如何从 dockerized Tomee 服务器上的应用运行成功连接到 Dockerized DB2 database/server - 两个容器都使用 jdk10？

Question

如何从 docker 化的 Tomee 服务器上的应用程序运行成功连接到 Dockerized DB2 DB 服务器 - 两个容器都使用 jdk10？

到目前为止我尝试做的事情....

已将 db2jcc4.jar 放入“/usr/local/tomee/lib”文件夹...

...获取自：

    https://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21385217

首先，tomcat 服务器的初始启动抱怨找不到 pdq.jar...:[=23=]

    05-Sep-2018 16:48:04.901 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler.createApplication Deployed Application(path=C:\tools\apache-tomee-plume-7.0.5\webapps\docs)
    05-Sep-2018 16:48:04.956 WARNING [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.tomcat.util.scan.StandardJarScanner.processURLs Failed to scan [file:/C:/tools/apache-tomee-plume-7.0.5/lib/pdq.jar] from classloader hierarchy
    java.io.IOException: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
            at org.apache.tomcat.util.compat.Jre9Compat.jarFileNewInstance(Jre9Compat.java:212)
            at org.apache.tomcat.util.scan.JarFileUrlJar.<init>(JarFileUrlJar.java:65)
            at org.apache.tomcat.util.scan.JarFactory.newInstance(JarFactory.java:49)
            at org.apache.tomcat.util.scan.StandardJarScanner.process(StandardJarScanner.java:374)
            at org.apache.tomcat.util.scan.StandardJarScanner.processURLs(StandardJarScanner.java:309)
            at org.apache.tomcat.util.scan.StandardJarScanner.doScanClassPath(StandardJarScanner.java:266)
            at org.apache.tomcat.util.scan.StandardJarScanner.scan(StandardJarScanner.java:229)
            at org.apache.tomee.loader.TomEEJarScanner.scan(TomEEJarScanner.java:69)
            at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processJarsForWebFragments(ContextConfig.java:1888)
            at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.webConfig(ContextConfig.java:1116)
            at org.apache.catalina.startup.OpenEJBContextConfig.webConfig(OpenEJBContextConfig.java:411)
            at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:765)
            at org.apache.catalina.startup.OpenEJBContextConfig.configureStart(OpenEJBContextConfig.java:124)
            at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:299)
            at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:94)
            at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5154)
            at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
           at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:754)
            at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:730)
            at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:734)
            at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:1140)
            at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployDirectory.run(HostConfig.java:1875)
            at java.base/java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:514)
            at java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:264)
            at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1135)
            at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:635)
            at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:844)
    Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
            at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.GeneratedConstructorAccessor10.newInstance(Unknown Source)
            at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
            at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:488)
            at org.apache.tomcat.util.compat.Jre9Compat.jarFileNewInstance(Jre9Compat.java:209)
            ... 26 more
    Caused by: java.nio.file.NoSuchFileException: C:\tools\apache-tomee-plume-7.0.5\lib\pdq.jar
            at java.base/sun.nio.fs.WindowsException.translateToIOException(WindowsException.java:85)
            at java.base/sun.nio.fs.WindowsException.rethrowAsIOException(WindowsException.java:103)
            at java.base/sun.nio.fs.WindowsException.rethrowAsIOException(WindowsException.java:108)
            at java.base/sun.nio.fs.WindowsFileAttributeViews$Basic.readAttributes(WindowsFileAttributeViews.java:53)
            at java.base/sun.nio.fs.WindowsFileAttributeViews$Basic.readAttributes(WindowsFileAttributeViews.java:38)
            at java.base/sun.nio.fs.WindowsFileSystemProvider.readAttributes(WindowsFileSystemProvider.java:194)
            at java.base/java.nio.file.Files.readAttributes(Files.java:1755)
            at java.base/java.util.zip.ZipFile$Source.get(ZipFile.java:1220)
            at java.base/java.util.zip.ZipFile$CleanableResource.<init>(ZipFile.java:727)
            at java.base/java.util.zip.ZipFile$CleanableResource.get(ZipFile.java:845)
            at java.base/java.util.zip.ZipFile.<init>(ZipFile.java:245)
            at java.base/java.util.zip.ZipFile.<init>(ZipFile.java:175)
            at java.base/java.util.jar.JarFile.<init>(JarFile.java:341)
            ... 30 more

...所以我从 jar 的清单类路径中删除了 pdq.jar，此后 tomee/tomcat 服务器启动干净。

我部署了一个简单的 REST 应用程序 - 包含一个 GET 方法 - 它利用一个简单的 jdbc 调用从 IBM "SAMPLE" 数据库（与 db2express-c 捆绑在一起）提取数据

应用程序看起来像这样...

    package aaa.bbb.ccc.war;

    import java.sql.Connection;
    import java.sql.DriverManager;
    import java.sql.ResultSet;
    import java.sql.SQLException;
    import java.sql.Statement;
    import java.util.ArrayDeque;
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.Deque;
    import java.util.List;

    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    import javax.ejb.Stateless;
    import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
    import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;
    import javax.persistence.TypedQuery;
    import javax.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder;
    import javax.persistence.criteria.CriteriaQuery;
    import javax.persistence.criteria.Predicate;
    import javax.persistence.criteria.Root;
    import javax.sql.DataSource;
    import javax.ws.rs.Consumes;
    import javax.ws.rs.GET;
    import javax.ws.rs.POST;
    import javax.ws.rs.Path;
    import javax.ws.rs.PathParam;
    import javax.ws.rs.Produces;
    import javax.ws.rs.core.Context;
    import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
    import javax.ws.rs.core.Response;
    import javax.ws.rs.core.UriInfo;

    import aaa.bbb.ccc.generated.EmployeeList;
    import aaa.bbb.ccc.generated.EmployeeType;
    import aaa.bbb.ccc.generated.ObjectFactory;

    @Stateless
    @Path("/employeeList")
    public class MyRestSvc {

        @Context
        UriInfo uriInfo;

        public MyRestSvc() {
        }

        @Resource(name = "jdbc/sample", type = javax.sql.DataSource.class)  
        private DataSource sampleDb;

        @GET
        @Path("{empno}")
        @Produces({ MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON, MediaType.APPLICATION_XML })
        public EmployeeList get(@Context javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, @PathParam("empno") String empno) {
            String empNo = null;
            Connection con = null;
            Statement stmt = null;
            ResultSet rs = null;

            try {
                con = sampleDb.getConnection();
                con.setAutoCommit(false);

                // Create the Statement
                stmt = con.createStatement();
                System.out.println("**** Created JDBC Statement object");

                // Execute a query and generate a ResultSet instance
                rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT EMPNO FROM EMPLOYEE");
                System.out.println("**** Created JDBC ResultSet object");

                // Print all of the employee numbers to standard output device
                while (rs.next()) {
                    empNo = rs.getString(1);
                    System.out.println("Employee number = " + empNo);
                }

                System.out.println("**** Fetched all rows from JDBC ResultSet");
                // Close the ResultSet
                rs.close();
                System.out.println("**** Closed JDBC ResultSet");

                // Close the Statement
                stmt.close();
                System.out.println("**** Closed JDBC Statement");

                // Connection must be on a unit-of-work boundary to allow close
                con.commit();
                System.out.println("**** Transaction committed");

                // Close the connection
                con.close();


            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                if (con != null) {
                    System.out.println("Connected successfully.");
                    try {
                        con.close();
                    } catch (SQLException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }

            return new EmployeeList();
        }
    }

我运行一个测试curl命令来执行GET操作... 即

    curl -k -v -L -H "Content-Type: application/xml"   -X GET http://localhost:8888/MyRestSvc/employeeList/000190

并收到此异常...

”异常 java.net.ConnectException：在端口 50,000 上打开到服务器 localhost/127.0.0.1 的套接字时出错，并显示消息：连接被拒绝（连接被拒绝）。错误代码=-4499，SQLSTATE=08001 "

即

    -
    -
    -
    10-Sep-2018 21:04:15.767 INFO [main] org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler.createRecipe Creating Resource(id=jdbc/sample)
    10-Sep-2018 21:04:16.173 SEVERE [main] org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.ConnectionPool.init Unable to create initial connections of pool.
     com.ibm.db2.jcc.am.DisconnectNonTransientConnectionException: [jcc][t4][2043][11550][4.21.29] Exception java.net.ConnectException: Error opening socket to server localhost/127.0.0.1 on port 50,000 with message: Connection refused (Connection refused). ERRORCODE=-4499, SQLSTATE=08001
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.am.kd.a(kd.java:338)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.am.kd.a(kd.java:435)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.t4.ac.a(ac.java:440)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.t4.ac.<init>(ac.java:96)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.t4.a.b(a.java:366)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.t4.b.newAgent_(b.java:2076)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.am.Connection.initConnection(Connection.java:812)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.am.Connection.<init>(Connection.java:754)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.t4.b.<init>(b.java:339)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.DB2SimpleDataSource.getConnection(DB2SimpleDataSource.java:233)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.DB2SimpleDataSource.getConnection(DB2SimpleDataSource.java:199)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.DB2Driver.connect(DB2Driver.java:482)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.DB2Driver.connect(DB2Driver.java:116)
            at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.PooledConnection.connectUsingDriver(PooledConnection.java:319)
            at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.PooledConnection.connect(PooledConnection.java:212)
            at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.ConnectionPool.createConnection(ConnectionPool.java:736)
            at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.ConnectionPool.borrowConnection(ConnectionPool.java:668)
            at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.ConnectionPool.init(ConnectionPool.java:483)
            at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.ConnectionPool.<init>(ConnectionPool.java:154)
            at org.apache.tomee.jdbc.TomEEDataSourceCreator$TomEEConnectionPool.<init>(TomEEDataSourceCreator.java:221)
            at org.apache.tomee.jdbc.TomEEDataSourceCreator$TomEEDataSource.createPool(TomEEDataSourceCreator.java:154)
            at org.apache.tomee.jdbc.TomEEDataSourceCreator$TomEEDataSource.<init>(TomEEDataSourceCreator.java:131)
            at org.apache.tomee.jdbc.TomEEDataSourceCreator.pool(TomEEDataSourceCreator.java:68)
            at org.apache.openejb.resource.jdbc.pool.PoolDataSourceCreator.poolManaged(PoolDataSourceCreator.java:80)
            at org.apache.openejb.resource.jdbc.DataSourceFactory.create(DataSourceFactory.java:213)
            at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
            at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
            at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
            at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:564)
            at org.apache.xbean.recipe.ReflectionUtil$StaticFactory.create(ReflectionUtil.java:999)
            at org.apache.xbean.recipe.ObjectRecipe.internalCreate(ObjectRecipe.java:276)
            at org.apache.xbean.recipe.AbstractRecipe.create(AbstractRecipe.java:96)
            at org.apache.xbean.recipe.AbstractRecipe.create(AbstractRecipe.java:61)
            at org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler.doCreateResource(Assembler.java:3131)
            at org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler.createResource(Assembler.java:2964)
            at org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler.buildContainerSystem(Assembler.java:586)
            at org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler.build(Assembler.java:487)
            at org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB$Instance.<init>(OpenEJB.java:150)
            at org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB.init(OpenEJB.java:307)
            at org.apache.tomee.catalina.TomcatLoader.initialize(TomcatLoader.java:247)
            at org.apache.tomee.catalina.ServerListener.lifecycleEvent(ServerListener.java:168)
            at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:94)
            at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.setStateInternal(LifecycleBase.java:395)
            at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:108)
            at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:632)
            at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:655)
            at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
            at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
            at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
            at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:564)
            at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.load(Bootstrap.java:309)
            at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:492)
    Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused (Connection refused)
            at java.base/java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(Native Method)
            at java.base/java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.doConnect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:400)
            at java.base/java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:243)
            at java.base/java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:225)
            at java.base/java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(SocksSocketImpl.java:402)
            at java.base/java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:591)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.t4.w.run(w.java:49)
            at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.t4.ac.a(ac.java:426)
            ... 49 more

    10-Sep-2018 21:04:16.192 SEVERE [main] org.apache.tomee.jdbc.TomEEDataSourceCreator$TomEEDataSource.<init> Can't create DataSource
     com.ibm.db2.jcc.am.DisconnectNonTransientConnectionException: [jcc][t4][2043][11550][4.21.29] Exception java.net.ConnectException: Error opening socket to server localhost/127.0.0.1 on port 50,000 with message: Connection refused (Connection refused). ERRORCODE=-4499, SQLSTATE=08001
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.am.kd.a(kd.java:338)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.am.kd.a(kd.java:435)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.t4.ac.a(ac.java:440)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.t4.ac.<init>(ac.java:96)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.t4.a.b(a.java:366)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.t4.b.newAgent_(b.java:2076)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.am.Connection.initConnection(Connection.java:812)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.am.Connection.<init>(Connection.java:754)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.t4.b.<init>(b.java:339)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.DB2SimpleDataSource.getConnection(DB2SimpleDataSource.java:233)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.DB2SimpleDataSource.getConnection(DB2SimpleDataSource.java:199)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.DB2Driver.connect(DB2Driver.java:482)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.DB2Driver.connect(DB2Driver.java:116)
            at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.PooledConnection.connectUsingDriver(PooledConnection.java:319)
            at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.PooledConnection.connect(PooledConnection.java:212)
            at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.ConnectionPool.createConnection(ConnectionPool.java:736)
            at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.ConnectionPool.borrowConnection(ConnectionPool.java:668)
            at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.ConnectionPool.init(ConnectionPool.java:483)
            at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.ConnectionPool.<init>(ConnectionPool.java:154)
            at org.apache.tomee.jdbc.TomEEDataSourceCreator$TomEEConnectionPool.<init>(TomEEDataSourceCreator.java:221)
            at org.apache.tomee.jdbc.TomEEDataSourceCreator$TomEEDataSource.createPool(TomEEDataSourceCreator.java:154)
            at org.apache.tomee.jdbc.TomEEDataSourceCreator$TomEEDataSource.<init>(TomEEDataSourceCreator.java:131)
            at org.apache.tomee.jdbc.TomEEDataSourceCreator.pool(TomEEDataSourceCreator.java:68)
            at org.apache.openejb.resource.jdbc.pool.PoolDataSourceCreator.poolManaged(PoolDataSourceCreator.java:80)
            at org.apache.openejb.resource.jdbc.DataSourceFactory.create(DataSourceFactory.java:213)
            at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
            at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
            at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
            at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:564)
            at org.apache.xbean.recipe.ReflectionUtil$StaticFactory.create(ReflectionUtil.java:999)
            at org.apache.xbean.recipe.ObjectRecipe.internalCreate(ObjectRecipe.java:276)
            at org.apache.xbean.recipe.AbstractRecipe.create(AbstractRecipe.java:96)
            at org.apache.xbean.recipe.AbstractRecipe.create(AbstractRecipe.java:61)
            at org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler.doCreateResource(Assembler.java:3131)
            at org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler.createResource(Assembler.java:2964)
            at org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler.buildContainerSystem(Assembler.java:586)
            at org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler.build(Assembler.java:487)
            at org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB$Instance.<init>(OpenEJB.java:150)
            at org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB.init(OpenEJB.java:307)
            at org.apache.tomee.catalina.TomcatLoader.initialize(TomcatLoader.java:247)
            at org.apache.tomee.catalina.ServerListener.lifecycleEvent(ServerListener.java:168)
            at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:94)
            at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.setStateInternal(LifecycleBase.java:395)
            at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:108)
            at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:632)
            at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:655)
            at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
            at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
            at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
            at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:564)
            at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.load(Bootstrap.java:309)
            at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:492)
    Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused (Connection refused)
            at java.base/java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(Native Method)
            at java.base/java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.doConnect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:400)
            at java.base/java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:243)
            at java.base/java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:225)
            at java.base/java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(SocksSocketImpl.java:402)
            at java.base/java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:591)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.t4.w.run(w.java:49)
            at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
            at com.ibm.db2.jcc.t4.ac.a(ac.java:426)
            ... 49 more
    -
    -
    -

正在研究，发现这个 link...:[=23=]

    http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21287078

...但是，"solution" 似乎假设 tomee 服务器和 db2 服务器都在同一台机器上（？）...

此外，首先...

这里是 tomee/tomcat server.xml...

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
        <!-- TomEE plugin for Tomcat -->
        <Listener className="org.apache.tomee.catalina.ServerListener" />
        <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" />
        <!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html -->
        <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />
        <!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs-->
        <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
        <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />
        <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />

        <GlobalNamingResources>
            <Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
                      type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
                      description="User database that can be updated and saved"
                      factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
                      pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
        </GlobalNamingResources>

        <Service name="Catalina">

            <Connector port="8084" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" xpoweredBy="false" server="Apache TomEE" />
            <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />

            <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">
                <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
                    <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
                </Realm>
                <Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
                    <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs" prefix="localhost_access_log" suffix=".txt" pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />
                </Host>
            </Engine>
        </Service>
    </Server>

这里是 tomee/tomcat tomee.xml...

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <tomee>
            <Resource id="jdbc/sample" type="javax.sql.DataSource">
                    driverClassName = com.ibm.db2.jcc.DB2Driver
                    jdbcDriverType = 4
                    url = jdbc:db2://localhost:50000/SAMPLE
                    username = DB2INST1
                    password = mydb2-pwd
            </Resource>
    </tomee>

用于生成 apache-tomee-plume-7.0.5 docker 容器的 Dockerfile...

    FROM openjdk:10-jre

    ENV PATH /usr/local/tomee/bin:$PATH
    RUN mkdir -p /usr/local/tomee

    WORKDIR /usr/local/tomee

    # curl -fsSL 'https://www.apache.org/dist/tomee/KEYS' | awk -F ' = ' ' ~ /^ +Key fingerprint$/ { gsub(" ", "", ); print  }' | sort -u
    ENV GPG_KEYS \
        223D3A74B068ECA354DC385CE126833F9CF64915 \
        678F2D98F1FD9643811639FB622B8F2D043F71D8 \
        7A2744A8A9AAF063C23EB7868EBE7DBE8D050EEF \
        82D8419BA697F0E7FB85916EE91287822FDB81B1 \
        9056B710F1E332780DE7AF34CBAEBE39A46C4CA1 \
        A57DAF81C1B69921F4BA8723A8DE0A4DB863A7C1 \
        B7574789F5018690043E6DD9C212662E12F3E1DD \
        B8B301E6105DF628076BD92C5483E55897ABD9B9 \
        BDD0BBEB753192957EFC5F896A62FC8EF17D8FEF \
        C23A3F6F595EBD0F960270CC997C8F1A5BE6E4C1 \
        D11DF12CC2CA4894BDE638B967C1227A2678363C \
        DBCCD103B8B24F86FFAAB025C8BB472CD297D428 \
        F067B8140F5DD80E1D3B5D92318242FE9A0B1183 \
        FAA603D58B1BA4EDF65896D0ED340E0E6D545F97

    RUN set -xe \
        && for key in $GPG_KEYS; do \
            gpg --keyserver pgp.mit.edu --keyserver-options http-proxy=proxy.apps.dhs.gov:80 --recv-keys "$key" || \
            gpg --keyserver keyserver.pgp.com --keyserver-options http-proxy=proxy.apps.dhs.gov:80 --recv-keys "$key" || \
            gpg --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --keyserver-options http-proxy=proxy.apps.dhs.gov:80 --recv-keys "$key" ; \  
        done

    RUN set -x \
        && curl -fSL https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/tomee/apache-tomee/7.0.5/apache-tomee-7.0.5-plume.tar.gz.asc --proxy proxy.apps.dhs.gov:80 -o tomee.tar.gz.asc \
        && curl -fSL https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/tomee/apache-tomee/7.0.5/apache-tomee-7.0.5-plume.tar.gz --proxy proxy.apps.dhs.gov:80 -o tomee.tar.gz \
        && gpg --batch --verify tomee.tar.gz.asc tomee.tar.gz \
        && tar -zxf tomee.tar.gz \
        && mv apache-tomee-plume-7.0.5/* /usr/local/tomee \
        && rm -Rf apache-tomee-plume-7.0.5 \
        && rm bin/*.bat \
        && rm tomee.tar.gz*

    EXPOSE 8084
    CMD ["catalina.sh", "run"]

Docker 化的 DB2 来自：

    https://hub.docker.com/r/ibmcom/db2express-c/

Tomee 启动：

    root@5f9812df3398:/usr/local/tomee/bin# sh startup.sh
    ./catalina.sh: 165: ./catalina.sh: /docker-java-home=/docker-java-home: not found
    Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomee
    Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomee
    Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomee/temp
    Using JRE_HOME:        /docker-java-home
    Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomee/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomee/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
    Tomcat started.

环境：

openjdk 10（运行在 tomee/db2 docker 容器中）

tomee-plume-7.0.5（docker化）

db2 11.x（docker化）

Answer 1

要在连接字符串中使用主机名 "localhost" 访问其他容器，请在启动两个容器时使用主机网络。注意：主机网络驱动程序仅适用于 Linux 主机。

示例：

docker run -it --name webtest --net=host web:latest /bin/bash
docker run -it --name dbtest  --net=host db2:latest /bin/bash

检查以下内容link 了解主机网络详细信息

https://docs.docker.com/network/network-tutorial-host/

Answer 2

您正在尝试使用 localhost 从 tomcat 容器连接到数据库。但实际上数据库是单独的容器。因此，您要么必须使用数据库机器的 alias，要么以 主机网络 模式或 带端口转发的桥接模式 将其连接到主机] 然后你必须使用 主机的静态 ip 来连接它，如下所示 tomcat.

jdbc:db2://<host-machine-static-ip>:50000/SAMPLE
jdbc:db2://<docker-container-ip>:50000/SAMPLE
jdbc:db2://<docker-container-alias>:50000/SAMPLE

让我给你简单解释一下。

我的假设：

Tomcat 服务器和数据库服务器运行作为不同的容器。
两者都连接到不同的 docker 网络。
您没有在数据库服务器中转发端口。
您还没有为容器定义 docker-compose 文件。
您是运行个使用 docker run 的容器。

如果我的所有假设都是正确的，那么 docker 网络配置中存在 问题。基本上，您可以通过不同的方式从一个容器连接到另一个容器。

通过为每个容器定义别名并将其连接到同一网络（推荐）。

通过从主机到 docker 容器的端口转发，并使用主机的静态 ip 连接到该端口。

通过运行主机网络中的容器并使用主机的静态 ip 连接到所需的端口。

通过为 docker 容器定义静态 ip 并使用该 ip 从其他容器连接。

简要推荐方式

您必须为容器定义别名，为此您可以使用服务名称，也可以声明其他别名。然后两者都应该连接到同一个网络，然后只有 docker 服务发现才能工作。完成所有操作后，您可以使用另一台机器的别名从一个容器连接到另一个容器。

参考文献：

Work with network commands

Use bridge networks

Docker-compose alias

Docker run reference

如何从 dockerized Tomee 服务器上的应用运行成功连接到 Dockerized DB2 database/server - 两个容器都使用 jdk10？

How do I successfully connect to a Dockerized DB2 database/server from an app running on a dockerized Tomee server - both containers using jdk10?

java

db2

docker

java-10

如何从 dockerized Tomee 服务器上的应用 运行 成功连接到 Dockerized DB2 database/server - 两个容器都使用 jdk10？

How do I successfully connect to a Dockerized DB2 database/server from an app running on a dockerized Tomee server - both containers using jdk10?

java

db2

docker

java-10

如何从 dockerized Tomee 服务器上的应用运行成功连接到 Dockerized DB2 database/server - 两个容器都使用 jdk10？