如何增加 ggplot2 中分组条之间的 space？

Question

[在 post 末尾生成图的数据和代码]

我使用 ggplot 绘制了一个带有误差条的条形图，条按两个因素分组（一个在 X 轴上，一个带有填充）。 我想增加 x 轴上各组之间的绿色距离 以使绘图更易于阅读：

我在 Whosebug 上找到了最接近解决方案的东西 here (where someone asked my question in an unanswered comment), here, here，但我没有设法在不聚集错误栏的情况下应用这些。有人可以指出我要调整的正确参数吗？

数据：

structure(list(Condition = c("Difficult", "Easy", "Difficult", 
"Easy", "Difficult", "Easy", "Difficult", "Easy", "Easy", "Difficult", 
"Easy", "Difficult"), Measure = c("Competence", "Competence", 
"Value", "Value", "Interest", "Interest", "JOL", "JOL", "Difficulty", 
"Difficulty", "Effort", "Effort"), mean = c(5.5, 4.72, 4.04, 
5.39, 3.51, 3.77, 4.34, 4.61, 3.51, 1.51, 3.44, 1.73), sd = c(1.26, 
1.62, 1.94, 1.34, 1.46, 1.46, 1.73, 1.68, 1.5, 0.86, 1.53, 1.1
), se = c(0.14, 0.18, 0.22, 0.15, 0.16, 0.16, 0.19, 0.19, 0.17, 
0.1, 0.17, 0.12), s.size = c(80, 80, 80, 80, 80, 80, 80, 80, 
80, 80, 80, 80)), .Names = c("Condition", "Measure", "mean", 
"sd", "se", "s.size"), row.names = c(NA, -12L), class = "data.frame")

即：

   Condition    Measure mean   sd   se s.size
1  Difficult Competence 5.50 1.26 0.14     80
2       Easy Competence 4.72 1.62 0.18     80
3  Difficult      Value 4.04 1.94 0.22     80
4       Easy      Value 5.39 1.34 0.15     80
5  Difficult   Interest 3.51 1.46 0.16     80
6       Easy   Interest 3.77 1.46 0.16     80
7  Difficult        JOL 4.34 1.73 0.19     80
8       Easy        JOL 4.61 1.68 0.19     80
9       Easy Difficulty 3.51 1.50 0.17     80
10 Difficult Difficulty 1.51 0.86 0.10     80
11      Easy     Effort 3.44 1.53 0.17     80
12 Difficult     Effort 1.73 1.10 0.12     80

我用来制作情节的代码（请原谅评论，我正在学习如何使用 ggplot 并发现做笔记很有帮助）

library(ggplot2)
ggplot(DF, aes(x=Measure, y=mean,fill=Condition)) + 
  geom_bar(stat="identity",
           colour="black",    # Black outline for all
           position=position_dodge())+# Put bars side-by-side instead of stacked
  geom_errorbar(aes(ymin=mean-se, ymax=mean+se),
                position=position_dodge(.9), 
                width=.25)+
  #order the groups on the xaxis
  scale_x_discrete(limits = c("Interest", "Value","Effort","Difficulty","Competence","JOL"))+
  coord_cartesian(ylim=c(0,7)) +
  #change color of bars
  scale_fill_manual(values=c("#ffcc00ff","#ffffff"), name = "Condition") + 
  #change ticks on yaxis
  scale_y_continuous(breaks=seq(0,7,by =1)) + 
  geom_hline(yintercept=0) +
  geom_vline(xintercept=0)+
  theme_bw()+
  labs(x="", y = "Rating (0-7)")+
  theme(axis.line.y = element_line(color="black"),
        axis.title.y = element_text(margin = margin(r=8)),
        axis.title.x = element_text(margin = margin(r=25)),
        panel.background = element_rect(fill = NA),
        panel.grid.major = element_blank(),
        panel.border = element_blank())

Answer 1

感谢大家的思考和 AntoniosK 对 link 的这帮助我找到了适合我的解决方案（尽管感觉有点老套）：手动更改条的宽度，调整主题中的纵横比（图的宽度与高度），调整误差条中的 position_dodge 以匹配条的宽度：

geom_bar(width = 0.7)
theme(aspect.ratio = 3/5)
geom_errorbars(position=position_dodge(.7))

（我还把图例移到了图的顶部，在屏幕截图中看不到）

Answer 2

关于什么？ 1. 使用 geom_col 而不是推荐的 geom_bar。 2. 指定合适的 position_dodge(0.5) 和 width=0.5 和 3. 删除不必要的代码。

ggplot(d, aes(x=Measure, y=mean, fill=Condition)) + 
  geom_col(colour="black",width=0.5,    
           position=position_dodge(0.5)) +
  geom_errorbar(aes(ymin=mean-se, ymax=mean+se),
                position=position_dodge(0.5), width=.25)+
  scale_x_discrete(limits = c("Interest", "Value","Effort","Difficulty","Competence","JOL")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks=seq(0,7,by =1),limits = c(0,7), expand = c(0,0))+
  scale_fill_manual(values=c("#ffcc00ff","#ffffff"), name = "Condition") + 
  labs(x="", y = "Rating (0-7)")+
  theme_minimal() +
  theme(axis.line = element_line(color="black"),
        axis.ticks = element_line(color="black"),
        panel.border = element_blank())

如何增加 ggplot2 中分组条之间的 space？

How to increase the space between grouped bars in ggplot2?

r

ggplot2

geom-bar

aesthetics