Export-Csv 添加不需要的 header 双引号

Question

我有一个源 CSV 文件（没有 header，所有列都用逗号分隔），我正在尝试根据第一列中的值拆分成单独的 CSV 文件并使用该列值作为输出文件名。

输入文件：

S00000009,2016,M04 01/07/2016,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,750.00,0.00,0.00
S00000009,2016,M05 01/08/2016,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,600.00,0.00,0.00
S00000009,2016,M06 01/09/2016,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,600.00,0.00,0.00
S00000010,2015,W28 05/10/2015,2275.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00
S00000010,2015,W41 04/01/2016,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,568.75,0.00,0.00
S00000010,2015,W42 11/01/2016,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,568.75,0.00,0.00
S00000012,2015,W10 01/06/2015,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,650.00,0.00,0.00
S00000012,2015,W11 08/06/2015,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,650.00,0.00,0.00
S00000012,2015,W12 15/06/2015,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,650.00,0.00,0.00

我的 PowerShell 脚本如下所示：

Import-Csv INPUT_FILE.csv -Header service_id,year,period,cash_exp,cash_inc,cash_def,act_exp,act_inc,act_def,comm_exp,comm_inc,comm_def |
    Group-Object -Property "service_id" | 
    Foreach-Object {
        $path = $_.Name + ".csv";
        $_.group | Export-Csv -Path $path -NoTypeInformation
    }

输出文件：

S00000009.csv:

"service_id","year","period","cash_exp","cash_inc","cash_def","act_exp","act_inc","act_def","comm_exp","comm_inc","comm_def"
"S00000009","2016","M04 01/07/2016","0.00","0.00","0.00","0.00","0.00","0.00","750.00","0.00","0.00"
"S00000009","2016","M05 01/08/2016","0.00","0.00","0.00","0.00","0.00","0.00","600.00","0.00","0.00"
"S00000009","2016","M06 01/09/2016","0.00","0.00","0.00","0.00","0.00","0.00","600.00","0.00","0.00"

S00000010.csv:

"service_id","year","period","cash_exp","cash_inc","cash_def","act_exp","act_inc","act_def","comm_exp","comm_inc","comm_def"
"S00000010","2015","W28 05/10/2015","2275.00","0.00","0.00","0.00","0.00","0.00","0.00","0.00","0.00"
"S00000010","2015","W41 04/01/2016","0.00","0.00","0.00","0.00","0.00","0.00","568.75","0.00","0.00"
"S00000010","2015","W42 11/01/2016","0.00","0.00","0.00","0.00","0.00","0.00","568.75","0.00","0.00"

它正在使用第 1 列 (service_id) 中的 header 值生成新文件。有2个问题。

输出 CSV 文件包含我不需要的 header 行。
这些列用我不需要的双引号括起来。

Answer 1

首先，.csv 文件需要 headers 和引号作为 csv 文件结构。但是，如果您不想要它们，则可以继续使用文本文件或...

$temp = Import-Csv INPUT_FILE.csv -Header service_id,year,period,cash_exp,cash_inc,cash_def,act_exp,act_inc,act_def,comm_exp,comm_inc,comm_def | Group-Object -Property "service_id" | 
        Foreach-Object {
        $path=$_.name+".csv"
        $temp0 = $_.group | ConvertTo-Csv -NoTypeInformation | Select-Object -Skip 1
        $temp1 = $temp0.replace("""","")
        $temp1 > $path

        }

但是这个输出不是 "real"csv 文件。希望对您有所帮助。

Answer 2

对于您的特定情况，您可能会使用更简单的方法。将输入文件作为纯文本文件读取，通过拆分第一个字段对行进行分组，然后将组写入以组命名的输出文件：

Get-Content 'INPUT_FILE.csv' |
    Group-Object { $_.Split(',')[0] } |
    ForEach-Object { $_.Group | Set-Content ($_.Name + '.csv') }

Answer 3

另一个解决方案，

不使用命名的 headers，只使用数字（因为无论如何输出中不需要它们）
避免不必要的临时文件。
仅删除分隔双引号的字段。

Import-Csv INPUT_FILE.csv -Header (1..12) | 
  Group-Object -Property "1" | Foreach-Object {
    ($_.Group | ConvertTo-Csv -NoType | Select-Object -Skip 1).Trim('"') -replace '","',',' | 
       Set-Content -Path ("{0}.csv" -f $_.Name) 
}

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