绘制时间序列的各个方面
plotting facets of time series
我有以下数据框，描述了全天的短时间睡眠。这是一个示例：
structure(list(starttime = structure(c(1507252170, 1507534980,
1507523940, 1508901450, 1507254150, 1507775670, 1507603260, 1507708020,
1507539960, 1508857170, 1507534740, 1507784520, 1508813190, 1507536060,
1507523160, 1508901870, 1507539840, 1507523520, 1507775640, 1507713660,
1507782240, 1507254390, 1507612950, 1507623210, 1507595190, 1508819730,
1508815680, 1507695990, 1508809830, 1508857050, 1507708530, 1508898960,
1507780860, 1508862510, 1507825860, 1507603830, 1507620630, 1507699950,
1508899320, 1507825980, 1507607970, 1507533120, 1507790460, 1507597110,
1508862570, 1508813640, 1507515420, 1507533180, 1507794360, 1507593210,
1507515360, 1507777710, 1507609710, 1507828440, 1507535040, 1508908470,
1507623270, 1507607400, 1507535100, 1507791360, 1507524060, 1507620210,
1507620330, 1507782300, 1507710690, 1508903760, 1507607370, 1507708380,
1508807400, 1507536000, 1507534800, 1507593030, 1508813160, 1507594230,
1507791720, 1507791000, 1507515600, 1507620570, 1507515480, 1507356150,
1508857110, 1507789500, 1507361400, 1507718940, 1507597260, 1507597980,
1507782630, 1507361760, 1507790580, 1507696290, 1507790490, 1507828260,
1507613610, 1508085480, 1508085420, 1508899020, 1507606380, 1507828380,
1507605780, 1507780050), class = c("POSIXct", "POSIXt"), tzone = "UTC"),
endtime = structure(c(1507254150, 1507535040, 1507524060,
1508901870, 1507254390, 1507777710, 1507603830, 1507708380,
1507540260, 1508862510, 1507534800, 1507785450, 1508813640,
1507539840, 1507523280, 1508902530, 1507539960, 1507523580,
1507775670, 1507718940, 1507782630, 1507257510, 1507613610,
1507623270, 1507597110, 1508856990, 1508819730, 1507696110,
1508810070, 1508857110, 1507708950, 1508899320, 1507781280,
1508862570, 1507825980, 1507604130, 1507620690, 1507700070,
1508899440, 1507828080, 1507609710, 1507533180, 1507790490,
1507597260, 1508862930, 1508813880, 1507515480, 1507534740,
1507797330, 1507593540, 1507515420, 1507780050, 1507610040,
1507829820, 1507535100, 1508908890, 1507624710, 1507607790,
1507536000, 1507791720, 1507524120, 1507620330, 1507620570,
1507782630, 1507711050, 1508903790, 1507607790, 1507708530,
1508809530, 1507536060, 1507534860, 1507593210, 1508813190,
1507595190, 1507793580, 1507791120, 1507515780, 1507620630,
1507515540, 1507356390, 1508857170, 1507790070, 1507361760,
1507719270, 1507597980, 1507603260, 1507784520, 1507364670,
1507791000, 1507696350, 1507791510, 1507828380, 1507613910,
1508085660, 1508085480, 1508899080, 1507607370, 1507828440,
1507606050, 1507780860), class = c("POSIXct", "POSIXt"), tzone = "UTC"),
sleeptype = c("asleep", "awake", "restless", "rem", "awake",
"light", "wake", "wake", "asleep", "asleep", "restless",
"rem", "deep", "asleep", "restless", "light", "restless",
"restless", "wake", "light", "deep", "asleep", "light", "restless",
"deep", "Unknown", "light", "asleep", "wake", "asleep", "rem",
"wake", "wake", "restless", "restless", "rem", "restless",
"restless", "light", "asleep", "rem", "restless", "light",
"light", "asleep", "light", "asleep", "asleep", "rem", "wake",
"restless", "deep", "light", "asleep", "restless", "deep",
"asleep", "deep", "asleep", "light", "asleep", "asleep",
"restless", "deep", "deep", "light", "deep", "light", "light",
"restless", "asleep", "light", "light", "rem", "wake", "light",
"restless", "awake", "restless", "wake", "restless", "light",
"wake", "rem", "wake", "light", "light", "light", "wake",
"awake", "wake", "restless", "rem", "asleep", "restless",
"restless", "light", "awake", "rem", "light"), Date = structure(c(17445,
17448, 17448, 17464, 17445, 17451, 17449, 17450, 17448, 17463,
17448, 17451, 17463, 17448, 17448, 17464, 17448, 17448, 17451,
17450, 17451, 17445, 17449, 17449, 17449, 17463, 17463, 17450,
17463, 17463, 17450, 17464, 17451, 17463, 17451, 17449, 17449,
17450, 17464, 17451, 17449, 17448, 17451, 17449, 17463, 17463,
17448, 17448, 17451, 17448, 17448, 17451, 17449, 17451, 17448,
17464, 17449, 17449, 17448, 17451, 17448, 17449, 17449, 17451,
17450, 17464, 17449, 17450, 17463, 17448, 17448, 17448, 17463,
17449, 17451, 17451, 17448, 17449, 17448, 17446, 17463, 17451,
17446, 17450, 17449, 17449, 17451, 17446, 17451, 17450, 17451,
17451, 17449, 17454, 17454, 17464, 17449, 17451, 17449, 17451
), class = "Date")), row.names = c(NA, -100L), class = c("tbl_df",
"tbl", "data.frame"))
每一天都包含一天中不同时间的数据。我想在 x 轴上绘制时间，在 y 轴上绘制睡眠类型作为一个因素。这是我目前所拥有的：
ggplot() + geom_segment(data = df, aes(x =starttime, y = sleeptype, xend = endtime,
yend = sleeptype, col= sleeptype), size = 2) +
facet_wrap(~Date, scales = "free_x") +
scale_x_datetime(breaks = date_breaks("1 hour"), date_labels = "%H")
我遗漏了两件事：
如何用垂直（更像是对角线）线连接线段？有关示例，请参见 link。
https://www.google.co.il/search?q=sleep+stages&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj5j_LFv-_dAhVCiRoKHaE2AxgQ_AUIDigB&biw=1920&bih=894#imgdii=mPhTg0I0Sw3DQM:&imgrc=-M2t6q6EI9fZdM:
我希望每个方面的时间限制为 00:00 到 23:59。我得到的最接近的是scales = "free_x"，但这侧重于每天的可用时段。我希望每一天都一样。如果我不使用free scales，每个facet的时间限制就是整个数据帧的整个时间段。
如有任何帮助，我们将不胜感激。谢谢！
我认为这可以分两步解决：
1) 给各种sleeptype分配一个编号，可以和geom_step.
一起使用
2) 创建一个备用时间戳，它使用任意一天（Sys.Date 将是今天，但它可以是任何一天而不重要）与时间戳的时间部分配对。
呈现结果数据的最简单方法是使用 geom_step，但当数据连续且没有任何间隙时，该几何图形效果最好，即每个 starttime 对应最后一个 [=14] =].它在这里仍然可以正常工作，但我们看不到每个数据块中最后一段的持续时间。
或者，要查看所有段的长度，我们可以使用 geom_segment，但是我们必须手动创建垂直段并添加它们，如下所示：
library(lubridate); library(dplyr)
# convenience function to convert datetime to today
today_time <- function(datetime) {
ymd_hms(paste(Sys.Date(), hour(datetime), minute(datetime), second(datetime)))
}
df2 <- df %>%
# These are my guesses, of course code as
mutate(sleep_level = case_when(sleeptype == "awake" ~ 6,
sleeptype == "wake" ~ 6,
sleeptype == "rem" ~ 5,
sleeptype == "restless" ~ 4,
sleeptype == "light" ~ 3,
sleeptype == "asleep" ~ 2,
sleeptype == "deep" ~ 1,
# TRUE captures everything else, incl NA
TRUE ~ -1),
start_today = today_time(starttime),
end_today = today_time(endtime)
)
ggplot(df2) +
geom_hline(yintercept = 0, color = "gray70") +
geom_step(aes(x = start_today, y = sleep_level)) +
# geom_segment(aes(x = start_today, xend = end_today,
# y = sleep_level, yend = sleep_level)) +
facet_wrap(~Date) +
scale_x_datetime(date_labels = "%H:%M")
我有以下数据框，描述了全天的短时间睡眠。这是一个示例：
structure(list(starttime = structure(c(1507252170, 1507534980,
1507523940, 1508901450, 1507254150, 1507775670, 1507603260, 1507708020,
1507539960, 1508857170, 1507534740, 1507784520, 1508813190, 1507536060,
1507523160, 1508901870, 1507539840, 1507523520, 1507775640, 1507713660,
1507782240, 1507254390, 1507612950, 1507623210, 1507595190, 1508819730,
1508815680, 1507695990, 1508809830, 1508857050, 1507708530, 1508898960,
1507780860, 1508862510, 1507825860, 1507603830, 1507620630, 1507699950,
1508899320, 1507825980, 1507607970, 1507533120, 1507790460, 1507597110,
1508862570, 1508813640, 1507515420, 1507533180, 1507794360, 1507593210,
1507515360, 1507777710, 1507609710, 1507828440, 1507535040, 1508908470,
1507623270, 1507607400, 1507535100, 1507791360, 1507524060, 1507620210,
1507620330, 1507782300, 1507710690, 1508903760, 1507607370, 1507708380,
1508807400, 1507536000, 1507534800, 1507593030, 1508813160, 1507594230,
1507791720, 1507791000, 1507515600, 1507620570, 1507515480, 1507356150,
1508857110, 1507789500, 1507361400, 1507718940, 1507597260, 1507597980,
1507782630, 1507361760, 1507790580, 1507696290, 1507790490, 1507828260,
1507613610, 1508085480, 1508085420, 1508899020, 1507606380, 1507828380,
1507605780, 1507780050), class = c("POSIXct", "POSIXt"), tzone = "UTC"),
endtime = structure(c(1507254150, 1507535040, 1507524060,
1508901870, 1507254390, 1507777710, 1507603830, 1507708380,
1507540260, 1508862510, 1507534800, 1507785450, 1508813640,
1507539840, 1507523280, 1508902530, 1507539960, 1507523580,
1507775670, 1507718940, 1507782630, 1507257510, 1507613610,
1507623270, 1507597110, 1508856990, 1508819730, 1507696110,
1508810070, 1508857110, 1507708950, 1508899320, 1507781280,
1508862570, 1507825980, 1507604130, 1507620690, 1507700070,
1508899440, 1507828080, 1507609710, 1507533180, 1507790490,
1507597260, 1508862930, 1508813880, 1507515480, 1507534740,
1507797330, 1507593540, 1507515420, 1507780050, 1507610040,
1507829820, 1507535100, 1508908890, 1507624710, 1507607790,
1507536000, 1507791720, 1507524120, 1507620330, 1507620570,
1507782630, 1507711050, 1508903790, 1507607790, 1507708530,
1508809530, 1507536060, 1507534860, 1507593210, 1508813190,
1507595190, 1507793580, 1507791120, 1507515780, 1507620630,
1507515540, 1507356390, 1508857170, 1507790070, 1507361760,
1507719270, 1507597980, 1507603260, 1507784520, 1507364670,
1507791000, 1507696350, 1507791510, 1507828380, 1507613910,
1508085660, 1508085480, 1508899080, 1507607370, 1507828440,
1507606050, 1507780860), class = c("POSIXct", "POSIXt"), tzone = "UTC"),
sleeptype = c("asleep", "awake", "restless", "rem", "awake",
"light", "wake", "wake", "asleep", "asleep", "restless",
"rem", "deep", "asleep", "restless", "light", "restless",
"restless", "wake", "light", "deep", "asleep", "light", "restless",
"deep", "Unknown", "light", "asleep", "wake", "asleep", "rem",
"wake", "wake", "restless", "restless", "rem", "restless",
"restless", "light", "asleep", "rem", "restless", "light",
"light", "asleep", "light", "asleep", "asleep", "rem", "wake",
"restless", "deep", "light", "asleep", "restless", "deep",
"asleep", "deep", "asleep", "light", "asleep", "asleep",
"restless", "deep", "deep", "light", "deep", "light", "light",
"restless", "asleep", "light", "light", "rem", "wake", "light",
"restless", "awake", "restless", "wake", "restless", "light",
"wake", "rem", "wake", "light", "light", "light", "wake",
"awake", "wake", "restless", "rem", "asleep", "restless",
"restless", "light", "awake", "rem", "light"), Date = structure(c(17445,
17448, 17448, 17464, 17445, 17451, 17449, 17450, 17448, 17463,
17448, 17451, 17463, 17448, 17448, 17464, 17448, 17448, 17451,
17450, 17451, 17445, 17449, 17449, 17449, 17463, 17463, 17450,
17463, 17463, 17450, 17464, 17451, 17463, 17451, 17449, 17449,
17450, 17464, 17451, 17449, 17448, 17451, 17449, 17463, 17463,
17448, 17448, 17451, 17448, 17448, 17451, 17449, 17451, 17448,
17464, 17449, 17449, 17448, 17451, 17448, 17449, 17449, 17451,
17450, 17464, 17449, 17450, 17463, 17448, 17448, 17448, 17463,
17449, 17451, 17451, 17448, 17449, 17448, 17446, 17463, 17451,
17446, 17450, 17449, 17449, 17451, 17446, 17451, 17450, 17451,
17451, 17449, 17454, 17454, 17464, 17449, 17451, 17449, 17451
), class = "Date")), row.names = c(NA, -100L), class = c("tbl_df",
"tbl", "data.frame"))
每一天都包含一天中不同时间的数据。我想在 x 轴上绘制时间，在 y 轴上绘制睡眠类型作为一个因素。这是我目前所拥有的：
ggplot() + geom_segment(data = df, aes(x =starttime, y = sleeptype, xend = endtime,
yend = sleeptype, col= sleeptype), size = 2) +
facet_wrap(~Date, scales = "free_x") +
scale_x_datetime(breaks = date_breaks("1 hour"), date_labels = "%H")
我遗漏了两件事：
如何用垂直（更像是对角线）线连接线段？有关示例，请参见 link。 https://www.google.co.il/search?q=sleep+stages&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj5j_LFv-_dAhVCiRoKHaE2AxgQ_AUIDigB&biw=1920&bih=894#imgdii=mPhTg0I0Sw3DQM:&imgrc=-M2t6q6EI9fZdM:
我希望每个方面的时间限制为 00:00 到 23:59。我得到的最接近的是
scales = "free_x"，但这侧重于每天的可用时段。我希望每一天都一样。如果我不使用free scales，每个facet的时间限制就是整个数据帧的整个时间段。
如有任何帮助，我们将不胜感激。谢谢！
我认为这可以分两步解决：
1) 给各种sleeptype分配一个编号，可以和geom_step.
2) 创建一个备用时间戳，它使用任意一天（Sys.Date 将是今天，但它可以是任何一天而不重要）与时间戳的时间部分配对。
呈现结果数据的最简单方法是使用 geom_step，但当数据连续且没有任何间隙时，该几何图形效果最好，即每个 starttime 对应最后一个 [=14] =].它在这里仍然可以正常工作，但我们看不到每个数据块中最后一段的持续时间。
或者，要查看所有段的长度，我们可以使用 geom_segment，但是我们必须手动创建垂直段并添加它们，如下所示：
library(lubridate); library(dplyr)
# convenience function to convert datetime to today
today_time <- function(datetime) {
ymd_hms(paste(Sys.Date(), hour(datetime), minute(datetime), second(datetime)))
}
df2 <- df %>%
# These are my guesses, of course code as
mutate(sleep_level = case_when(sleeptype == "awake" ~ 6,
sleeptype == "wake" ~ 6,
sleeptype == "rem" ~ 5,
sleeptype == "restless" ~ 4,
sleeptype == "light" ~ 3,
sleeptype == "asleep" ~ 2,
sleeptype == "deep" ~ 1,
# TRUE captures everything else, incl NA
TRUE ~ -1),
start_today = today_time(starttime),
end_today = today_time(endtime)
)
ggplot(df2) +
geom_hline(yintercept = 0, color = "gray70") +
geom_step(aes(x = start_today, y = sleep_level)) +
# geom_segment(aes(x = start_today, xend = end_today,
# y = sleep_level, yend = sleep_level)) +
facet_wrap(~Date) +
scale_x_datetime(date_labels = "%H:%M")