如何在 Python 中创建用于 PyQt 的线程

Question

我正在尝试了解如何在 Pyqt 中使用线程，并且我真的很难遵循任何教程，因为它们中的大多数都是基于通过类从头开始创建的界面。我已经使用 Qt 设计器创建了我的界面，但无法弄清楚如何运行使用线程处理程序并更新界面而不使其冻结。我的示例代码如下所示：

import sys
from PyQt5 import uic, QtWidgets

def task():
    for i in range (1,100000):
    html = ("<p style = 'color:blue;'> <b> Completed: %s <b> <p><br>") % i
    window.plainTextEdit.appendHtml(html)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    window = uic.loadUi('test.ui')
    window.show()
    window.pushButton.clicked.connect(task)
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

也很想添加一个进度条，它也可以运行在它自己的线程上。

Answer 1

类你需要爱，越早越好！您想要的一个选项可能如下所示：

import sys
import threading
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets, QtCore   # ,uic 


def thread(my_func):
    """  Runs a function in a separate thread. """
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        my_thread = threading.Thread(target=my_func, args=args, kwargs=kwargs)
        my_thread.start()
    return wrapper

@thread
def processing(signal):
    """ Emulates the processing of some data. """
    ind = 1
    for i in range (1,10001):                                     # +++
        html = ("<p style='color:blue;'> Completed: <b>%s </b> </p> <br>") % i
        QtCore.QThread.msleep(5)
        ind = ind if i%100!=0 else ind+1                          # +++
        signal.emit(html, ind)                                    # +++ 



def mySignalHandler(html, val):          # Called to process a signal
    plainTextEdit.appendHtml(html)
    progressBar.setValue(val)


class WindowSignal(QtWidgets.QWidget):
    """ New signals can be defined as class attributes using the pyqtSignal() factory. """
    my_signal = QtCore.pyqtSignal(str, int, name='my_signal')


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)

    window = WindowSignal()

    button = QtWidgets.QPushButton("Emit your signal!", window)
    button.clicked.connect(lambda: processing(window.my_signal))

    # since you do not publish test.ui, I replaced it with the line below:
    plainTextEdit = QtWidgets.QPlainTextEdit(window)
    progressBar = QtWidgets.QProgressBar()
    progressBar.setTextVisible(False)


    layoutHBox = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
    layoutHBox.addWidget(button)
    layoutHBox.addWidget(plainTextEdit)

    layoutVBox = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout()
    window.setLayout(layoutVBox)
    layoutVBox.addLayout(layoutHBox)
    layoutVBox.addWidget(progressBar)

    window.my_signal.connect(mySignalHandler, QtCore.Qt.QueuedConnection)

    window.show()

    sys.exit(app.exec_())

Example 2:

test.ui是Qt Designer自动生成的主要window描述文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ui version="4.0">
 <class>Form</class>
 <widget class="QWidget" name="Form">
  <property name="geometry">
   <rect>
    <x>0</x>
    <y>0</y>
    <width>400</width>
    <height>300</height>
   </rect>
  </property>
  <property name="windowTitle">
   <string>Form</string>
  </property>
  <widget class="QWidget" name="">
   <property name="geometry">
    <rect>
     <x>12</x>
     <y>12</y>
     <width>371</width>
     <height>281</height>
    </rect>
   </property>
   <layout class="QVBoxLayout" name="verticalLayout">
    <item>
     <layout class="QHBoxLayout" name="horizontalLayout">
      <item>
       <widget class="QPushButton" name="button">
        <property name="text">
         <string>Emit your signal!</string>
        </property>
       </widget>
      </item>
      <item>
       <widget class="QPlainTextEdit" name="plainTextEdit"/>
      </item>
     </layout>
    </item>
    <item>
     <widget class="QProgressBar" name="progressBar">
      <property name="value">
       <number>0</number>
      </property>
      <property name="textVisible">
       <bool>false</bool>
      </property>
      <property name="invertedAppearance">
       <bool>false</bool>
      </property>
     </widget>
    </item>
   </layout>
  </widget>
 </widget>
 <resources/>
 <connections/>
</ui>

main.py

import sys
import threading
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets, QtCore, uic 


def thread(my_func):
    """  Runs a function in a separate thread. """
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        my_thread = threading.Thread(target=my_func, args=args, kwargs=kwargs)
        my_thread.start()
    return wrapper

@thread
def processing(signal):
    """ Emulates the processing of some data. """
    for i in range (1,101):   # (1,100000)
        html = ("<p style='color:blue;'> Completed: <b>%s </b> </p> <br>") % i
        QtCore.QThread.msleep(10)
        signal.emit(html, i)     # Send a signal in which we transfer the received data


def mySignalHandler(html, val):          # Called to process a signal
    window.plainTextEdit.appendHtml(html)
    window.progressBar.setValue(val)


class WindowSignal(QtWidgets.QWidget):
    """ New signals can be defined as class attributes using the pyqtSignal() factory. """
    my_signal = QtCore.pyqtSignal(str, int, name='my_signal')


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)

    window = WindowSignal()
    uic.loadUi('test.ui', window)    

    window.button.clicked.connect(lambda: processing(window.my_signal))
    window.my_signal.connect(mySignalHandler, QtCore.Qt.QueuedConnection)

    window.show()

    sys.exit(app.exec_())

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