Vega 无法始终如一地呈现规范

Vega not rendering spec consistently

场景

我正在使用 Altair 在 python 中制作图表。但是,当我将图表保存到 HTML 并打开文件时,呈现的图表有所不同。特别是,图例在 HTML 文件中是水平的,而在我的 Jupyter Notebook 中呈现时是垂直的。更重要的是,当我使用 link created int he HTML 来使用 Vega 编辑器时,它再次呈现为垂直图例。

HTML 使 vega-lite 渲染带有垂直图例缺少什么?

我的Python代码

import altair as alt
import json

chart = alt.Chart.from_dict(json.loads("""
    {
      "config": {"view": {"width": 400, "height": 300}},
      "data": {
        "values": [
          {"X": "Thing1", "Y": "ThatA", "Value": 1},
          {"X": "Thing1", "Y": "ThatB", "Value": 3},
          {"X": "Thing2", "Y": "ThatA", "Value": 2},
          {"X": "Thing2", "Y": "ThatB", "Value": 4}
        ]
      },
      "mark": "bar",
      "encoding": {
        "color": {"type": "quantitative", "field": "Value"},
        "x": {"type": "nominal", "field": "X"},
        "y": {"type": "nominal", "field": "Y"}
      },
      "height": 300,
      "width": 500,
      "$schema": "https://vega.github.io/schema/vega-lite/v2.4.3.json"
    }"""
))

chart

呈现为

保存

chart.savechart('test.html')

生产

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <style>
    .vega-actions a {
        margin-right: 12px;
        color: #757575;
        font-weight: normal;
        font-size: 13px;
    }
    .error {
        color: red;
    }
  </style>

<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm//vega@3.3.1"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm//vega-lite@2.4.3"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm//vega-embed@3.11"></script>

</head>
<body>
  <div id="vis"></div>
  <script type="text/javascript">
    var spec = {"config": {"view": {"width": 400, "height": 300}}, "data": {"values": [{"X": "Thing1", "Y": "ThatA", "Value": 1}, {"X": "Thing1", "Y": "ThatB", "Value": 3}, {"X": "Thing2", "Y": "ThatA", "Value": 2}, {"X": "Thing2", "Y": "ThatB", "Value": 4}]}, "mark": "bar", "encoding": {"color": {"type": "quantitative", "field": "Value"}, "x": {"type": "nominal", "field": "X"}, "y": {"type": "nominal", "field": "Y"}}, "height": 300, "width": 500, "$schema": "https://vega.github.io/schema/vega-lite/v2.4.3.json"};
    var embed_opt = {"mode": "vega-lite"};

    function showError(el, error){
        el.innerHTML = ('<div class="error">'
                        + '<p>JavaScript Error: ' + error.message + '</p>'
                        + "<p>This usually means there's a typo in your chart specification. "
                        + "See the javascript console for the full traceback.</p>"
                        + '</div>');
        throw error;
    }
    const el = document.getElementById('vis');
    vegaEmbed("#vis", spec, embed_opt)
      .catch(error => showError(el, error));
  </script>
</body>
</html>

如果您 运行 该片段,您将看到带有水平图例的图表。如果您按照 link 进行编辑,您将再次看到一个垂直图例,如下所示:

Vega-Lite 在 2.5 版本中改变了它渲染图例的方式。以前,连续图例是垂直的,而在 2.5 版和更新版本中,图例是水平的。所以问题的根源是你在这两种情况下使用了不同版本的 Vega-Lite。

JupyterLab 或 Jupyter notebook 前端使用的 vega-lite 版本由前端扩展控制,它不是 Altair 库的一部分。如果你想要一个更新的渲染器,那么你可以更新前端扩展(如果你使用的是 Jupyter 笔记本,这就是 vega-extension if you are using JupyterLab, or the ipyvega package)。

另一方面,当您调用 save() 时,它会生成 HTML,它不依赖于前端,而是从网络加载最新的 javascript 库。

如果您想在 Vega-Lite 2.5 或更新版本中明确选择垂直图例方向,可以在颜色编码中使用 "legend": {"direction": "vertical"}