反向外键查找

Question

#models.py
class Orders(models.Model):
    orderid = models.IntegerField(db_column='orderID', primary_key=True) 
    createdate = models.DateField(db_column='createDate', blank=True, null=True) 
    pickupdate = models.DateField(db_column='pickupDate', blank=True, null=True)  
    returndate = models.DateField(db_column='returnDate', blank=True, null=True)  
    pickupstore = models.ForeignKey(Branch, models.DO_NOTHING, db_column='pickupStore', blank=True, null=True,related_name = 'pickupstore')  
    returnstore = models.ForeignKey(Branch, models.DO_NOTHING, db_column='returnStore', blank=True, null=True,related_name = 'returnstore') 
    rentedvehicle = models.ForeignKey('Vehicles', models.DO_NOTHING, db_column='rentedVehicle', blank=True, null=True)  
    customer = models.ForeignKey(Customer, models.DO_NOTHING, db_column='customer', blank=True, null=True)


class Vehicles(models.Model):
    vehicleid = models.IntegerField(db_column='vehicleID', primary_key=True)  
    make = models.CharField(max_length=45, blank=True, null=True)
    model = models.CharField(max_length=45, blank=True, null=True)
    series = models.CharField(max_length=45, blank=True, null=True)


#views.py
def topcar(request):
    topCar = Vehicles.objects.filter(orders__pickupstore__state = request.POST['state']).annotate(num_car =Count('orders')).order_by('-num_car')[:20]
    return render(request, 'web/topcar.html',{'topCar':topCar, 'state':request.POST['state'])




#topcar.html
{% for car in topCar %}
   <tr>
      <td>{{car.make}} {{car.model}} {{car.series}}  {{car.year}}</td>
      <td>{{car.seatcapacity}}</td>
      <td>{{the latest car return store}}</td>
   </tr>
{% endfor %}

在views.py中，topCar变量是Orders中订单最高的前20辆车（在Vehicles模型中）的列表model.TheOrders模型中的字段rentedvehicle是外键，指的是Vehicles模型。

我想为 topCar 变量中的每辆汽车获取最新的 returnstore（订单模型中的一个字段）。我希望它显示在 topCar.html

的{{the latest car return store}}

我应该怎么做？

我发现我可以做到这一点：

Orders.objects.filter(rentedvehicle = car.vehicleid).latest('returndate').returnstore

获取车辆 ID 的最新 return商店。但是，我不知道如何使用它来获得我想要的结果。

Answer 1

您只能在 Django 模板中使用简单的查找逻辑，因此您无法在那里进行 latest('returndate') 过滤。

相反，您可以向 Vehicle 模型添加一个方法来获取最新订单：

class Vehicles(models.Model):
    vehicleid = models.IntegerField(db_column='vehicleID', primary_key=True)  
    make = models.CharField(max_length=45, blank=True, null=True)
    model = models.CharField(max_length=45, blank=True, null=True)
    series = models.CharField(max_length=45, blank=True, null=True)

    def latest_order(self):
        return self.orders_set.latest('returndate')

那么您应该可以将模板修改为：

{% for car in topCar %}
   <tr>
      <td>{{car.make}} {{car.model}} {{car.series}}  {{car.year}}</td>
      <td>{{car.seatcapacity}}</td>
      <td>{{car.latest_order.returnstore}}</td>
   </tr>
{% endfor %}

反向外键查找

Reverse Foreign Key Lookup

django

django-queryset

django-orm