需要帮助将子元素中的文本替换为 XML 中多个子元素的文本

Need help replacing text in a sub-element with text from multiple sub-elements in an XML

我正在尝试用树中其他子元素的文本替换 XML 树中的值文本。我是 Python 的新手,需要一些关于如何编写此内容的帮助。

我的 XML 示例,其中省略了一些长度元素:

<SalesOrder>
  <SalesOrderLines>
    <SalesOrderLine>
      <Item>
        <LineNo>1</LineNo>
        <Quantity>4.00</Quantity>
      </Item>
      <ConfigurationDetails>
         <ConfigurationDetail>
          <ConfigurationAttribute>
            <Name>ConfigurationModel</Name>
            <Value>HV</Value>
          </ConfigurationAttribute>
          <ConfigurationAttribute>
            <Name>EXWidth</Name>
            <Value>59.5</Value>
          </ConfigurationAttribute>
          <ConfigurationAttribute>
            <Name>EXHeight</Name>
            <Value>59.5</Value>
          </ConfigurationAttribute>
          <ConfigurationAttribute>
            <Name>Handing</Name>
            <Value>XO</Value>
          </ConfigurationAttribute>
          <ConfigurationAttribute>
            <Name>LongDescription</Name>
            <Value>This is a long paragraph of text i want to replace with 
            the above text for the Value sub-element</Value>
          </ConfigurationAttribute>
        </ConfigurationDetail>
      </ConfigurationDetails>
    </SalesOrderLine>
  </SalesOrderLines>
</SalesOrder>

这是我第一次尝试 Python 使用 ElementTree 库的代码:

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

from tkinter import Tk
from tkinter.filedialog import askopenfilename, asksaveasfilename

Tk().withdraw()
file = askopenfilename()

tree = ET.parse(file)
root = tree.getroot()

def model():
    for ConfigurationAttribute in root.iter('ConfigurationAttribute'):
        descrip = ConfigurationAttribute.find('Name').text
        model = ''

        if descrip == 'ConfigurationModel':
            model = ConfigurationAttribute.find('Value').text

def handing():
    for ConfigurationAttribute in root.iter('ConfigurationAttribute'):
        descrip = ConfigurationAttribute.find('Name').text
        handing = ''

        if descrip == 'Handing' and ConfigurationAttribute.find('Value') is 
not None:
            handing = ConfigurationAttribute.find('Value').text

def width():
    for ConfigurationAttribute in root.iter('ConfigurationAttribute'):
        descrip = ConfigurationAttribute.find('Name').text
        width = ''

        if descrip == 'EXWidth':
            width = ConfigurationAttribute.find('Value').text

def height():
    for ConfigurationAttribute in root.iter('ConfigurationAttribute'):
        descrip = ConfigurationAttribute.find('Name').text
        height = ''

         if descrip == 'EXHeight':
            height = ConfigurationAttribute.find('Value').text

for ConfigurationAttribute in root.iter('ConfigurationAttribute'):
    descrip = ConfigurationAttribute.find('Name').text

    if descrip == 'LongDescription':
        model()
        handing()
        width()
        height()        
        ConfigurationAttribute.find('Value').text = str(model), str(handing), 
            str(width), '" x ', str(height), '"' 

tree.write(asksaveasfilename(defaultextension='.xml',))

这会输出错误。我正在查看的是 Value 子元素中的文本段落,将替换为来自 ConfigurationModel、Handing、EXWidth 和 EXHeight Name 子元素的 Value 子元素文本,如下所示:

<ConfigurationAttribute>
    <Name>LongDescription</Name>
    <Value> HV, XO, 59.5" x 59.5"</Value>
</ConfigurationAttribute>

下面是我在 运行 代码时收到的错误:

回溯(最近调用最后): 文件“\app\users\Home\natep\Documents\NP\py\PrestoParse.py”,第 59 行,位于 tree.write(asksaveasfilename(defaultextension='.xml',)) 文件 "C:\Users\natep.RANDK\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\xml\etree\ElementTree.py",第 777 行,写入中 short_empty_elements=short_empty_elements) 文件 "C:\Users\natep.RANDK\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\xml\etree\ElementTree.py",第 942 行,在 _serialize_xml 中 short_empty_elements=short_empty_elements) 文件 "C:\Users\natep.RANDK\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\xml\etree\ElementTree.py",第 942 行,在 _serialize_xml 中 short_empty_elements=short_empty_elements) 文件 "C:\Users\natep.RANDK\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\xml\etree\ElementTree.py",第 942 行,在 _serialize_xml 中 short_empty_elements=short_empty_elements) [上一行重复了 3 次] 文件 "C:\Users\natep.RANDK\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\xml\etree\ElementTree.py",第 939 行,在 _serialize_xml 中 写(_escape_cdata(文本)) TypeError: write() 参数必须是 str,而不是 tuple

在输出文件中,我尝试更改的 Value 子元素是空的,没有结束标记,现在已删除超过此标记的所有内容。

考虑一下 XSLT,设计用于转换 XML 文件的专用语言。 Python 的第三方模块,lxml 可以 运行 XSLT 1.0 脚本(不是内置的 etree)并且不需要一个循环。

具体来说,XSLT 脚本 运行s Identity Transform 可以按原样复制整个文档。然后,脚本调整最后一个 Value 节点,方法是使用条件 XPath(XSLT 的同级)表达式提取前面的同级节点,最后将文本值与逗号分隔符和所需的引号连接起来。

XSLT (另存为.xsl文件,特殊.xml文件在下面Python加载)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
    <xsl:output method="xml" indent="yes"/>

    <xsl:template match="@* | node()">
        <xsl:copy>
            <xsl:apply-templates select="@* | node()"/>
        </xsl:copy>
    </xsl:template>

    <xsl:template match="ConfigurationAttribute[Name='LongDescription']">
        <xsl:copy>
            <xsl:apply-templates select="Name"/>
            <Value>
                <xsl:value-of select="concat(preceding-sibling::ConfigurationAttribute[Name='ConfigurationModel']/Value, ', ',
                                             preceding-sibling::ConfigurationAttribute[Name='Handing']/Value, ', ',
                                             preceding-sibling::ConfigurationAttribute[Name='EXWidth']/Value, '&quot;', ' X ',
                                             preceding-sibling::ConfigurationAttribute[Name='EXHeight']/Value, '&quot;')"/>
            </Value>
        </xsl:copy>
    </xsl:template>

</xsl:stylesheet>

XSLT Fiddle Demo

Python

import lxml.etree as et

# LOAD XML AND XSL
doc = et.parse('/path/to/Input.xml')
xsl = et.parse('/path/to/XSLT_Script.xsl')

# CONFIGURE TRANSFORMER
transform = et.XSLT(xsl)    

# RUN TRANSFORMATION
result = transform(doc)

# PRINT RESULT
print(result)  

# SAVE TO FILE
with open('output.xml', 'wb') as f:
   f.write(result)