如何使用 pipenv 解决 Python 包依赖？

Question

我正在使用 pipenv 来处理 Python 包依赖关系。

Python 包正在使用两个包（名为 pckg1 和 pckg2），它们依赖于名为 pckg3、 的同一个包，但是来自两个不同的版本。显示依赖关系树：

$ pipenv graph
  pckg1==3.0.0
    - pckg3 [required: >=4.1.0]
  pckg2==1.0.2
    - pckg3 [required: ==4.0.11]

尝试安装依赖项：

$ pipenv install

Warning: Your dependencies could not be resolved. You likely have a mismatch in your sub-dependencies.
You can use $ pipenv install --skip-lock to bypass this mechanism, then run $ pipenv graph to inspect the situation.
Hint: try $ pipenv lock --pre if it is a pre-release dependency.
Could not find a version that matches pckg3==4.0.11,==4.1.0,>=4.1.0 (from -r C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Temp\pipenv-o7uxm080-requirements\pipenv-hwekv7dc-constraints.txt (line 2))
Tried: 3.3.1, 3.3.2, 3.3.3, 3.4.0, 3.4.2, 4.0.0, 4.0.0, 4.0.1, 4.0.1, 4.0.2, 4.0.2, 4.0.3, 4.0.3, 4.0.4, 4.0.4, 4.0.6, 4.0.6, 4.0.8, 4.0.8, 4.0.9, 4.0.9, 4.0.10, 4.0.10, 4.0.11, 4.0.11, 4.1.0, 4.1.0, 4.1.1, 4.1.1, 4.1.2, 4.1.2, 4.2.1, 4.2.1, 4.3.0, 4.3.0
There are incompatible versions in the resolved dependencies.

如建议的那样，pip install --skip-lock 可以解决问题，但依赖关系树仍未解决。

我很想告诉 Pipenv 覆盖 pckg2 的要求，并指定 pckg3>=4.1.0。

如何解决？

Answer 1

你不能。目前，pipenv 不提供任何明确覆盖需求约束的功能。

作为解决方法，您可以将要覆盖的依赖项放入 dev-packages，因为它们将被 packages 覆盖，因此 Pipfile 应该安装 pckg3>=4.1.0 :

# Pipfile
...
[packages]
pckg1 = "==3.0.0"

[dev-packages]
pckg2 = "==1.0.2"

如果您现在锁定并安装：

$ pipenv lock --dev
$ pipenv install --dev

要求 ==4.0.11 将被 >=4.1.0 覆盖。如果你问我，这很难看，因为这不是开发包的目的，你正在改变 pckg2 依赖项在项目中的作用，但我在这里看不到更好的方法。

Answer 2

我经常遇到这个错误。每次清除锁定文件中的缓存都非常有效。

$ pipenv lock --pre --clear

Answer 3

我遇到了与 google-cloud-core 类似的问题。

$ pipenv lock
Locking [dev-packages] dependencies…
Locking [packages] dependencies…

Warning: Your dependencies could not be resolved. You likely have a mismatch in your sub-dependencies.
  First try clearing your dependency cache with $ pipenv lock --clear, then try the original command again.
 Alternatively, you can use $ pipenv install --skip-lock to bypass this mechanism, then run $ pipenv graph to inspect the situation.
  Hint: try $ pipenv lock --pre if it is a pre-release dependency.
Could not find a version that matches google-cloud-core<0.29dev,<0.30dev,>=0.28.0,>=0.29.0
Tried: 0.20.0, 0.20.0, 0.21.0, 0.21.0, 0.22.0, 0.22.0, 0.22.1, 0.22.1, 0.23.0, 0.23.0, 0.23.1, 0.23.1, 0.24.0, 0.24.0, 0.24.1, 0.24.1, 0.25.0, 0.25.0, 0.26.0, 0.26.0, 0.27.0, 0.27.0, 0.27.1, 0.27.1, 0.28.0, 0.28.0, 0.28.1, 0.28.1, 0.29.0, 0.29.0
There are incompatible versions in the resolved dependencies.

解决了

rm -rf Pipfile.lock
pipenv 更新

Answer 4

我对 glob 模块有类似的问题。我从 Pipfile 中删除了 glob = "*"，之后它运行良好。

错误：

bash-4.2# pipenv lock  --clear
Locking [dev-packages] dependencies…
✔ Success! 
Locking [packages] dependencies…
✘ Locking Failed! 
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:   File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pipenv/resolver.py", line 69, in resolve
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:       req_dir=requirements_dir
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:   File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pipenv/utils.py", line 726, in resolve_deps
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:       req_dir=req_dir,
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:   File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pipenv/utils.py", line 480, in actually_resolve_deps
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:       resolved_tree = resolver.resolve()
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:   File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pipenv/utils.py", line 395, in resolve
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:       raise ResolutionFailure(message=str(e))
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:       pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure: ERROR: ERROR: Could not find a version that matches glob
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:       No versions found
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]: Warning: Your dependencies could not be resolved. You likely have a mismatch in your sub-dependencies.
  First try clearing your dependency cache with $ pipenv lock --clear, then try the original command again.
 Alternatively, you can use $ pipenv install --skip-lock to bypass this mechanism, then run $ pipenv graph to inspect the situation.
  Hint: try $ pipenv lock --pre if it is a pre-release dependency.
ERROR: ERROR: Could not find a version that matches glob
No versions found
Was https://pypi.org/simple reachable?
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:       req_dir=requirements_dir
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:   File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pipenv/utils.py", line 726, in resolve_deps
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:       req_dir=req_dir,
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:   File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pipenv/utils.py", line 480, in actually_resolve_deps
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:       resolved_tree = resolver.resolve()
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:   File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pipenv/utils.py", line 395, in resolve
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:       raise ResolutionFailure(message=str(e))
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:       pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure: ERROR: ERROR: Could not find a version that matches glob
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:       No versions found
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]: Warning: Your dependencies could not be resolved. You likely have a mismatch in your sub-dependencies.
  First try clearing your dependency cache with $ pipenv lock --clear, then try the original command again.
 Alternatively, you can use $ pipenv install --skip-lock to bypass this mechanism, then run $ pipenv graph to inspect the situation.
  Hint: try $ pipenv lock --pre if it is a pre-release dependency.
ERROR: ERROR: Could not find a version that matches glob
No versions found
Was https://pypi.org/simple reachable?

Answer 5

如果您收到如下错误：

Locking [dev-packages] dependencies…
Locking [packages] dependencies…
✘ Locking Failed!

对我来说，这是因为底层虚拟环境没有引用我的当前目录。

我通过将内容移动到新目录并删除旧目录解决了这个问题。

我还必须删除 Pipfile 和 Pipfile.lock，但我不确定是否有必要。

Answer 6

pipenv lock
Locking [dev-packages] dependencies…
Locking [packages] dependencies…

Warning: Your dependencies could not be resolved. You likely have a mismatch in your sub-dependencies.
  First try clearing your dependency cache with $ pipenv lock --clear, then try the original command again.
 Alternatively, you can use $ pipenv install --skip-lock to bypass this mechanism, then run $ pipenv graph to inspect the situation.
  Hint: try $ pipenv lock --pre if it is a pre-release dependency.

pipenv 安装 --clean

Answer 7

我也遇到了同样的情况，我正在使用 Visual Studio 代码并且我能够摆脱它：

从您的 python 文件夹中删除除 *.py 之外的所有文件（.vscode、pycache、* 该文件夹中的虚拟环境）
创建一个新的 virtualenv 环境（名称）
new\scripts\activate.bat

然后尝试为虚拟文件夹安装缺少的依赖项，一切顺利，它对我有用。

Answer 8

在 Windows 10 上，使用 VS Code 我在 Powershell 中运行 pipenv 乱七八糟之后得到了全新安装。我也删除了之前尝试的所有痕迹（新目录删除了之前的venvs）。

Answer 9

这在 pipfile 上有未完成的例程时有效。

有一次我犯了错误运行

pipenv install codecove # With an 'e' at the end

并且 pipenv 一直试图完成安装但没有成功，因为 lib 不存在。我解决了它：

pipenv uninstall codecove

并在之后安装了 codecov。

我试过运行

pipenv lock --clear
pipenv lock --pre --clear

但只有在卸载了名称错误的库后我才成功。

Answer 10

这里没有对我有用的东西。最终这解决了问题：

pip uninstall pipenv
pip install pipenv

Answer 11

如果你运行进入Locking Failed!错误：

Locking [dev-packages] dependencies…
Locking [packages] dependencies…
✘ Locking Failed!

正在 pipfile.lock 上清除缓存，正在卸载 您的程序包并重新启动 VM 对我有用。

尝试：

pipenv uninstall *YourPackage*
pipenv uninstall *YourPackage* --dev   ##(if relevant to your package)
pipenv lock --clear

停止并销毁 VM

重启虚拟机

希望对您有所帮助！

Answer 12

pip install -U pipenv

为我解决了 Ubuntu 21.04 - 多毛河马 - python 版本 3.9.5

此命令安装了那些软件包：

appdirs-1.4.4
certifi-2021.5.30
distlib-0.3.2
filelock-3.0.12
pipenv-2021.5.29
6-1.16.0
virtualenv-20.4.7
virtualenv-clone-0.5.4

Answer 13

在 virtualenv 中更新 pip 对我有用：py -m pip install --upgrade pip

如何使用 pipenv 解决 Python 包依赖？

How to resolve Python package dependencies with pipenv?

python

dependencies

pip

python-3.x

pipenv