在 NLTK 中使用块标签(而非 NER)在句子中创建关系 |自然语言处理

Creating relations in sentence using chunk tags (not NER) with NLTK | NLP

我正在尝试创建自定义块标签并从中提取关系。以下是将我带到级联块树的代码。

grammar = r"""
  NPH: {<DT|JJ|NN.*>+}          # Chunk sequences of DT, JJ, NN
  PPH: {<IN><NP>}               # Chunk prepositions followed by NP
  VPH: {<VB.*><NP|PP|CLAUSE>+$} # Chunk verbs and their arguments
  CLAUSE: {<NP><VP>}           # Chunk NP, VP
  """
cp = nltk.RegexpParser(grammar)
sentence = [("Mary", "NN"), ("saw", "VBD"), ("the", "DT"), ("cat", "NN"),
    ("sit", "VB"), ("on", "IN"), ("the", "DT"), ("mat", "NN")]


chunked = cp.parse(sentence)

输出-

(小号 (NPHMary/NN) saw/VBD (NPHthe/DTcat/NN) sit/VB on/IN (NPH the/DT mat/NN))

现在我尝试使用 nltk.sem.extract_rels 函数提取 NPH 标记值与文本之间的关系,但它似乎仅适用于使用 ne_chunk 函数生成的命名实体。

IN = re.compile(r'.*\bon\b')
for rel in nltk.sem.extract_rels('NPH', 'NPH', chunked,corpus='ieer',pattern = IN):
        print(nltk.sem.rtuple(rel))

这会产生以下错误 -

ValueError:您的主题类型值未被识别:NPH

有没有简单的方法只使用块标签来创建关系,因为我真的不想重新训练 NER 模型来检测我的块标签作为各自的命名实体

谢谢!

  1. extract_rels (doc) 检查参数 subjclassobjclass 是否是已知的 NE 标签,因此出现 NPH.
  2. 的错误
  3. 简单的临时方法是重写自定义的 extract_rels 函数(如下示例)。

    import nltk
    import re
    
    grammar = r"""
      NPH: {<DT|JJ|NN.*>+}          # Chunk sequences of DT, JJ, NN
      PPH: {<IN><NP>}               # Chunk prepositions followed by NP
      VPH: {<VB.*><NP|PP|CLAUSE>+$} # Chunk verbs and their arguments
      CLAUSE: {<NP><VP>}           # Chunk NP, VP
      """
    cp = nltk.RegexpParser(grammar)
    sentence = [("Mary", "NN"), ("saw", "VBD"), ("the", "DT"), ("cat", "NN"),
        ("sit", "VB"), ("on", "IN"), ("the", "DT"), ("mat", "NN")]
    
    chunked = cp.parse(sentence)
    
    IN = re.compile(r'.*\bon\b')
    
    def extract_rels(subjclass, objclass, chunked, pattern):
    
        # padding because this function checks right context
        pairs = nltk.sem.relextract.tree2semi_rel(chunked) + [[[]]] 
    
        reldicts = nltk.sem.relextract.semi_rel2reldict(pairs)
    
        relfilter = lambda x: (x['subjclass'] == subjclass and
                               pattern.match(x['filler']) and
                               x['objclass'] == objclass)
    
    
        return list(filter(relfilter, reldicts))
    
    for e in extract_rels('NPH', 'NPH', chunked, pattern=IN):
        print(nltk.sem.rtuple(e))
    

    输出:

    [NPH: 'the/DT cat/NN'] 'sit/VB on/IN' [NPH: 'the/DT mat/NN']