 Fortran 代码中的输入。除了 figure/axes space 的初始交互性之外，我几乎已经完成了所有工作。我严重依赖用户 yuma-m 在 GitHub 上找到的精彩 Draggable-Plot 目标代码，link 下面：
https://github.com/yuma-m/matplotlib-draggable-plot/blob/master/draggable_plot.py
在对原始 Draggable-Plot 对象进行大量调整后，我能够将交互式绘图集成到我的 GUI 中；然而，当我第一次生成情节时，错误就出现了。设置正确的轴边界并第一次单击 'Update Axes' 后，会绘制图形和绘图，但不会注册任何 MouseEvents。我的猜测是，当在 _on_click 函数中检查 event.inaxes in [self._axes] 条件时，self._axes 的 existence/placement 以某种方式被阻止。
最精彩的部分发生在您第二次单击 'Update Axes' 按钮时，一个新的轴对象直接绘制在第一个按钮的下方。发生这种情况时，脚本将开始在 INITIAL 图中注册 MouseEvents，但会在新的 SECOND 图中绘制所有对应点。当我将第二个图的位置限制在与第一个相同的网格位置时，没有注册交互性，因为我猜新轴与第一个轴重叠。
我只是在寻找这个奇怪问题的解决方案；显然，此 GUI 的理想功能是第一个生成的绘图的初始交互性，随后生成的任何轴的行为都相同。谢谢！
Image of Two Axes state of GUI
import math
import matplotlib
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2TkAgg
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as animation
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import scrolledtext
from tkinter import *
from tkinter.ttk import *
class B2PtGen(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self):
root = Tk()
root.title("B2 Inputfile Point Generator")
root.geometry("800x800")
app = Frame(root)
app.grid()
self._Xmin = -0.1
self._Xmax = 0.1
self._Ymin = 0
self._Ymax = 1
self._figure, self._axes, self._line = None, None, None
self._dragging_point = None
self._points = {}
Instr = Label(app,text = "Enter ranges of X and Y axes in corresponding text boxes below, then click 'Update Axes'. \nUse plot area to draw shape of Inputfile Curve \n(Left Mouse Button to create points, Right Mouse Button to delete points). \nThen click 'Generate Point List' to create Inputfile Point List")
Instr.grid(column=0,row=0,columnspan=4)
Lbl1 = Label(app, text = "X min")
Lbl1.grid(column=0,row=1)
XminT = Entry(app, width=10)
XminT.insert(0,'-0.1')
XminT.grid(column=0,row=2)
Lbl2 = Label(app, text = "X max")
Lbl2.grid(column=1,row=1)
XmaxT = Entry(app, width=10)
XmaxT.insert(0,'0.1')
XmaxT.grid(column=1,row=2)
Lbl3 = Label(app, text = "Y min")
Lbl3.grid(column=0,row=3)
YminT = Entry(app, width=10)
YminT.insert(0,'0')
YminT.grid(column=0,row=4)
Lbl4 = Label(app, text = "Y max")
Lbl4.grid(column=1,row=3)
YmaxT = Entry(app, width=10)
YmaxT.insert(0,'1')
YmaxT.grid(column=1,row=4)
def clicked():
if float(XminT.get()) < float(XmaxT.get()) and float(YminT.get()) < float(YmaxT.get()):
self._Xmin = float(XminT.get())
self._Xmax = float(XmaxT.get())
self._Ymin = float(YminT.get())
self._Ymax = float(YmaxT.get())
Lbl1.configure(text = "Xmin = " + XminT.get())
Lbl2.configure(text = "Xmax = " + XmaxT.get())
Lbl3.configure(text = "Ymin = " + YminT.get())
Lbl4.configure(text = "Ymax = " + YmaxT.get())
self._init_plot(app)
else:
print("Input values do not form valid ranges")
button1 = Button(app, command=clicked)
button1.grid(column=2,row=2,columnspan=2)
button1['text'] = "Update Axes"
root.mainloop()
def _init_plot(self, app):
if not self._figure:
self._figure = plt.figure(num=1)
if not self._axes:
print('New Axes!')
self._axes = plt.axes()
plt.sca(self._axes)
self._axes.set_xlim(self._Xmin, self._Xmax)
self._axes.set_xlabel('Radial Distance from Separatrix (along Outer Midplane) [m]')
self._axes.set_ylabel('Normalized Coefficient Magnitude')
self._axes.set_ylim(self._Ymin, self._Ymax)
self._axes.grid(b=True,which="both")
#self._axes = axes
self._figure.canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event', self._on_click)
self._figure.canvas.mpl_connect('button_release_event', self._on_release)
self._figure.canvas.mpl_connect('motion_notify_event', self._on_motion)
canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(self._figure, app)
canvas.show()
canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(columnspan=4)
def _update_plot(self):
if not self._points:
return
x, y = zip(*sorted(self._points.items()))
# Add new plot
if not self._line:
self._line, = self._axes.plot(x, y, "b", marker="o", markersize=5)
# Update current plot
else:
self._line.set_data(x, y)
self._figure.canvas.draw()
def _add_point(self, x, y=None):
if isinstance(x, MouseEvent):
x, y = float(x.xdata), float(x.ydata)
self._points[x] = y
return x, y
def _remove_point(self, x, _):
if x in self._points:
self._points.pop(x)
def _find_neighbor_point(self, event):
u""" Find point around mouse position
:rtype: ((int, int)|None)
:return: (x, y) if there are any point around mouse else None
"""
distance_threshold = 0.05*(self._Ymax - self._Ymin)
nearest_point = None
min_distance = math.sqrt((self._Xmax - self._Xmin)**2 + (self._Ymax - self._Ymin)**2)
for x, y in self._points.items():
distance = math.hypot(event.xdata - x, event.ydata - y)
if distance < min_distance:
min_distance = distance
nearest_point = (x, y)
if min_distance < distance_threshold:
return nearest_point
return None
def _on_click(self, event):
u""" callback method for mouse click event
:type event: MouseEvent
"""
# left click
if event.button == 1 and event.inaxes in [self._axes]:
point = self._find_neighbor_point(event)
if point:
self._dragging_point = point
self._remove_point(*point)
else:
self._add_point(event)
print('You clicked!')
self._update_plot()
# right click
elif event.button == 3 and event.inaxes in [self._axes]:
point = self._find_neighbor_point(event)
if point:
self._remove_point(*point)
self._update_plot()
def _on_release(self, event):
u""" callback method for mouse release event
:type event: MouseEvent
"""
if event.button == 1 and event.inaxes in [self._axes] and self._dragging_point:
self._add_point(event)
self._dragging_point = None
self._update_plot()
def _on_motion(self, event):
u""" callback method for mouse motion event
:type event: MouseEvent
"""
if not self._dragging_point:
return
self._remove_point(*self._dragging_point)
self._dragging_point = self._add_point(event)
self._update_plot()
if __name__ == "__main__":
B2PtGen()
尝试将您的 _init_plot() 函数更改为以下内容，似乎更新得更好...
if not self._figure:
self._figure = plt.figure(num=1)
canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(self._figure, app)
canvas.show()
canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(columnspan=4)
if not self._axes:
print('New Axes!')
self._axes = plt.axes()
self._axes.set_xlim(self._Xmin, self._Xmax)
self._axes.set_xlabel('Radial Distance from Separatrix (along Outer Midplane) [m]')
self._axes.set_ylabel('Normalized Coefficient Magnitude')
self._axes.set_ylim(self._Ymin, self._Ymax)
self._axes.grid(b=True,which="both")
self._figure.sca(self._axes)
self._figure.canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event', self._on_click)
self._figure.canvas.mpl_connect('button_release_event', self._on_release)
self._figure.canvas.mpl_connect('motion_notify_event', self._on_motion)
self._figure.canvas.draw()