如何在 Bazel 项目中设置 Catch2
How to set up Catch2 in Bazel project
我已经启动了一个简单的 C++ 项目,该项目使用 Bazel 作为构建系统,并希望将 Catch2 添加到其中作为测试框架。
这是我的项目到目前为止的样子:
WORKSPACE -> empty file
src/
Money.hpp
Money.cpp
BUILD
构建只是
cc_library(
name = "Money",
srcs = ["Money.cpp"],
hdrs = ["Money.hpp"]
)
我希望能够为每个 cc_library
创建测试,在本例中是 Money
。我尝试设置它但与 Catch2 main 混淆了。任何有关如何做到最好的建议都将不胜感激!
经过一些来回我设法让这个工作,对于 Bazel 0.16.1 和 Catch2 2.4.0。
首先让我们在 src/
旁边创建目录 test/
,以将我们的测试保存在那里。
为了使用Catch2,我们需要下载catch.hpp
。 Catch2 是 header 唯一的库,这意味着我们只需要一个文件。我把它放在 test/vendor/catch2/
.
然后,我们需要定义 bazel 如何使用它。在 test/vendor/catch2
中,我们创建以下 BUILD 文件:
cc_library(
name = "catch2",
hdrs = ["catch.hpp"],
visibility = ["//test:__pkg__"]
)
现在 Bazel 将 Catch2 识别为一个库。我们添加了可见性属性,以便可以从 //test
包(由 /test
目录中的 BUILD 定义)中使用。
接下来,Catch2 要求我们定义一个具有正确定义的 main 方法的翻译单元。按照他们的指示,我们创建 test/main.cpp
文件:
#define CATCH_CONFIG_MAIN
#include "catch.hpp"
现在,我们在 test/Money.test.cpp
:
中编写测试
#include "catch.hpp"
#include "Money.hpp"
TEST_CASE("Money works.") {
...
}
最后,我们需要向 Bazel 解释如何构建这一切。请注意,我们直接在文件中包含 Money.hpp 和 catch.hpp,没有相对路径,因此我们也需要记住这一点。
我们创建以下 test/BUILD
文件:
# We describe to Bazel how to build main.cpp.
# It includes "catch.hpp" directly, so we need to add
# "-Itest/vendor/catch2" compiler option.
cc_library(
name = "catch-main",
srcs = ["main.cpp"],
copts = ["-Itest/vendor/catch2"],
deps = [
"//test/vendor/catch2"
]
)
# Here we define our test. It needs to build together with the catch2
# main that we defined above, so we add it to deps. We directly
# include src/Money.hpp and test/vendor/catch2/catch.hpp in
# Money.test.cpp, so we need to add their parent directories as copts.
# We also add Money and catch2 as dependencies.
cc_test(
name = "Money",
srcs = ["Money.test.cpp"],
copts = ["-Itest/vendor/catch2/", "-Isrc/"],
deps = [
# Or "//test/vendor/catch2:catch2", it is the same.
"//test/vendor/catch2",
"catch-main",
"//src:Money"
]
)
# Test suite that runs all the tests.
test_suite(
name = "all-tests",
tests = [
"Money"
]
)
最后,我们只需要将 visibility
属性添加到 src/BUILD
以便可以从测试中访问它。我们修改 src/BUILD
看起来像这样:
cc_library(
name = "Money",
srcs = ["Money.cpp"],
hdrs = ["Money.hpp"],
visibility = ["//test:__pkg__"]
)
最终文件结构如下所示:
WORKSPACE
src/
Money.hpp
Money.cpp
BUILD
test/
BUILD
main.cpp
Money.test.cpp
vendor/
catch2/
catch.hpp
BUILD
现在您可以 运行 使用 bazel test //test:all-tests
进行测试!
Bazel 开箱即用地支持 Catch2 (v2.13.0)。
例子
WORKSPACE.bazel:
workspace(name = "Catch2Demo")
load("@bazel_tools//tools/build_defs/repo:http.bzl", "http_archive")
http_archive(
name = "catch2",
strip_prefix = "Catch2-2.13.0",
urls = ["https://github.com/catchorg/Catch2/archive/v2.13.0.tar.gz"],
)
BUILD.bazel:
cc_test(
name = "my_test",
srcs = ["my_test.cpp"],
defines = ["CATCH_CONFIG_MAIN"],
deps = [
"@catch2",
],
)
my_test.cpp:
#include <catch2/catch.hpp>
unsigned int Factorial( unsigned int number ) {
return number <= 1 ? number : Factorial(number-1)*number;
}
TEST_CASE( "Factorials are computed", "[factorial]" ) {
REQUIRE( Factorial(1) == 1 );
REQUIRE( Factorial(2) == 2 );
REQUIRE( Factorial(3) == 6 );
REQUIRE( Factorial(10) == 3628800 );
}
Bazel 支持已上游到 catch2:https://github.com/catchorg/Catch2/pull/1923
使用它,您只需添加到您的 WORKSPACE:
http_archive(
name = "com_github_catchorg_catch2",
urls = ["https://github.com/catchorg/Catch2/archive/v2.12.1.tar.gz"],
strip_prefix = "Catch2-2.12.1",
sha256 = "e5635c082282ea518a8dd7ee89796c8026af8ea9068cd7402fb1615deacd91c3",
)
(如果需要更新版本,请将版本和 sha256 替换为正确的值)。
然后你的构建文件可以简单地做:
cc_library(
name = "test_main",
srcs = ["test_main.cpp"],
deps = ["@com_github_catchorg_catch2//:catch2"],
)
test_main.cpp
包含:
#define CATCH_CONFIG_MAIN
#include "catch2/catch.hpp"
最后,您可以像这样定义测试:
cc_library(
name = "my_test",
srcs = ["my_test.cpp"],
deps = [
":test_main",
"@com_github_catchorg_catch2//:catch2",
],
)
我已经启动了一个简单的 C++ 项目,该项目使用 Bazel 作为构建系统,并希望将 Catch2 添加到其中作为测试框架。
这是我的项目到目前为止的样子:
WORKSPACE -> empty file
src/
Money.hpp
Money.cpp
BUILD
构建只是
cc_library(
name = "Money",
srcs = ["Money.cpp"],
hdrs = ["Money.hpp"]
)
我希望能够为每个 cc_library
创建测试,在本例中是 Money
。我尝试设置它但与 Catch2 main 混淆了。任何有关如何做到最好的建议都将不胜感激!
经过一些来回我设法让这个工作,对于 Bazel 0.16.1 和 Catch2 2.4.0。
首先让我们在 src/
旁边创建目录 test/
,以将我们的测试保存在那里。
为了使用Catch2,我们需要下载catch.hpp
。 Catch2 是 header 唯一的库,这意味着我们只需要一个文件。我把它放在 test/vendor/catch2/
.
然后,我们需要定义 bazel 如何使用它。在 test/vendor/catch2
中,我们创建以下 BUILD 文件:
cc_library(
name = "catch2",
hdrs = ["catch.hpp"],
visibility = ["//test:__pkg__"]
)
现在 Bazel 将 Catch2 识别为一个库。我们添加了可见性属性,以便可以从 //test
包(由 /test
目录中的 BUILD 定义)中使用。
接下来,Catch2 要求我们定义一个具有正确定义的 main 方法的翻译单元。按照他们的指示,我们创建 test/main.cpp
文件:
#define CATCH_CONFIG_MAIN
#include "catch.hpp"
现在,我们在 test/Money.test.cpp
:
#include "catch.hpp"
#include "Money.hpp"
TEST_CASE("Money works.") {
...
}
最后,我们需要向 Bazel 解释如何构建这一切。请注意,我们直接在文件中包含 Money.hpp 和 catch.hpp,没有相对路径,因此我们也需要记住这一点。
我们创建以下 test/BUILD
文件:
# We describe to Bazel how to build main.cpp.
# It includes "catch.hpp" directly, so we need to add
# "-Itest/vendor/catch2" compiler option.
cc_library(
name = "catch-main",
srcs = ["main.cpp"],
copts = ["-Itest/vendor/catch2"],
deps = [
"//test/vendor/catch2"
]
)
# Here we define our test. It needs to build together with the catch2
# main that we defined above, so we add it to deps. We directly
# include src/Money.hpp and test/vendor/catch2/catch.hpp in
# Money.test.cpp, so we need to add their parent directories as copts.
# We also add Money and catch2 as dependencies.
cc_test(
name = "Money",
srcs = ["Money.test.cpp"],
copts = ["-Itest/vendor/catch2/", "-Isrc/"],
deps = [
# Or "//test/vendor/catch2:catch2", it is the same.
"//test/vendor/catch2",
"catch-main",
"//src:Money"
]
)
# Test suite that runs all the tests.
test_suite(
name = "all-tests",
tests = [
"Money"
]
)
最后,我们只需要将 visibility
属性添加到 src/BUILD
以便可以从测试中访问它。我们修改 src/BUILD
看起来像这样:
cc_library(
name = "Money",
srcs = ["Money.cpp"],
hdrs = ["Money.hpp"],
visibility = ["//test:__pkg__"]
)
最终文件结构如下所示:
WORKSPACE
src/
Money.hpp
Money.cpp
BUILD
test/
BUILD
main.cpp
Money.test.cpp
vendor/
catch2/
catch.hpp
BUILD
现在您可以 运行 使用 bazel test //test:all-tests
进行测试!
Bazel 开箱即用地支持 Catch2 (v2.13.0)。
例子
WORKSPACE.bazel:
workspace(name = "Catch2Demo")
load("@bazel_tools//tools/build_defs/repo:http.bzl", "http_archive")
http_archive(
name = "catch2",
strip_prefix = "Catch2-2.13.0",
urls = ["https://github.com/catchorg/Catch2/archive/v2.13.0.tar.gz"],
)
BUILD.bazel:
cc_test(
name = "my_test",
srcs = ["my_test.cpp"],
defines = ["CATCH_CONFIG_MAIN"],
deps = [
"@catch2",
],
)
my_test.cpp:
#include <catch2/catch.hpp>
unsigned int Factorial( unsigned int number ) {
return number <= 1 ? number : Factorial(number-1)*number;
}
TEST_CASE( "Factorials are computed", "[factorial]" ) {
REQUIRE( Factorial(1) == 1 );
REQUIRE( Factorial(2) == 2 );
REQUIRE( Factorial(3) == 6 );
REQUIRE( Factorial(10) == 3628800 );
}
Bazel 支持已上游到 catch2:https://github.com/catchorg/Catch2/pull/1923
使用它,您只需添加到您的 WORKSPACE:
http_archive(
name = "com_github_catchorg_catch2",
urls = ["https://github.com/catchorg/Catch2/archive/v2.12.1.tar.gz"],
strip_prefix = "Catch2-2.12.1",
sha256 = "e5635c082282ea518a8dd7ee89796c8026af8ea9068cd7402fb1615deacd91c3",
)
(如果需要更新版本,请将版本和 sha256 替换为正确的值)。
然后你的构建文件可以简单地做:
cc_library(
name = "test_main",
srcs = ["test_main.cpp"],
deps = ["@com_github_catchorg_catch2//:catch2"],
)
test_main.cpp
包含:
#define CATCH_CONFIG_MAIN
#include "catch2/catch.hpp"
最后,您可以像这样定义测试:
cc_library(
name = "my_test",
srcs = ["my_test.cpp"],
deps = [
":test_main",
"@com_github_catchorg_catch2//:catch2",
],
)