docker-compose 命令行设置的env文件

Question

所以我想使用自定义 env 文件取决于通过命令行传递的自定义环境变量。

假设我使用 docker-compose 运行命令开始撰写：

docker-compose run -e ENVIROMENT=local spring-app

然后我想根据环境变量

在我的docker-compose.yml文件中使用我的自定义.env

version: '2.1'
services:

  spring-app:
    build: .
      depends_on:
        docker-mariadb:
          condition: service_healthy
    links:
      - docker-mariadb
    ports:
      - 8080:8080
    environment:
      - SPRING_PROFILES_ACTIVE
      - DATABASE_HOST
      - DATABASE_USER
      - DATABASE_PASSWORD
      - DATABASE_NAME
      - DATABASE_PORT
    env_file:
      - ${ENVIROMENT}.env

  docker-mariadb:
    image: mariadb:latest
    restart: always
    environment:
      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=${DATABASE_PASSWORD}
      - MYSQL_DATABASE=${DATABASE_NAME}
      - MYSQL_PASSWORD=${DATABASE_PASSWORD}
    healthcheck:
      test: "/usr/bin/mysql --user=${DATABASE_USER} --password=${DATABASE_PASSWORD} --execute \"SHOW DATABASES;\""
      interval: 30s
      timeout: 10s
      retries: 5
    env_file:
      - ${ENVIROMENT}.env

我的docker文件：

FROM openjdk:10-jre-slim
VOLUME /tmp
ARG JAR_FILE="build/libs/spring-app-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar"
COPY ${JAR_FILE} spring-app.jar
ENTRYPOINT ["java","-Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom","-jar","/spring-app.jar"]

local.env:

SPRING_PROFILES_ACTIVE=prod
DATABASE_HOST=docker-mariadb
DATABASE_USER=root
DATABASE_PASSWORD=xxx
DATABASE_NAME=xxx
DATABASE_PORT=3306

当我运行这个命令时，我的自定义 ENVIROMENT 变量似乎没有被设置并且 docker 仍然想使用默认的 .env 文件。这是我的错误：

❯ docker-compose run -e ENVIROMENT=local spring-app
WARNING: The ENVIROMENT variable is not set. Defaulting to a blank string.
WARNING: The DATABASE_PASSWORD variable is not set. Defaulting to a blank string.
WARNING: The DATABASE_NAME variable is not set. Defaulting to a blank string.
WARNING: The DATABASE_USER variable is not set. Defaulting to a blank string.
ERROR: Couldn't find env file: /Users/user/Desktop/docker-example/.env

Answer 1

-e标志是为了将环境变量传递给容器。在你的docker run命令之前添加你的环境，将环境变量分配给docker引擎，这样环境变量插值就可以完成了

docker-compose run -e ENVIROMENT=local spring-app
[...]
ERROR: Couldn't find env file: /Users/sabhat/code/scratch/.env

ENVIROMENT=local docker-compose run spring-app
[...]
Starting scratch_docker-mariadb_1

顺便说一句，希望您知道 docker-compose run 是为了 run a one-time command for a service - and it doesn't map the ports and also overrides the run commands defined in the service. You should be using docker-compose up 调出整套容器

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