图像的 DPI 信息到底存储在哪里（Exif 除外）？
Where exactly is the DPI information of an image stored (other than Exif)?
几年来，我们一直在使用名为 Onyx RIPCenter 的程序来管理海报打印。这些图像是使用 Photoshop 生成的，并在 Windows.
上加载到 Onyx 应用程序中
最近我们决定通过消除 Photoshop 并通过内置于 python 的自定义应用程序自动处理图像（使用 pillow python - https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/latest/）[=14= 来自动化工作流程]
现在我遇到的问题是，当我在 RIPCenter 中打开通过自定义应用程序创建的图像时，我得到错误的毫米尺寸。
图片的实际大小是，
924mm x 2108mm
相反，我得到，
2309.99mm x 5269.79mm
这是因为应用程序读取的 DPI 错误，读取的不是 180，而是 72（实际大小，以像素为单位 - 6548 x 14938）。
自定义应用程序确实将所有相关信息设置为 Exif 数据，包括 DPI。这可以通过检查 Windows 中图像文件的 属性 来验证。但是不知何故，在RIPCenter中打开图像时，它显示了错误的DPI值。
这是保存图像的代码。
def save_image(modified_image, image_file, source_image):
"""
Store the processed image into a file
:param modified_image: <Obj> modified image object
:param image_file: <String> output filename
:param source_image: <Obj> original image object
:return: <Boolean> True if saved
"""
# fix Onyx printer error
# https://media.readthedocs.org/pdf/piexif/latest/piexif.pdf
exif_dict = piexif.load(source_image.info["exif"])
exif_dict["0th"][piexif.ImageIFD.XResolution] = (180.0, 1)
exif_dict["0th"][piexif.ImageIFD.YResolution] = (180.0, 1)
exif_bytes = piexif.dump(exif_dict)
# if this is not set, then the save option will throw an error for setting subsampling='keep'
modified_image.format = source_image.format
try:
modified_image.save(
image_file,
icc_profile=source_image.info.get('icc_profile'),
dpi=source_image.info.get('dpi'),
exif=exif_bytes,
format=source_image.format,
subsampling='keep',
quality=95
)
del source_image
del modified_image
return True
except IOError as e:
print(e)
return None
如果同一图像在 Photoshop 中打开并保存，则它会显示正确的 DPI。我也试过 Gimp，我得到了同样的结果。 DPI 错误的图像在 Gimp 中打开并保存时突然得到正确的 DPI。
我的理解是像素（高度和宽度）和 DPI 值从不同平台和应用程序的 Exif 数据中读取。但是 Onyx RIPCenter 应用程序是否有可能在不同的地方寻找 DPI？
下面是图片的exif数据。
保存在 Photoshop 中的图像的 Exif 数据，
[ExifTool] ExifTool Version Number : 11.10
[System] File Name : A3-VictoriaGlenManor-RH-Copper-92.4x210.8-R.jpg
[System] Directory : /Users/vinodsudharshan/Downloads
[System] File Size : 34 MB
[System] File Modification Date/Time : 2018:08:24 14:37:25+02:00
[System] File Access Date/Time : 2018:08:27 23:27:08+02:00
[System] File Inode Change Date/Time : 2018:08:27 22:56:37+02:00
[System] File Permissions : rw-r--r--
[File] File Type : JPEG
[File] File Type Extension : jpg
[File] MIME Type : image/jpeg
[File] Exif Byte Order : Big-endian (Motorola, MM)
[File] Current IPTC Digest : cdcffa7da8c7be09057076aeaf05c34e
[File] Image Width : 6550
[File] Image Height : 14940
[File] Encoding Process : Baseline DCT, Huffman coding
[File] Bits Per Sample : 8
[File] Color Components : 4
[IFD0] Image Width : 6130
[IFD0] Image Height : 8400
[IFD0] Bits Per Sample : 8 8 8
[IFD0] Photometric Interpretation : RGB
[IFD0] Orientation : Horizontal (normal)
[IFD0] Samples Per Pixel : 3
[IFD0] X Resolution : 180
[IFD0] Y Resolution : 180
[IFD0] Resolution Unit : inches
[IFD0] Software : Adobe Photoshop CS5.1 Macintosh
[IFD0] Modify Date : 2018:08:23 17:32:21
[ExifIFD] Exif Version : 0221
[ExifIFD] Color Space : Uncalibrated
[ExifIFD] Exif Image Width : 6550
[ExifIFD] Exif Image Height : 14940
[IFD1] Compression : JPEG (old-style)
[IFD1] X Resolution : 72
[IFD1] Y Resolution : 72
[IFD1] Resolution Unit : inches
[IFD1] Thumbnail Offset : 394
[IFD1] Thumbnail Length : 2261
[IFD1] Thumbnail Image : (Binary data 2261 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[IPTC] Coded Character Set : UTF8
[IPTC] Application Record Version : 0
[Photoshop] IPTC Digest : cdcffa7da8c7be09057076aeaf05c34e
[Photoshop] X Resolution : 180
[Photoshop] Displayed Units X : inches
[Photoshop] Y Resolution : 180
[Photoshop] Displayed Units Y : inches
[Photoshop] Print Style : Centered
[Photoshop] Print Position : 0 0
[Photoshop] Print Scale : 1
[Photoshop] Global Angle : 30
[Photoshop] Global Altitude : 30
[Photoshop] URL List :
[Photoshop] Slices Group Name : A3-VictoriaGlenManor-RH-Copper-92.4x210.8-R
[Photoshop] Num Slices : 1
[Photoshop] Pixel Aspect Ratio : 1
[Photoshop] Photoshop Thumbnail : (Binary data 2261 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[Photoshop] Has Real Merged Data : Yes
[Photoshop] Writer Name : Adobe Photoshop
[Photoshop] Reader Name : Adobe Photoshop CS5.1
[Photoshop] Photoshop Quality : 12
[Photoshop] Photoshop Format : Standard
[Photoshop] Progressive Scans : 3 Scans
[XMP-x] XMP Toolkit : Adobe XMP Core 5.0-c061 64.140949, 2010/12/07-10:57:01
[XMP-xmp] Modify Date : 2018:08:23 17:32:21+02:00
[XMP-xmp] Creator Tool : Adobe Photoshop CS5.1 Macintosh
[XMP-xmp] Create Date : 2018:08:21 15:12:04+02:00
[XMP-xmp] Metadata Date : 2018:08:23 17:32:21+02:00
[XMP-crs] Already Applied : True
[XMP-photoshop] Color Mode : CMYK
[XMP-photoshop] ICC Profile Name : U.S. Web Coated (SWOP) v2
[XMP-dc] Format : image/jpeg
[XMP-xmpMM] Instance ID : xmp.iid:9F9A62F1B5206811BF6AFA75AB99E0BD
[XMP-xmpMM] Document ID : xmp.did:9E9A62F1B5206811BF6AFA75AB99E0BD
[XMP-xmpMM] Original Document ID : xmp.did:9E9A62F1B5206811BF6AFA75AB99E0BD
[XMP-xmpMM] History Action : saved, saved
[XMP-xmpMM] History Instance ID : xmp.iid:9E9A62F1B5206811BF6AFA75AB99E0BD, xmp.iid:9F9A62F1B5206811BF6AFA75AB99E0BD
[XMP-xmpMM] History When : 2018:08:23 17:32:21+02:00, 2018:08:23 17:32:21+02:00
[XMP-xmpMM] History Software Agent : Adobe Photoshop CS5.1 Macintosh, Adobe Photoshop CS5.1 Macintosh
[XMP-xmpMM] History Changed : /, /
[ICC-header] Profile CMM Type : Adobe Systems Inc.
[ICC-header] Profile Version : 2.1.0
[ICC-header] Profile Class : Output Device Profile
[ICC-header] Color Space Data : CMYK
[ICC-header] Profile Connection Space : Lab
[ICC-header] Profile Date Time : 2000:07:26 05:41:53
[ICC-header] Profile File Signature : acsp
[ICC-header] Primary Platform : Apple Computer Inc.
[ICC-header] CMM Flags : Not Embedded, Independent
[ICC-header] Device Manufacturer : Adobe Systems Inc.
[ICC-header] Device Model :
[ICC-header] Device Attributes : Reflective, Glossy, Positive, Color
[ICC-header] Rendering Intent : Media-Relative Colorimetric
[ICC-header] Connection Space Illuminant : 0.9642 1 0.82491
[ICC-header] Profile Creator : Adobe Systems Inc.
[ICC-header] Profile ID : 0
[ICC_Profile] Profile Description : U.S. Web Coated (SWOP) v2
[ICC_Profile] Profile Copyright : Copyright 2000 Adobe Systems, Inc.
[ICC_Profile] Media White Point : 0.7084 0.73595 0.57104
[ICC_Profile] A To B0 : (Binary data 41478 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[ICC_Profile] A To B2 : (Binary data 41478 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[ICC_Profile] A To B1 : (Binary data 41478 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[ICC_Profile] B To A0 : (Binary data 145588 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[ICC_Profile] B To A1 : (Binary data 145588 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[ICC_Profile] B To A2 : (Binary data 145588 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[ICC_Profile] Gamut : (Binary data 37009 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[Adobe] DCT Encode Version : 100
[Adobe] APP14 Flags 0 : [14]
[Adobe] APP14 Flags 1 : (none)
[Adobe] Color Transform : YCCK
[Composite] Image Size : 6550x14940
[Composite] Megapixels : 97.9
保存在 Python 应用程序中的图像的 Exif 数据，
[ExifTool] ExifTool Version Number : 11.10
[System] File Name : A3-TEST_2_EXIF-RH-Copper-92.4x210.8-R.jpg
[System] Directory : /Users/vinodsudharshan/Desktop
[System] File Size : 36 MB
[System] File Modification Date/Time : 2018:08:27 21:55:25+02:00
[System] File Access Date/Time : 2018:08:31 16:59:05+02:00
[System] File Inode Change Date/Time : 2018:08:27 22:56:37+02:00
[System] File Permissions : rw-r--r--
[File] File Type : JPEG
[File] File Type Extension : jpg
[File] MIME Type : image/jpeg
[File] Exif Byte Order : Big-endian (Motorola, MM)
[File] Image Width : 6548
[File] Image Height : 14938
[File] Encoding Process : Baseline DCT, Huffman coding
[File] Bits Per Sample : 8
[File] Color Components : 4
[Adobe] DCT Encode Version : 100
[Adobe] APP14 Flags 0 : (none)
[Adobe] APP14 Flags 1 : (none)
[Adobe] Color Transform : Unknown (RGB or CMYK)
[IFD0] Image Width : 6130
[IFD0] Image Height : 8400
[IFD0] Bits Per Sample : 8 8 8
[IFD0] Photometric Interpretation : RGB
[IFD0] Orientation : Horizontal (normal)
[IFD0] Samples Per Pixel : 3
[IFD0] X Resolution : 180
[IFD0] Y Resolution : 180
[IFD0] Resolution Unit : inches
[IFD0] Software : Adobe Photoshop CS5.1 Macintosh
[IFD0] Modify Date : 2018:07:11 17:42:24
[ExifIFD] Exif Version : 0221
[ExifIFD] Color Space : Uncalibrated
[ExifIFD] Exif Image Width : 5669
[ExifIFD] Exif Image Height : 14173
[IFD1] Compression : JPEG (old-style)
[IFD1] X Resolution : 180
[IFD1] Y Resolution : 180
[IFD1] Resolution Unit : inches
[IFD1] Thumbnail Offset : 404
[IFD1] Thumbnail Length : 2076
[IFD1] Thumbnail Image : (Binary data 2076 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[ICC-header] Profile CMM Type : Adobe Systems Inc.
[ICC-header] Profile Version : 2.1.0
[ICC-header] Profile Class : Output Device Profile
[ICC-header] Color Space Data : CMYK
[ICC-header] Profile Connection Space : Lab
[ICC-header] Profile Date Time : 2000:07:26 05:41:53
[ICC-header] Profile File Signature : acsp
[ICC-header] Primary Platform : Apple Computer Inc.
[ICC-header] CMM Flags : Not Embedded, Independent
[ICC-header] Device Manufacturer : Adobe Systems Inc.
[ICC-header] Device Model :
[ICC-header] Device Attributes : Reflective, Glossy, Positive, Color
[ICC-header] Rendering Intent : Media-Relative Colorimetric
[ICC-header] Connection Space Illuminant : 0.9642 1 0.82491
[ICC-header] Profile Creator : Adobe Systems Inc.
[ICC-header] Profile ID : 0
[ICC_Profile] Profile Description : U.S. Web Coated (SWOP) v2
[ICC_Profile] Profile Copyright : Copyright 2000 Adobe Systems, Inc.
[ICC_Profile] Media White Point : 0.7084 0.73595 0.57104
[ICC_Profile] A To B0 : (Binary data 41478 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[ICC_Profile] A To B2 : (Binary data 41478 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[ICC_Profile] A To B1 : (Binary data 41478 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[ICC_Profile] B To A0 : (Binary data 145588 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[ICC_Profile] B To A1 : (Binary data 145588 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[ICC_Profile] B To A2 : (Binary data 145588 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[ICC_Profile] Gamut : (Binary data 37009 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[Composite] Image Size : 6548x14938
[Composite] Megapixels : 97.8
我怀疑 Onyx RIPCenter 使用 72 作为默认值（这是一个常见的默认值）并且它通常读取 Photoshop:X/YResolution 来获取 DPI。尝试将 IFD0:X/YResolution 复制到 Photoshop:X/YResolution 或简单地将 Photoshop:X/YResolution 设置为 180。
在 exiftool 中，您可以使用
exiftool -Photoshop:*Resolution=180 FILEorDIR
星号是一个通配符，允许同时设置 XResolution 和 YResolution。将 FILEorDIR 替换为要处理的 files/directories。此命令创建备份文件。添加 -overwrite_original 以禁止创建备份文件。添加 -r 以递归到子目录。
几年来，我们一直在使用名为 Onyx RIPCenter 的程序来管理海报打印。这些图像是使用 Photoshop 生成的，并在 Windows.
上加载到 Onyx 应用程序中最近我们决定通过消除 Photoshop 并通过内置于 python 的自定义应用程序自动处理图像（使用 pillow python - https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/latest/）[=14= 来自动化工作流程]
现在我遇到的问题是，当我在 RIPCenter 中打开通过自定义应用程序创建的图像时，我得到错误的毫米尺寸。
图片的实际大小是， 924mm x 2108mm 相反，我得到， 2309.99mm x 5269.79mm
这是因为应用程序读取的 DPI 错误，读取的不是 180，而是 72（实际大小，以像素为单位 - 6548 x 14938）。
自定义应用程序确实将所有相关信息设置为 Exif 数据，包括 DPI。这可以通过检查 Windows 中图像文件的 属性 来验证。但是不知何故，在RIPCenter中打开图像时，它显示了错误的DPI值。
这是保存图像的代码。
def save_image(modified_image, image_file, source_image):
"""
Store the processed image into a file
:param modified_image: <Obj> modified image object
:param image_file: <String> output filename
:param source_image: <Obj> original image object
:return: <Boolean> True if saved
"""
# fix Onyx printer error
# https://media.readthedocs.org/pdf/piexif/latest/piexif.pdf
exif_dict = piexif.load(source_image.info["exif"])
exif_dict["0th"][piexif.ImageIFD.XResolution] = (180.0, 1)
exif_dict["0th"][piexif.ImageIFD.YResolution] = (180.0, 1)
exif_bytes = piexif.dump(exif_dict)
# if this is not set, then the save option will throw an error for setting subsampling='keep'
modified_image.format = source_image.format
try:
modified_image.save(
image_file,
icc_profile=source_image.info.get('icc_profile'),
dpi=source_image.info.get('dpi'),
exif=exif_bytes,
format=source_image.format,
subsampling='keep',
quality=95
)
del source_image
del modified_image
return True
except IOError as e:
print(e)
return None
如果同一图像在 Photoshop 中打开并保存，则它会显示正确的 DPI。我也试过 Gimp，我得到了同样的结果。 DPI 错误的图像在 Gimp 中打开并保存时突然得到正确的 DPI。
我的理解是像素（高度和宽度）和 DPI 值从不同平台和应用程序的 Exif 数据中读取。但是 Onyx RIPCenter 应用程序是否有可能在不同的地方寻找 DPI？
下面是图片的exif数据。
保存在 Photoshop 中的图像的 Exif 数据，
[ExifTool] ExifTool Version Number : 11.10
[System] File Name : A3-VictoriaGlenManor-RH-Copper-92.4x210.8-R.jpg
[System] Directory : /Users/vinodsudharshan/Downloads
[System] File Size : 34 MB
[System] File Modification Date/Time : 2018:08:24 14:37:25+02:00
[System] File Access Date/Time : 2018:08:27 23:27:08+02:00
[System] File Inode Change Date/Time : 2018:08:27 22:56:37+02:00
[System] File Permissions : rw-r--r--
[File] File Type : JPEG
[File] File Type Extension : jpg
[File] MIME Type : image/jpeg
[File] Exif Byte Order : Big-endian (Motorola, MM)
[File] Current IPTC Digest : cdcffa7da8c7be09057076aeaf05c34e
[File] Image Width : 6550
[File] Image Height : 14940
[File] Encoding Process : Baseline DCT, Huffman coding
[File] Bits Per Sample : 8
[File] Color Components : 4
[IFD0] Image Width : 6130
[IFD0] Image Height : 8400
[IFD0] Bits Per Sample : 8 8 8
[IFD0] Photometric Interpretation : RGB
[IFD0] Orientation : Horizontal (normal)
[IFD0] Samples Per Pixel : 3
[IFD0] X Resolution : 180
[IFD0] Y Resolution : 180
[IFD0] Resolution Unit : inches
[IFD0] Software : Adobe Photoshop CS5.1 Macintosh
[IFD0] Modify Date : 2018:08:23 17:32:21
[ExifIFD] Exif Version : 0221
[ExifIFD] Color Space : Uncalibrated
[ExifIFD] Exif Image Width : 6550
[ExifIFD] Exif Image Height : 14940
[IFD1] Compression : JPEG (old-style)
[IFD1] X Resolution : 72
[IFD1] Y Resolution : 72
[IFD1] Resolution Unit : inches
[IFD1] Thumbnail Offset : 394
[IFD1] Thumbnail Length : 2261
[IFD1] Thumbnail Image : (Binary data 2261 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[IPTC] Coded Character Set : UTF8
[IPTC] Application Record Version : 0
[Photoshop] IPTC Digest : cdcffa7da8c7be09057076aeaf05c34e
[Photoshop] X Resolution : 180
[Photoshop] Displayed Units X : inches
[Photoshop] Y Resolution : 180
[Photoshop] Displayed Units Y : inches
[Photoshop] Print Style : Centered
[Photoshop] Print Position : 0 0
[Photoshop] Print Scale : 1
[Photoshop] Global Angle : 30
[Photoshop] Global Altitude : 30
[Photoshop] URL List :
[Photoshop] Slices Group Name : A3-VictoriaGlenManor-RH-Copper-92.4x210.8-R
[Photoshop] Num Slices : 1
[Photoshop] Pixel Aspect Ratio : 1
[Photoshop] Photoshop Thumbnail : (Binary data 2261 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[Photoshop] Has Real Merged Data : Yes
[Photoshop] Writer Name : Adobe Photoshop
[Photoshop] Reader Name : Adobe Photoshop CS5.1
[Photoshop] Photoshop Quality : 12
[Photoshop] Photoshop Format : Standard
[Photoshop] Progressive Scans : 3 Scans
[XMP-x] XMP Toolkit : Adobe XMP Core 5.0-c061 64.140949, 2010/12/07-10:57:01
[XMP-xmp] Modify Date : 2018:08:23 17:32:21+02:00
[XMP-xmp] Creator Tool : Adobe Photoshop CS5.1 Macintosh
[XMP-xmp] Create Date : 2018:08:21 15:12:04+02:00
[XMP-xmp] Metadata Date : 2018:08:23 17:32:21+02:00
[XMP-crs] Already Applied : True
[XMP-photoshop] Color Mode : CMYK
[XMP-photoshop] ICC Profile Name : U.S. Web Coated (SWOP) v2
[XMP-dc] Format : image/jpeg
[XMP-xmpMM] Instance ID : xmp.iid:9F9A62F1B5206811BF6AFA75AB99E0BD
[XMP-xmpMM] Document ID : xmp.did:9E9A62F1B5206811BF6AFA75AB99E0BD
[XMP-xmpMM] Original Document ID : xmp.did:9E9A62F1B5206811BF6AFA75AB99E0BD
[XMP-xmpMM] History Action : saved, saved
[XMP-xmpMM] History Instance ID : xmp.iid:9E9A62F1B5206811BF6AFA75AB99E0BD, xmp.iid:9F9A62F1B5206811BF6AFA75AB99E0BD
[XMP-xmpMM] History When : 2018:08:23 17:32:21+02:00, 2018:08:23 17:32:21+02:00
[XMP-xmpMM] History Software Agent : Adobe Photoshop CS5.1 Macintosh, Adobe Photoshop CS5.1 Macintosh
[XMP-xmpMM] History Changed : /, /
[ICC-header] Profile CMM Type : Adobe Systems Inc.
[ICC-header] Profile Version : 2.1.0
[ICC-header] Profile Class : Output Device Profile
[ICC-header] Color Space Data : CMYK
[ICC-header] Profile Connection Space : Lab
[ICC-header] Profile Date Time : 2000:07:26 05:41:53
[ICC-header] Profile File Signature : acsp
[ICC-header] Primary Platform : Apple Computer Inc.
[ICC-header] CMM Flags : Not Embedded, Independent
[ICC-header] Device Manufacturer : Adobe Systems Inc.
[ICC-header] Device Model :
[ICC-header] Device Attributes : Reflective, Glossy, Positive, Color
[ICC-header] Rendering Intent : Media-Relative Colorimetric
[ICC-header] Connection Space Illuminant : 0.9642 1 0.82491
[ICC-header] Profile Creator : Adobe Systems Inc.
[ICC-header] Profile ID : 0
[ICC_Profile] Profile Description : U.S. Web Coated (SWOP) v2
[ICC_Profile] Profile Copyright : Copyright 2000 Adobe Systems, Inc.
[ICC_Profile] Media White Point : 0.7084 0.73595 0.57104
[ICC_Profile] A To B0 : (Binary data 41478 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[ICC_Profile] A To B2 : (Binary data 41478 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[ICC_Profile] A To B1 : (Binary data 41478 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[ICC_Profile] B To A0 : (Binary data 145588 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[ICC_Profile] B To A1 : (Binary data 145588 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[ICC_Profile] B To A2 : (Binary data 145588 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[ICC_Profile] Gamut : (Binary data 37009 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[Adobe] DCT Encode Version : 100
[Adobe] APP14 Flags 0 : [14]
[Adobe] APP14 Flags 1 : (none)
[Adobe] Color Transform : YCCK
[Composite] Image Size : 6550x14940
[Composite] Megapixels : 97.9
保存在 Python 应用程序中的图像的 Exif 数据，
[ExifTool] ExifTool Version Number : 11.10
[System] File Name : A3-TEST_2_EXIF-RH-Copper-92.4x210.8-R.jpg
[System] Directory : /Users/vinodsudharshan/Desktop
[System] File Size : 36 MB
[System] File Modification Date/Time : 2018:08:27 21:55:25+02:00
[System] File Access Date/Time : 2018:08:31 16:59:05+02:00
[System] File Inode Change Date/Time : 2018:08:27 22:56:37+02:00
[System] File Permissions : rw-r--r--
[File] File Type : JPEG
[File] File Type Extension : jpg
[File] MIME Type : image/jpeg
[File] Exif Byte Order : Big-endian (Motorola, MM)
[File] Image Width : 6548
[File] Image Height : 14938
[File] Encoding Process : Baseline DCT, Huffman coding
[File] Bits Per Sample : 8
[File] Color Components : 4
[Adobe] DCT Encode Version : 100
[Adobe] APP14 Flags 0 : (none)
[Adobe] APP14 Flags 1 : (none)
[Adobe] Color Transform : Unknown (RGB or CMYK)
[IFD0] Image Width : 6130
[IFD0] Image Height : 8400
[IFD0] Bits Per Sample : 8 8 8
[IFD0] Photometric Interpretation : RGB
[IFD0] Orientation : Horizontal (normal)
[IFD0] Samples Per Pixel : 3
[IFD0] X Resolution : 180
[IFD0] Y Resolution : 180
[IFD0] Resolution Unit : inches
[IFD0] Software : Adobe Photoshop CS5.1 Macintosh
[IFD0] Modify Date : 2018:07:11 17:42:24
[ExifIFD] Exif Version : 0221
[ExifIFD] Color Space : Uncalibrated
[ExifIFD] Exif Image Width : 5669
[ExifIFD] Exif Image Height : 14173
[IFD1] Compression : JPEG (old-style)
[IFD1] X Resolution : 180
[IFD1] Y Resolution : 180
[IFD1] Resolution Unit : inches
[IFD1] Thumbnail Offset : 404
[IFD1] Thumbnail Length : 2076
[IFD1] Thumbnail Image : (Binary data 2076 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[ICC-header] Profile CMM Type : Adobe Systems Inc.
[ICC-header] Profile Version : 2.1.0
[ICC-header] Profile Class : Output Device Profile
[ICC-header] Color Space Data : CMYK
[ICC-header] Profile Connection Space : Lab
[ICC-header] Profile Date Time : 2000:07:26 05:41:53
[ICC-header] Profile File Signature : acsp
[ICC-header] Primary Platform : Apple Computer Inc.
[ICC-header] CMM Flags : Not Embedded, Independent
[ICC-header] Device Manufacturer : Adobe Systems Inc.
[ICC-header] Device Model :
[ICC-header] Device Attributes : Reflective, Glossy, Positive, Color
[ICC-header] Rendering Intent : Media-Relative Colorimetric
[ICC-header] Connection Space Illuminant : 0.9642 1 0.82491
[ICC-header] Profile Creator : Adobe Systems Inc.
[ICC-header] Profile ID : 0
[ICC_Profile] Profile Description : U.S. Web Coated (SWOP) v2
[ICC_Profile] Profile Copyright : Copyright 2000 Adobe Systems, Inc.
[ICC_Profile] Media White Point : 0.7084 0.73595 0.57104
[ICC_Profile] A To B0 : (Binary data 41478 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[ICC_Profile] A To B2 : (Binary data 41478 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[ICC_Profile] A To B1 : (Binary data 41478 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[ICC_Profile] B To A0 : (Binary data 145588 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[ICC_Profile] B To A1 : (Binary data 145588 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[ICC_Profile] B To A2 : (Binary data 145588 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[ICC_Profile] Gamut : (Binary data 37009 bytes, use -b option to extract)
[Composite] Image Size : 6548x14938
[Composite] Megapixels : 97.8
我怀疑 Onyx RIPCenter 使用 72 作为默认值（这是一个常见的默认值）并且它通常读取 Photoshop:X/YResolution 来获取 DPI。尝试将 IFD0:X/YResolution 复制到 Photoshop:X/YResolution 或简单地将 Photoshop:X/YResolution 设置为 180。
在 exiftool 中，您可以使用
exiftool -Photoshop:*Resolution=180 FILEorDIR
星号是一个通配符，允许同时设置 XResolution 和 YResolution。将 FILEorDIR 替换为要处理的 files/directories。此命令创建备份文件。添加 -overwrite_original 以禁止创建备份文件。添加 -r 以递归到子目录。