按小时计算的总分钟数

Question

我在数据 table 中有两个字段 - "startTime" 和 "endTime." 这两个字段表示用户在特定任务上花费的持续时间。这些是 varchar 字段。因此，假设我们的开始时间为“21:05:00”，结束时间为“22:09:00”。我需要代码来计算第 21 小时和 2200 小时的总分钟数（即 9 分钟）。所以，不只是简单的分钟差异，而是按小时细分。

最好的方法是什么？

到目前为止，我已经创建了一个 table，它将 return 24 小时内所有可能的时间。这是一个示例：

Hour    startTime                endTime
0       2015-01-01 00:00:00.000  2015-01-01 01:00:00.000
1       2015-01-01 01:00:00.000  2015-01-01 02:00:00.000
2       2015-01-01 02:00:00.000  2015-01-01 03:00:00.000

并且我已将 startTime 字段从 varchar 转换为 dateteime 并将其命名为 sessionHour:

Convert(datetime, startTime) As sessionHour

此外，我可以通过以下方式获得开始时间的小时数：

DateAdd(Minute, 60 * (DateDiff(Minute, 0, startTime) / 60), 0)  As hourOf

除此之外，我不知道如何解析出每小时的分钟数。

Answer 1

您可能需要查看 datepart() 函数，它会帮助您更清晰地处理日期。例如：

select @endOfHour = dateadd(hour,
    1,
    datetimefromparts(
        datepart(year, @startTime),
        datepart(month, @startTime),
        datepart(day, @startTime),
        datepart(hour, @startTime),
        0,
        0,
        0));


select h.theHour, @startTime, @endOfHour, datediff(minute, @startTime, @endOfHour)
from ListOfHours as h
where datepart(hour, @startTime) = h.Hour;

Answer 2

你们很亲近。您只需要将数字 table 与数据结合起来。我将使用 CROSS APPLY for it. Here is SQLFiddle 作为最终解决方案。

示例数据

DECLARE @Durations TABLE (ID int IDENTITY(1,1), StartTime datetime, EndTime datetime);

INSERT INTO @Durations VALUES
('2015-01-01 21:05:00', '2015-01-01 22:09:00'),
('2015-01-01 01:05:00', '2015-01-01 01:20:00'),
('2015-01-01 11:05:00', '2015-01-01 13:09:00'),
('2015-01-01 15:05:00', '2015-01-01 17:50:00'),
('2015-01-01 16:30:00', '2015-01-01 17:20:00');

我将从头开始使用 datetime 类型，因为您已将 varchar 值转换为正确的 datetime.

我将使用 table 个数字。它的行数应与数据中最长的持续时间（以小时为单位）一样多。它可能超过 24。一般来说，在数据库中有这样的 table 对于其他报告是有用的。

DECLARE @Numbers TABLE (Number int);
INSERT INTO @Numbers VALUES (0),(1),(2),(3),(4),(5),(6),(7),(8),(9),(10);
-- Number of rows in this table should be more than the longest duration in hours

我需要一些时间参考点来删除 datetime 的微小部分。只要没有分和秒，它可以是任何日期时间。

DECLARE @VarStart datetime;
SET @VarStart = '2000-01-01';

主要步骤——展开数据

SELECT *
FROM
    @Durations AS D
    CROSS APPLY
    (
        SELECT N.Number
        FROM @Numbers AS N
        WHERE N.Number <= DATEDIFF(hour, StartTime, EndTime)
    ) AS CA_Number
ORDER BY ID;

ID   StartTime              EndTime                Number
1    2015-01-01 21:05:00    2015-01-01 22:09:00    0
1    2015-01-01 21:05:00    2015-01-01 22:09:00    1
2    2015-01-01 01:05:00    2015-01-01 01:20:00    0
3    2015-01-01 11:05:00    2015-01-01 13:09:00    0
3    2015-01-01 11:05:00    2015-01-01 13:09:00    1
3    2015-01-01 11:05:00    2015-01-01 13:09:00    2
4    2015-01-01 15:05:00    2015-01-01 17:50:00    0
4    2015-01-01 15:05:00    2015-01-01 17:50:00    1
4    2015-01-01 15:05:00    2015-01-01 17:50:00    2
5    2015-01-01 16:30:00    2015-01-01 17:20:00    0
5    2015-01-01 16:30:00    2015-01-01 17:20:00    1

您可以看到我们根据原始行的持续时间为每个原始行创建了多个行。剩下的就是简单的算术了。

每小时分钟数

SELECT *
    ,DATEDIFF(minute, MaxStart, MinEnd) AS MinutesPerHour
FROM
    @Durations AS D
    CROSS APPLY
    (
        SELECT N.Number
        FROM @Numbers AS N
        WHERE N.Number <= DATEDIFF(hour, StartTime, EndTime)
    ) AS CA_Number
    CROSS APPLY
    (
        SELECT
            DATEADD(hour, CA_Number.Number, StartTime) AS HourStart
            ,DATEADD(hour, CA_Number.Number+1, StartTime) AS HourEnd
    ) AS CA_HourEnd
    CROSS APPLY
    (
        -- Truncate to 1 hour.
        SELECT
            DATEADD(hour, DATEDIFF(hour, @VarStart, HourStart), @VarStart) AS HourStartFinal
            ,DATEADD(hour, DATEDIFF(hour, @VarStart, HourEnd), @VarStart) AS HourEndFinal
    ) AS CA_HourEndFinal
    -- Intersect intervals [StartTime, EndTime] with [HourStartFinal, HourEndFinal]
    CROSS APPLY
    (
        SELECT
            CASE WHEN StartTime > HourStartFinal THEN StartTime ELSE HourStartFinal END AS MaxStart
            ,CASE WHEN EndTime < HourEndFinal THEN EndTime ELSE HourEndFinal END AS MinEnd
    ) AS CA_Intersect
ORDER BY ID;

在 CA_HourEnd 和 CA_HourEndFinal 中，我使用 Number 计算小时边界。然后相交两个间隔并计算每个交叉点的分钟数。这是结果集：

ID   StartTime              EndTime                Number    HourStart              HourEnd                HourStartFinal         HourEndFinal           MaxStart               MinEnd                 MinutesPerHour
1    2015-01-01 21:05:00    2015-01-01 22:09:00    0         2015-01-01 21:05:00    2015-01-01 22:05:00    2015-01-01 21:00:00    2015-01-01 22:00:00    2015-01-01 21:05:00    2015-01-01 22:00:00    55
1    2015-01-01 21:05:00    2015-01-01 22:09:00    1         2015-01-01 22:05:00    2015-01-01 23:05:00    2015-01-01 22:00:00    2015-01-01 23:00:00    2015-01-01 22:00:00    2015-01-01 22:09:00    9
2    2015-01-01 01:05:00    2015-01-01 01:20:00    0         2015-01-01 01:05:00    2015-01-01 02:05:00    2015-01-01 01:00:00    2015-01-01 02:00:00    2015-01-01 01:05:00    2015-01-01 01:20:00    15
3    2015-01-01 11:05:00    2015-01-01 13:09:00    0         2015-01-01 11:05:00    2015-01-01 12:05:00    2015-01-01 11:00:00    2015-01-01 12:00:00    2015-01-01 11:05:00    2015-01-01 12:00:00    55
3    2015-01-01 11:05:00    2015-01-01 13:09:00    1         2015-01-01 12:05:00    2015-01-01 13:05:00    2015-01-01 12:00:00    2015-01-01 13:00:00    2015-01-01 12:00:00    2015-01-01 13:00:00    60
3    2015-01-01 11:05:00    2015-01-01 13:09:00    2         2015-01-01 13:05:00    2015-01-01 14:05:00    2015-01-01 13:00:00    2015-01-01 14:00:00    2015-01-01 13:00:00    2015-01-01 13:09:00    9
4    2015-01-01 15:05:00    2015-01-01 17:50:00    0         2015-01-01 15:05:00    2015-01-01 16:05:00    2015-01-01 15:00:00    2015-01-01 16:00:00    2015-01-01 15:05:00    2015-01-01 16:00:00    55
4    2015-01-01 15:05:00    2015-01-01 17:50:00    1         2015-01-01 16:05:00    2015-01-01 17:05:00    2015-01-01 16:00:00    2015-01-01 17:00:00    2015-01-01 16:00:00    2015-01-01 17:00:00    60
4    2015-01-01 15:05:00    2015-01-01 17:50:00    2         2015-01-01 17:05:00    2015-01-01 18:05:00    2015-01-01 17:00:00    2015-01-01 18:00:00    2015-01-01 17:00:00    2015-01-01 17:50:00    50
5    2015-01-01 16:30:00    2015-01-01 17:20:00    0         2015-01-01 16:30:00    2015-01-01 17:30:00    2015-01-01 16:00:00    2015-01-01 17:00:00    2015-01-01 16:30:00    2015-01-01 17:00:00    30
5    2015-01-01 16:30:00    2015-01-01 17:20:00    1         2015-01-01 17:30:00    2015-01-01 18:30:00    2015-01-01 17:00:00    2015-01-01 18:00:00    2015-01-01 17:00:00    2015-01-01 17:20:00    20

最终查询

最后，我将按小时分组的分钟相加：

SELECT
    HourStartFinal
    ,SUM(DATEDIFF(minute, MaxStart, MinEnd)) AS SumMinutesPerHour
FROM
    @Durations AS D
    CROSS APPLY
    (
        SELECT N.Number
        FROM @Numbers AS N
        WHERE N.Number <= DATEDIFF(hour, StartTime, EndTime)
    ) AS CA_Number
    CROSS APPLY
    (
        SELECT
            DATEADD(hour, CA_Number.Number, StartTime) AS HourStart
            ,DATEADD(hour, CA_Number.Number+1, StartTime) AS HourEnd
    ) AS CA_HourEnd
    CROSS APPLY
    (
        -- Truncate to 1 hour.
        SELECT
            DATEADD(hour, DATEDIFF(hour, @VarStart, HourStart), @VarStart) AS HourStartFinal
            ,DATEADD(hour, DATEDIFF(hour, @VarStart, HourEnd), @VarStart) AS HourEndFinal
    ) AS CA_HourEndFinal
    -- Intersect intervals [StartTime, EndTime] with [HourStartFinal, HourEndFinal]
    CROSS APPLY
    (
        SELECT
            CASE WHEN StartTime > HourStartFinal THEN StartTime ELSE HourStartFinal END AS MaxStart
            ,CASE WHEN EndTime < HourEndFinal THEN EndTime ELSE HourEndFinal END AS MinEnd
    ) AS CA_Intersect
GROUP BY HourStartFinal
ORDER BY HourStartFinal;

最终结果集

HourStartFinal             SumMinutesPerHour
2015-01-01 01:00:00.000    15
2015-01-01 11:00:00.000    55
2015-01-01 12:00:00.000    60
2015-01-01 13:00:00.000    9
2015-01-01 15:00:00.000    55
2015-01-01 16:00:00.000    90
2015-01-01 17:00:00.000    70
2015-01-01 21:00:00.000    55
2015-01-01 22:00:00.000    9

SQLFiddle

Answer 3

虽然 Vladimir Baranov 的答案是正确的，但它使用了很多 CROSS APPLY。

另一种按小时获取分钟的方法，可以使用在 starttime 和 endtime 范围内的事实，除了第一个小时和最后一个小时之外，所有其他时间都将 minutediff 小时为 60.

我们可以使用它来构建我们的逻辑，像这样。

DECLARE @UserTask TABLE (ID int IDENTITY(1,1),UserID INT,TaskID INT, StartTime datetime, EndTime datetime);

INSERT INTO @UserTask VALUES
(1,1,'2015-01-01 21:05:00', '2015-01-01 22:09:00'),
(1,1,'2015-01-01 01:05:00', '2015-01-01 01:20:00'),
(1,1,'2015-01-01 11:05:00', '2015-01-01 13:09:00'),
(1,1,'2015-01-01 15:05:00', '2015-01-01 17:50:00'),
(1,1,'2015-01-01 16:30:00', '2015-01-01 17:20:00'),
(2,2,'2015-01-01 21:05:00', '2015-01-01 22:09:00');

;WITH CTENum AS 
(
SELECT 1 rn UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1
), CTEHours as 
(
SELECT TOP 24 ROW_NUMBER()OVER(ORDER BY c1.rn) - 1 rn FROM CTENum c1 CROSS JOIN CTENum c2
)
SELECT ID,UserID,TaskID,StartTime,EndTime,rn as DayHour,
CASE WHEN r_asc = 1 AND r_desc = 1 THEN DATEDIFF(minute,StartTime,EndTime) 
WHEN r_asc = 1 THEN 60 - DATEPART(minute,StartTime)
WHEN r_desc = 1 THEN DATEPART(minute,EndTime)
ELSE 60 END MinuteTime
FROM @UserTask
CROSS APPLY(
SELECT *,ROW_NUMBER()OVER(ORDER BY rn ASC) r_asc,ROW_NUMBER()OVER(ORDER BY rn DESC) r_desc
FROM CTEHours C
WHERE C.rn BETWEEN DATEDIFF(hour,CONVERT(VARCHAR(10),StartTime,112),StartTime) AND DATEDIFF(hour,CONVERT(VARCHAR(10),StartTime,112),EndTime)
) N
ORDER BY ID,DayHour

按小时计算的总分钟数

Total Minutes by Hour

sql-server

sql-server-2005

主要步骤——展开数据