记录判别式能否在 Ada 中间接确定数组长度?

Can a record discriminant determine array lengths indirectly in Ada?

我试图解释一种特殊情况,在这种情况下,几个数组长度应该比正常长度短,但判别式和数组长度之间没有直接关系。在正常情况下,简化的记录可能如下所示:

type Int_Array is array(Integer range <>);

type My_Record is
record
    A : Integer;
    B : Integer;
    C : Int_Array(1..10);
    D : Int_Array(1..6);
end record;

但是如果一些判别式是 320,它应该是这样的:

type My_Record is
record
    A : Integer;
    B : Integer;
    C : Int_Array(1..4);
    D : Int_Array(1..2);
end record;

我一直在玩弄它,但无法编译任何东西。以下是我尝试过的一些方法:

type My_Record(Disc : Positive) is
record
    A : Integer;
    B : Integer;
    C : Int_Array(1..(if Disc = 320 then 4 else 10));
    D : Int_Array(1..(if Disc = 320 then 2 else 4));
end record;

但这会导致错误 "discriminant in constraint must appear alone"。

如果我尝试:

type My_Record(Disc : Positive) is
record
    A : Integer;
    B : Integer;
    case Disc is
        when 320 =>
            C : Int_Array(1..4);
            D : Int_Array(1..2);
        when others =>
            C : Int_Array(1..10);
            D : Int_Array(1..4);
    end case;
end record;

C和D的定义相互冲突。我可以使用其他技术吗?

在 case 语句中,每种情况下使用不同的变量名。您的原始示例包含一些语法错误。

package foo is
   type Int_Array is array(Integer range <>) of Integer;
   type My_Record(Disc : Positive) is
      record
         A : Integer;
         B : Integer;
         case Disc is
         when 320 =>
            C : Int_Array(1..4);
            D : Int_Array(1..2);
         when others =>
            E : Int_Array(1..10);
            F : Int_Array(1..4);
         end case;
      end record;
end foo;

如果您想使用 .C.D 访问变量而不考虑变体,您可以使用存取函数:

   type My_Record (IDisc : Positive) is record
      IA, IB : Integer;
      case Disc is
         when 320 =>
            C1 : aliased Int_Array (1 .. 4);
            D1 : aliased Int_Array (1 .. 2);
         when others =>
            C2 : aliased Int_Array (1 .. 10);
            D2 : aliased Int_Array (1 .. 4);
      end case;
   end record;

   type Int_Array_Accessor (Data : not null access all Int_Array) is
     limited null record with Implicit_Dereference => Data;
   function C (Object : in out My_Record) return Int_Array_Accessor is
     (Int_Array_Accessor'(if Object.Disc = 320 then
                          Object.C1'Access else Object.C2'Access));
   function D (Object : in out My_Record) return Int_Array_Accessor is
     (Int_Array_Accessor'(if Object.Disc = 320 then
                          Object.D1'Access else Object.D2'Access));

通过将访问器与 Implicit_Dereference 一起使用,您可以像分配记录字段一样分配值。