如何在 r 中创建水平堆积条形图样式的时间序列图
How to create a time series plot in the style of a horizontal stacked bar plot in r
我想创建一个水平的“堆积条形”类型的图，其中日期 运行s 沿 x 轴，我的样本在 y 轴上显示为条形。在下面的简单示例中，我有三个样本 (a、b、c)，每个样本包含三个值 (0、1、2)。我希望根据沿 x 轴的每个时间步长的值对水平条进行着色，以便我最终得到三个水平条（每个样本一个），从我第一次到最后一次 运行指向并包含一系列具有与不同值相关的颜色的块。
例如，假设我希望值 0 为蓝色，值 1 为黄色，值 2 为红色：对于示例 a，迹线的前两天为蓝色，然后接下来的两天为蓝色黄色，然后是蓝色等等……
示例数据：
df <- structure(list(date = c("30/04/2011", "01/05/2011", "02/05/2011", "03/05/2011", "04/05/2011", "05/05/2011", "06/05/2011", "07/05/2011", "08/05/2011", "09/05/2011", "10/05/2011", "11/05/2011", "12/05/2011", "13/05/2011", "14/05/2011", "15/05/2011", "16/05/2011", "17/05/2011", "18/05/2011", "19/05/2011", "20/05/2011", "21/05/2011", "22/05/2011", "23/05/2011", "24/05/2011", "25/05/2011", "26/05/2011", "27/05/2011", "28/05/2011", "29/05/2011", "30/05/2011", "31/05/2011", "01/06/2011", "02/06/2011", "03/06/2011", "04/06/2011", "05/06/2011", "06/06/2011", "07/06/2011", "08/06/2011", "09/06/2011", "10/06/2011", "11/06/2011", "12/06/2011", "13/06/2011", "14/06/2011", "15/06/2011", "16/06/2011", "17/06/2011", "18/06/2011", "19/06/2011", "20/06/2011", "21/06/2011", "22/06/2011", "23/06/2011", "24/06/2011", "25/06/2011", "26/06/2011", "27/06/2011", "28/06/2011", "29/06/2011", "30/06/2011", "01/07/2011", "02/07/2011", "03/07/2011", "04/07/2011", "05/07/2011", "06/07/2011", "07/07/2011", "08/07/2011", "09/07/2011", "10/07/2011", "11/07/2011", "12/07/2011", "13/07/2011", "14/07/2011", "15/07/2011", "16/07/2011", "17/07/2011", "18/07/2011", "19/07/2011", "20/07/2011", "21/07/2011", "22/07/2011", "23/07/2011", "24/07/2011"), a = c(0L, 0L, 1L, 1L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 1L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L), b = c(0L, 1L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L), c = c(1L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L)), .Names = c("date", "a", "b", "c"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -86L))
head(df)
# date a b c
# 1 30/04/2011 0 0 1
# 2 01/05/2011 0 1 1
# 3 02/05/2011 1 1 0
# 4 03/05/2011 1 0 0
# 5 04/05/2011 0 0 0
这一定是一件非常容易实现的事情，但我无法理解它（即条形图似乎不适用于此）。任何帮助，将不胜感激。谢谢！
这是非常手动的，但我认为它回答了你的问题。据我所知，没有为您执行此操作的功能——但我很可能是错的。我只是使用多边形为每个组绘制框。 注意：您需要将日期字段更改为日期 class。
dat$date <- as.Date(dat$date, "%d/%m/%Y")
plot(dat$a~dat$date, type = "n", yaxt = "n", ylab = "",
xlab = "", bty = "n", ylim = c(0, 4))
draw.box <- function(y, x1, x2, h, col) {
polygon(x = c(x1, x1, x2, x2),
y = c(y - h/2, y + h/2, y + h/2, y - h/2),
col = col, border = col)
}
for (j in c("a", "b", "c")) {
for (i in 2:nrow(dat)) {
bcol <- switch(as.character(dat[(i - 1), j]),
"0" = "red",
"1" = "blue",
"2" = "yellow")
yloc <- switch(j,
"a" = 3,
"b" = 2,
"c" = 1)
draw.box(y = yloc,
h = 0.75,
col = bcol,
x1 = dat[(i - 1), "date"],
x2 = dat[i, "date"])
}
}
axis(side = 2, at = 3:1, labels = c("A", "B", "C"),
tick = FALSE, las = 2)
这里没有绘制最后一个值，因为没有 "end date" 来限制栏。
我能够 barplot() 在这里工作，但是伙计，我不得不经历一些困难。
首先，barplot() 需要一个 条形段长度 的矩阵，这意味着我们必须从您的输入数据来定义这些长度（注意：请参阅答案结尾，了解将每个数据点视为单独段的替代方案）。我们还需要捕获哪些颜色适用于每个 运行 长度，幸运的是，rle() 非常适合，因为它捕获了双组件列表中的 运行 长度和值。
其次，barplot() 对堆叠条的着色有一个不幸的限制。也就是说，如果您向 height 参数提供一个具有两个或更多堆叠条（意味着两列或更多列）的外观正常的直观结构矩阵，并且您想要使用 为每个堆叠条着色与其他堆叠条不同 的颜色序列，那么你将无法做到。至少，不是那种矩阵结构。
这是因为col参数只能接受颜色向量；它不能接受矩阵或向量列表或任何其他与传递给 height 参数的主矩阵输入相对应的东西。如果您尝试提供过长的颜色矢量，barplot() 会忽略多余部分。
基于Stacked bar plot with different combinations of colors in R，解决方案是在矩阵中偏移每个条，将所有相邻列设置为零，从而允许您为每个条中的每个条段设置不同的颜色。
将数据整理成所需的形状并不容易，但在@ak运行 对我刚才提出的问题的回答的帮助下，，我们可以按以下方式完成所有这些：
pd <- lapply(df[-1],function(v) do.call(cbind,rle(v)));
height <- as.matrix(setNames(reshape(cbind(id=1:sum(sapply(pd,nrow)),stack(lapply(pd,function(x) x[,'lengths']))),dir='w',timevar='ind')[-1],names(pd)));
height[is.na(height)] <- 0;
col <- c('blue','yellow','red')[do.call(c,sapply(pd,function(x) x[,'values']))+1];
barplot(t(apply(height,1,rev)),col=col,horiz=T,axes=F);
axis(1,0:(nrow(df)-1),labels=df$date);
title('Horizontal Stacked Bar Plot');
下面是数据，供参考：
pd;
## $a
## lengths values
## [1,] 2 0
## [2,] 2 1
## [3,] 1 0
## [4,] 1 1
## [5,] 3 0
## [6,] 1 1
## [7,] 3 0
## [8,] 1 1
## [9,] 13 0
## [10,] 22 2
## [11,] 12 0
## [12,] 4 1
## [13,] 3 0
## [14,] 2 1
## [15,] 3 0
## [16,] 2 1
## [17,] 1 0
## [18,] 1 1
## [19,] 8 0
## [20,] 1 1
##
## $b
## lengths values
## [1,] 1 0
## [2,] 2 1
## [3,] 4 0
## [4,] 2 1
## [5,] 3 0
## [6,] 1 1
## [7,] 9 0
## [8,] 22 2
## [9,] 3 0
## [10,] 1 1
## [11,] 10 0
## [12,] 1 1
## [13,] 7 0
## [14,] 3 1
## [15,] 5 0
## [16,] 2 1
## [17,] 5 0
## [18,] 5 1
##
## $c
## lengths values
## [1,] 2 1
## [2,] 3 0
## [3,] 1 1
## [4,] 1 0
## [5,] 1 1
## [6,] 1 0
## [7,] 1 1
## [8,] 1 0
## [9,] 1 1
## [10,] 13 0
## [11,] 30 2
## [12,] 16 0
## [13,] 1 1
## [14,] 7 0
## [15,] 3 1
## [16,] 4 0
##
height;
## a b c
## 1 2 0 0
## 2 2 0 0
## 3 1 0 0
## 4 1 0 0
## 5 3 0 0
## 6 1 0 0
## 7 3 0 0
## 8 1 0 0
## 9 13 0 0
## 10 22 0 0
## 11 12 0 0
## 12 4 0 0
## 13 3 0 0
## 14 2 0 0
## 15 3 0 0
## 16 2 0 0
## 17 1 0 0
## 18 1 0 0
## 19 8 0 0
## 20 1 0 0
## 21 0 1 0
## 22 0 2 0
## 23 0 4 0
## 24 0 2 0
## 25 0 3 0
## 26 0 1 0
## 27 0 9 0
## 28 0 22 0
## 29 0 3 0
## 30 0 1 0
## 31 0 10 0
## 32 0 1 0
## 33 0 7 0
## 34 0 3 0
## 35 0 5 0
## 36 0 2 0
## 37 0 5 0
## 38 0 5 0
## 39 0 0 2
## 40 0 0 3
## 41 0 0 1
## 42 0 0 1
## 43 0 0 1
## 44 0 0 1
## 45 0 0 1
## 46 0 0 1
## 47 0 0 1
## 48 0 0 13
## 49 0 0 30
## 50 0 0 16
## 51 0 0 1
## 52 0 0 7
## 53 0 0 3
## 54 0 0 4
col;
## [1] "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "red" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue"
## [24] "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "red" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue"
## [47] "yellow" "blue" "red" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue"
最后，我确实尝试在没有 运行 长度步长的情况下构建绘图，而是将每个数据点视为其自己的片段。这行得通（尽管您仍然必须执行偏移操作），但可能不是您想要的。这是它的屏幕截图：
这是代码，如果你更喜欢这个：
pd <- lapply(df[-1],function(v) rep(1,length(v)));
height <- as.matrix(setNames(reshape(cbind(id=1:sum(sapply(pd,length)),stack(lapply(pd,function(x) x))),dir='w',timevar='ind')[-1],names(pd)));
height[is.na(height)] <- 0;
col <- c('blue','yellow','red')[do.call(c,df[-1]+1)];
barplot(t(apply(height,1,rev)),col=col,horiz=T,axes=F);
axis(1,0:(nrow(df)-1),labels=df$date);
title('Horizontal Stacked Bar Plot');
对于 ggplot2 图，首先将 df 转换为长格式（使用 reshape2 包中的 melt），将日期列转换为 "Date" class 并将 value 列转换为因子然后使用 geom_tile:
library(ggplot2)
library(reshape2)
long <- melt(df, measure.var = 2:4)
long <- transform(long, date = as.Date(long$date, "%d/%m/%Y"), value = factor(value))
ggplot(long, aes(date, variable)) +
geom_tile(aes(fill = value)) +
scale_fill_manual(values = c("blue", "yellow", "red"))
我想创建一个水平的“堆积条形”类型的图，其中日期 运行s 沿 x 轴，我的样本在 y 轴上显示为条形。在下面的简单示例中，我有三个样本 (a、b、c)，每个样本包含三个值 (0、1、2)。我希望根据沿 x 轴的每个时间步长的值对水平条进行着色，以便我最终得到三个水平条（每个样本一个），从我第一次到最后一次 运行指向并包含一系列具有与不同值相关的颜色的块。
例如，假设我希望值 0 为蓝色，值 1 为黄色，值 2 为红色：对于示例 a，迹线的前两天为蓝色，然后接下来的两天为蓝色黄色，然后是蓝色等等……
示例数据：
df <- structure(list(date = c("30/04/2011", "01/05/2011", "02/05/2011", "03/05/2011", "04/05/2011", "05/05/2011", "06/05/2011", "07/05/2011", "08/05/2011", "09/05/2011", "10/05/2011", "11/05/2011", "12/05/2011", "13/05/2011", "14/05/2011", "15/05/2011", "16/05/2011", "17/05/2011", "18/05/2011", "19/05/2011", "20/05/2011", "21/05/2011", "22/05/2011", "23/05/2011", "24/05/2011", "25/05/2011", "26/05/2011", "27/05/2011", "28/05/2011", "29/05/2011", "30/05/2011", "31/05/2011", "01/06/2011", "02/06/2011", "03/06/2011", "04/06/2011", "05/06/2011", "06/06/2011", "07/06/2011", "08/06/2011", "09/06/2011", "10/06/2011", "11/06/2011", "12/06/2011", "13/06/2011", "14/06/2011", "15/06/2011", "16/06/2011", "17/06/2011", "18/06/2011", "19/06/2011", "20/06/2011", "21/06/2011", "22/06/2011", "23/06/2011", "24/06/2011", "25/06/2011", "26/06/2011", "27/06/2011", "28/06/2011", "29/06/2011", "30/06/2011", "01/07/2011", "02/07/2011", "03/07/2011", "04/07/2011", "05/07/2011", "06/07/2011", "07/07/2011", "08/07/2011", "09/07/2011", "10/07/2011", "11/07/2011", "12/07/2011", "13/07/2011", "14/07/2011", "15/07/2011", "16/07/2011", "17/07/2011", "18/07/2011", "19/07/2011", "20/07/2011", "21/07/2011", "22/07/2011", "23/07/2011", "24/07/2011"), a = c(0L, 0L, 1L, 1L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 1L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L), b = c(0L, 1L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L), c = c(1L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L)), .Names = c("date", "a", "b", "c"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -86L))
head(df)
# date a b c
# 1 30/04/2011 0 0 1
# 2 01/05/2011 0 1 1
# 3 02/05/2011 1 1 0
# 4 03/05/2011 1 0 0
# 5 04/05/2011 0 0 0
这一定是一件非常容易实现的事情，但我无法理解它（即条形图似乎不适用于此）。任何帮助，将不胜感激。谢谢！
这是非常手动的，但我认为它回答了你的问题。据我所知，没有为您执行此操作的功能——但我很可能是错的。我只是使用多边形为每个组绘制框。 注意：您需要将日期字段更改为日期 class。
dat$date <- as.Date(dat$date, "%d/%m/%Y")
plot(dat$a~dat$date, type = "n", yaxt = "n", ylab = "",
xlab = "", bty = "n", ylim = c(0, 4))
draw.box <- function(y, x1, x2, h, col) {
polygon(x = c(x1, x1, x2, x2),
y = c(y - h/2, y + h/2, y + h/2, y - h/2),
col = col, border = col)
}
for (j in c("a", "b", "c")) {
for (i in 2:nrow(dat)) {
bcol <- switch(as.character(dat[(i - 1), j]),
"0" = "red",
"1" = "blue",
"2" = "yellow")
yloc <- switch(j,
"a" = 3,
"b" = 2,
"c" = 1)
draw.box(y = yloc,
h = 0.75,
col = bcol,
x1 = dat[(i - 1), "date"],
x2 = dat[i, "date"])
}
}
axis(side = 2, at = 3:1, labels = c("A", "B", "C"),
tick = FALSE, las = 2)
这里没有绘制最后一个值，因为没有 "end date" 来限制栏。
我能够 barplot() 在这里工作，但是伙计，我不得不经历一些困难。
首先，barplot() 需要一个 条形段长度 的矩阵，这意味着我们必须从您的输入数据来定义这些长度（注意：请参阅答案结尾，了解将每个数据点视为单独段的替代方案）。我们还需要捕获哪些颜色适用于每个 运行 长度，幸运的是，rle() 非常适合，因为它捕获了双组件列表中的 运行 长度和值。
其次，barplot() 对堆叠条的着色有一个不幸的限制。也就是说，如果您向 height 参数提供一个具有两个或更多堆叠条（意味着两列或更多列）的外观正常的直观结构矩阵，并且您想要使用 为每个堆叠条着色与其他堆叠条不同 的颜色序列，那么你将无法做到。至少，不是那种矩阵结构。
这是因为col参数只能接受颜色向量；它不能接受矩阵或向量列表或任何其他与传递给 height 参数的主矩阵输入相对应的东西。如果您尝试提供过长的颜色矢量，barplot() 会忽略多余部分。
基于Stacked bar plot with different combinations of colors in R，解决方案是在矩阵中偏移每个条，将所有相邻列设置为零，从而允许您为每个条中的每个条段设置不同的颜色。
将数据整理成所需的形状并不容易，但在@ak运行 对我刚才提出的问题的回答的帮助下，
pd <- lapply(df[-1],function(v) do.call(cbind,rle(v)));
height <- as.matrix(setNames(reshape(cbind(id=1:sum(sapply(pd,nrow)),stack(lapply(pd,function(x) x[,'lengths']))),dir='w',timevar='ind')[-1],names(pd)));
height[is.na(height)] <- 0;
col <- c('blue','yellow','red')[do.call(c,sapply(pd,function(x) x[,'values']))+1];
barplot(t(apply(height,1,rev)),col=col,horiz=T,axes=F);
axis(1,0:(nrow(df)-1),labels=df$date);
title('Horizontal Stacked Bar Plot');
下面是数据，供参考：
pd;
## $a
## lengths values
## [1,] 2 0
## [2,] 2 1
## [3,] 1 0
## [4,] 1 1
## [5,] 3 0
## [6,] 1 1
## [7,] 3 0
## [8,] 1 1
## [9,] 13 0
## [10,] 22 2
## [11,] 12 0
## [12,] 4 1
## [13,] 3 0
## [14,] 2 1
## [15,] 3 0
## [16,] 2 1
## [17,] 1 0
## [18,] 1 1
## [19,] 8 0
## [20,] 1 1
##
## $b
## lengths values
## [1,] 1 0
## [2,] 2 1
## [3,] 4 0
## [4,] 2 1
## [5,] 3 0
## [6,] 1 1
## [7,] 9 0
## [8,] 22 2
## [9,] 3 0
## [10,] 1 1
## [11,] 10 0
## [12,] 1 1
## [13,] 7 0
## [14,] 3 1
## [15,] 5 0
## [16,] 2 1
## [17,] 5 0
## [18,] 5 1
##
## $c
## lengths values
## [1,] 2 1
## [2,] 3 0
## [3,] 1 1
## [4,] 1 0
## [5,] 1 1
## [6,] 1 0
## [7,] 1 1
## [8,] 1 0
## [9,] 1 1
## [10,] 13 0
## [11,] 30 2
## [12,] 16 0
## [13,] 1 1
## [14,] 7 0
## [15,] 3 1
## [16,] 4 0
##
height;
## a b c
## 1 2 0 0
## 2 2 0 0
## 3 1 0 0
## 4 1 0 0
## 5 3 0 0
## 6 1 0 0
## 7 3 0 0
## 8 1 0 0
## 9 13 0 0
## 10 22 0 0
## 11 12 0 0
## 12 4 0 0
## 13 3 0 0
## 14 2 0 0
## 15 3 0 0
## 16 2 0 0
## 17 1 0 0
## 18 1 0 0
## 19 8 0 0
## 20 1 0 0
## 21 0 1 0
## 22 0 2 0
## 23 0 4 0
## 24 0 2 0
## 25 0 3 0
## 26 0 1 0
## 27 0 9 0
## 28 0 22 0
## 29 0 3 0
## 30 0 1 0
## 31 0 10 0
## 32 0 1 0
## 33 0 7 0
## 34 0 3 0
## 35 0 5 0
## 36 0 2 0
## 37 0 5 0
## 38 0 5 0
## 39 0 0 2
## 40 0 0 3
## 41 0 0 1
## 42 0 0 1
## 43 0 0 1
## 44 0 0 1
## 45 0 0 1
## 46 0 0 1
## 47 0 0 1
## 48 0 0 13
## 49 0 0 30
## 50 0 0 16
## 51 0 0 1
## 52 0 0 7
## 53 0 0 3
## 54 0 0 4
col;
## [1] "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "red" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue"
## [24] "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "red" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue"
## [47] "yellow" "blue" "red" "blue" "yellow" "blue" "yellow" "blue"
最后，我确实尝试在没有 运行 长度步长的情况下构建绘图，而是将每个数据点视为其自己的片段。这行得通（尽管您仍然必须执行偏移操作），但可能不是您想要的。这是它的屏幕截图：
这是代码，如果你更喜欢这个：
pd <- lapply(df[-1],function(v) rep(1,length(v)));
height <- as.matrix(setNames(reshape(cbind(id=1:sum(sapply(pd,length)),stack(lapply(pd,function(x) x))),dir='w',timevar='ind')[-1],names(pd)));
height[is.na(height)] <- 0;
col <- c('blue','yellow','red')[do.call(c,df[-1]+1)];
barplot(t(apply(height,1,rev)),col=col,horiz=T,axes=F);
axis(1,0:(nrow(df)-1),labels=df$date);
title('Horizontal Stacked Bar Plot');
对于 ggplot2 图，首先将 df 转换为长格式（使用 reshape2 包中的 melt），将日期列转换为 "Date" class 并将 value 列转换为因子然后使用 geom_tile:
library(ggplot2)
library(reshape2)
long <- melt(df, measure.var = 2:4)
long <- transform(long, date = as.Date(long$date, "%d/%m/%Y"), value = factor(value))
ggplot(long, aes(date, variable)) +
geom_tile(aes(fill = value)) +
scale_fill_manual(values = c("blue", "yellow", "red"))