三元运算符 ?: 是否定义为 Ruby 中的方法?

Is the ternary operator ?: defined as a method in Ruby?

我是 Ruby 的新手,对三元运算符 ?: 的工作原理有点困惑。

据书Engineering Software as a Service: An Agile Approach Using Cloud Computing:

every operation is a method call on some object and returns a value.

从这个意义上说,如果三元运算符表示一个操作,那么它就是对一个有两个参数的对象的方法调用。但是,我在Ruby's documentation中找不到三元运算符代表的任何方法。三元运算符是否表示 Ruby 中的运算?书中提到的上述说法是错误的吗? Ruby 中的三元运算符真的只是 if ... then ... else ... end 语句的语法糖吗?

请注意: 我的问题与 有关,但与那个问题不同。我知道如何按照 post 中描述的方式使用三元运算符。我的问题是关于三元运算符在 Ruby 中定义的位置以及三元运算符是否被定义为一个或多个方法。

Is the ternary operator in Ruby really just a syntactic sugar for if ... then ... else ... end statements?

是的。

来自doc/syntax/control_expressions.rdoc

You may also write a if-then-else expression using ? and :. This ternary if:

input_type = gets =~ /hello/i ? "greeting" : "other"

Is the same as this if expression:

input_type =
  if gets =~ /hello/i
    "greeting"
  else
    "other"
  end

"According to this book, "every operation is a method call on some object and returns a value." In this sense, if the ternary operator represents an operation, it is a method call on an object with two arguments."

ifunlesswhileuntil 不是运算符,它们是控制结构。它们的修饰符版本出现在 operator precedence table 中,因为它们需要具有优先级才能被解析。他们只是检查他们的条件是真还是假。在 Ruby 中这很简单,只有 falsenil 是假的。其他一切都是真的。

运算符是 !+*[] 之类的东西。他们是unary or binary。您可以通过对各种对象调用 .methods.sort 来查看它们的列表。例如...

2.4.3 :004 > 1.methods.sort
 => [:!, :!=, :!~, :%, :&, :*, :**, :+, :+@, :-, :-@, :/, :<, :<<, :<=, :<=>, :==, :===, :=~, :>, :>=, :>>, :[], :^, :__id__, :__send__, etc...

注意在Smalltalk, from which Ruby borrows heavily, everything really is a method call. Including the control structures.

Is the ternary operator in Ruby really just a syntactic sugar for if ... then ... else ... end statements?

(另一个)

这是 a ? b : c 的解析树:

$ ruby --dump=parsetree -e 'a ? b : c'
###########################################################
## Do NOT use this node dump for any purpose other than  ##
## debug and research.  Compatibility is not guaranteed. ##
###########################################################

# @ NODE_SCOPE (line: 1)
# +- nd_tbl: (empty)
# +- nd_args:
# |   (null node)
# +- nd_body:
#     @ NODE_PRELUDE (line: 1)
#     +- nd_head:
#     |   (null node)
#     +- nd_body:
#     |   @ NODE_IF (line: 1)
#     |   +- nd_cond:
#     |   |   @ NODE_VCALL (line: 1)
#     |   |   +- nd_mid: :a
#     |   +- nd_body:
#     |   |   @ NODE_VCALL (line: 1)
#     |   |   +- nd_mid: :b
#     |   +- nd_else:
#     |       @ NODE_VCALL (line: 1)
#     |       +- nd_mid: :c
#     +- nd_compile_option:
#         +- coverage_enabled: false

这是 if a then b else c end 的解析树:

$ ruby --dump=parsetree -e 'if a then b else c end'
###########################################################
## Do NOT use this node dump for any purpose other than  ##
## debug and research.  Compatibility is not guaranteed. ##
###########################################################

# @ NODE_SCOPE (line: 1)
# +- nd_tbl: (empty)
# +- nd_args:
# |   (null node)
# +- nd_body:
#     @ NODE_PRELUDE (line: 1)
#     +- nd_head:
#     |   (null node)
#     +- nd_body:
#     |   @ NODE_IF (line: 1)
#     |   +- nd_cond:
#     |   |   @ NODE_VCALL (line: 1)
#     |   |   +- nd_mid: :a
#     |   +- nd_body:
#     |   |   @ NODE_VCALL (line: 1)
#     |   |   +- nd_mid: :b
#     |   +- nd_else:
#     |       @ NODE_VCALL (line: 1)
#     |       +- nd_mid: :c
#     +- nd_compile_option:
#         +- coverage_enabled: false

它们是相同的。

在许多语言中,?: 是一个 表达式 if-then-else 是一个 语句 。在Ruby中,都是表达式。