指定分类特征列的形状?

Specify shape for categorical feature columns?

我知道我可以使用 categorical_column_with_identity 将分类特征转换为一系列单热特征。

例如,如果我的词汇量是 ["ON", "OFF", "UNKNOWN"]:
"OFF" -> [0, 1, 0]

categorical_column = tf.feature_column.categorical_column_with_identity('column_name', num_buckets=3)
feature_column = tf.feature_column.indicator_column(categorical_column))

但是,我实际上有一个一维的分类特征数组。我想把它变成一个二维系列的单热特征:

["OFF", "ON", "OFF", "UNKNOWN", "ON"]
->
[[0, 1, 0], [1, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1], [1, 0, 0]]

与其他所有功能专栏不同,categorical_column_with_identity 上似乎没有 shape 属性,而且我没有通过 Google 或文档找到任何帮助。

我是否必须放弃 categorical_column_with_identity 并通过 numerical_column 自己创建二维数组?

根据评论,我不确定 tensorflow 是否可以实现此功能。但是使用 Pandas 你有一个简单的解决方案 pd.get_dummies:

import pandas as pd

L = ['OFF', 'ON', 'OFF', 'UNKNOWN', 'ON']

res = pd.get_dummies(L)

print(res)

   OFF  ON  UNKNOWN
0    1   0        0
1    0   1        0
2    1   0        0
3    0   0        1
4    0   1        0

为了性能,或者如果你只需要一个 NumPy 数组,你可以使用 LabelBinarizer from sklearn.preprocessing:

from sklearn.preprocessing import LabelBinarizer

LB = LabelBinarizer()

res = LB.fit_transform(L)

print(res)

array([[1, 0, 0],
       [0, 1, 0],
       [1, 0, 0],
       [0, 0, 1],
       [0, 1, 0]])

二进制编码的几个选项

import tensorflow as tf
test = ["OFF", "ON", "OFF", "UNKNOWN", "ON"]
encoding = {x:idx for idx, x in enumerate(sorted(set(test)))}
test = [encoding[x] for x in test]
print(tf.keras.utils.to_categorical(test, num_classes=len(encoding)))

>>>[[1. 0. 0.]
    [0. 1. 0.]
    [1. 0. 0.]
    [0. 0. 1.]
    [0. 1. 0.]]

或如其他答案所述来自 scikit

from sklearn.preprocessing import LabelBinarizer
encoder = LabelBinarizer()
transfomed_label = encoder.fit_transform(["OFF", "ON", "OFF", "UNKNOWN", "ON"])
print(transfomed_label)

>>>[[1 0 0]
    [0 1 0]
    [1 0 0]
    [0 0 1]
    [0 1 0]]

您可以像这样使用字典作为地图:

categorical_features = ["OFF", "ON", "OFF", "UNKNOWN", "ON"]
one_hot_features = []

map = {"ON": [1, 0, 0], "OFF": [0, 1, 0], "UNKNOWN": [0, 0, 1]}

for val in categorical_features:
    one_hot_features.append(map[val])

或使用列表理解: categorical_features = ["OFF", "ON", "OFF", "UNKNOWN", "ON"]

map = {"ON": [1, 0, 0], "OFF": [0, 1, 0], "UNKNOWN": [0, 0, 1]}
one_hot_features = [map[f] for f in categorical_features]

这应该能满足您的需求。