太笨了，无法将 Appium Java 客户端实现到 Android Studio 项目中
Being too stupid to implement Appium Java client into Android Studio Project
我最近开始使用 Android Studio 3.1.2 和 SDK 19 (Android 4.4) 编写我真正的第一个 android 项目。
当我遇到测试时，我想自动化我的 UI-tests，我计划用 Appium 的 java 客户端编写它（服务器将在外部设置）。为了获得包含所有驱动程序的 java-Client，我在 build.gradle(app):
中添加了依赖项
implementation 'io.appium:java-client:6.1.0'
添加依赖项后同步 Gradle 不会导致任何可识别的问题。现在，如果我尝试 运行 我的一个（非 UI）测试，我在构建过程中已经得到 DexArchiveBuilderException，抛出一堵文本墙，以某种方式暗示，那几个io.appium:java-client:6.1.0 的资源需要更新的 Android SDK 的 API：
AGPBI: {"kind":"error","text":"Default interface methods are only supported starting with Android N (--min-api 24): java.lang.Object org.openqa.selenium.firefox.XpiDriverService$ThrowingSupplier.get()","sources":[{}],"tool":"D8"}
AGPBI: {"kind":"error","text":"Invoke-customs are only supported starting with Android O (--min-api 26)","sources":[{}],"tool":"D8"}
AGPBI: {"kind":"error","text":"Invoke-customs are only supported starting with Android O (--min-api 26)","sources":[{}],"tool":"D8"}
AGPBI: {"kind":"error","text":"Invoke-customs are only supported starting with Android O (--min-api 26)","sources":[{}],"tool":"D8"}
AGPBI: {"kind":"error","text":"Default interface methods are only supported starting with Android N (--min-api 24): org.springframework.core.env.Environment org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext.getEnvironment()","sources":[{}],"tool":"D8"}
AGPBI: {"kind":"error","text":"Default interface methods are only supported starting with Android N (--min-api 24): java.util.concurrent.ScheduledFuture org.springframework.scheduling.TaskScheduler.schedule(java.lang.Runnable, java.time.Instant)","sources":[{}],"tool":"D8"}
AGPBI: {"kind":"error","text":"Default interface methods are only supported starting with Android N (--min-api 24): void org.springframework.context.ApplicationEventPublisher.publishEvent(org.springframework.context.ApplicationEvent)","sources":[{}],"tool":"D8"}
AGPBI: {"kind":"error","text":"Default interface methods are only supported starting with Android N (--min-api 24): boolean org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessor.requiresDestruction(java.lang.Object)","sources":[{}],"tool":"D8"}
AGPBI: {"kind":"error","text":"Default interface methods are only supported starting with Android N (--min-api 24): boolean org.springframework.beans.factory.FactoryBean.isSingleton()","sources":[{}],"tool":"D8"}
AGPBI: {"kind":"error","text":"Default interface methods are only supported starting with Android N (--min-api 24): boolean org.springframework.beans.factory.SmartFactoryBean.isEagerInit()","sources":[{}],"tool":"D8"}
在实际异常之下：
com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveBuilderException: com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveBuilderException: Failed to process /Users/ini/.gradle/caches/modules-2/files-2.1/org.seleniumhq.selenium/selenium-firefox-driver/3.12.0/b44da882625fdc1e8e99035b3d1bb488d17802e6/selenium-firefox-driver-3.12.0.jar
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.getThrowableException(ForkJoinTask.java:593)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.reportException(ForkJoinTask.java:677)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.join(ForkJoinTask.java:720)
at com.android.ide.common.internal.WaitableExecutor.waitForTasksWithQuickFail(WaitableExecutor.java:146)
at com.android.build.gradle.internal.transforms.DexArchiveBuilderTransform.transform(DexArchiveBuilderTransform.java:308)
at com.android.build.gradle.internal.pipeline.TransformTask.call(TransformTask.java:221)
at com.android.build.gradle.internal.pipeline.TransformTask.call(TransformTask.java:217)
at com.android.builder.profile.ThreadRecorder.record(ThreadRecorder.java:102)
at com.android.build.gradle.internal.pipeline.TransformTask.transform(TransformTask.java:212)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.gradle.internal.reflect.JavaMethod.invoke(JavaMethod.java:73)
at org.gradle.api.internal.project.taskfactory.IncrementalTaskAction.doExecute(IncrementalTaskAction.java:46)
at org.gradle.api.internal.project.taskfactory.StandardTaskAction.execute(StandardTaskAction.java:39)
at org.gradle.api.internal.project.taskfactory.StandardTaskAction.execute(StandardTaskAction.java:26)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.run(ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.java:121)
at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:336)
at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:328)
at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:199)
at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.run(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:110)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.executeAction(ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.java:110)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.executeActions(ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.java:92)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.execute(ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.java:70)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.OutputDirectoryCreatingTaskExecuter.execute(OutputDirectoryCreatingTaskExecuter.java:51)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.SkipUpToDateTaskExecuter.execute(SkipUpToDateTaskExecuter.java:62)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ResolveTaskOutputCachingStateExecuter.execute(ResolveTaskOutputCachingStateExecuter.java:54)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ValidatingTaskExecuter.execute(ValidatingTaskExecuter.java:60)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.SkipEmptySourceFilesTaskExecuter.execute(SkipEmptySourceFilesTaskExecuter.java:97)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.CleanupStaleOutputsExecuter.execute(CleanupStaleOutputsExecuter.java:87)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ResolveTaskArtifactStateTaskExecuter.execute(ResolveTaskArtifactStateTaskExecuter.java:52)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.SkipTaskWithNoActionsExecuter.execute(SkipTaskWithNoActionsExecuter.java:52)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.SkipOnlyIfTaskExecuter.execute(SkipOnlyIfTaskExecuter.java:54)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteAtMostOnceTaskExecuter.execute(ExecuteAtMostOnceTaskExecuter.java:43)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.CatchExceptionTaskExecuter.execute(CatchExceptionTaskExecuter.java:34)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskGraphExecuter$EventFiringTaskWorker.run(DefaultTaskGraphExecuter.java:248)
at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:336)
at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:328)
at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:199)
at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.run(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:110)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskGraphExecuter$EventFiringTaskWorker.execute(DefaultTaskGraphExecuter.java:241)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskGraphExecuter$EventFiringTaskWorker.execute(DefaultTaskGraphExecuter.java:230)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker.processTask(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:123)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker.access0(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:79)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker.execute(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:104)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker.execute(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:98)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskExecutionPlan.execute(DefaultTaskExecutionPlan.java:626)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskExecutionPlan.executeWithTask(DefaultTaskExecutionPlan.java:581)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker.run(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:98)
at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ExecutorPolicy$CatchAndRecordFailures.onExecute(ExecutorPolicy.java:63)
at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ManagedExecutorImpl.run(ManagedExecutorImpl.java:46)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ThreadFactoryImpl$ManagedThreadRunnable.run(ThreadFactoryImpl.java:55)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
我在测试自动化方面几乎没有任何经验，所以 Appium 官方文档并没有真正向我解释，如果可以在 SDK 19 上制作客户端 运行，如果是这样的话，如何要做到这一点。你们有人知道怎么做吗？或者我只是有勇无谋，忘记了集成过程中的必要步骤？感谢转发。
如果您想使用 Appium Java 客户端实现自动化，最好将其测试项目与 Android 项目分开，并在 Appium 测试中使用您构建的应用 APK。
如果您想将测试与 Android 项目放在一起，最好使用 Espresso，因为它是 Android SDK 的一部分。
我最近开始使用 Android Studio 3.1.2 和 SDK 19 (Android 4.4) 编写我真正的第一个 android 项目。
当我遇到测试时，我想自动化我的 UI-tests，我计划用 Appium 的 java 客户端编写它（服务器将在外部设置）。为了获得包含所有驱动程序的 java-Client，我在 build.gradle(app):
implementation 'io.appium:java-client:6.1.0'
添加依赖项后同步 Gradle 不会导致任何可识别的问题。现在，如果我尝试 运行 我的一个（非 UI）测试，我在构建过程中已经得到 DexArchiveBuilderException，抛出一堵文本墙，以某种方式暗示，那几个io.appium:java-client:6.1.0 的资源需要更新的 Android SDK 的 API：
AGPBI: {"kind":"error","text":"Default interface methods are only supported starting with Android N (--min-api 24): java.lang.Object org.openqa.selenium.firefox.XpiDriverService$ThrowingSupplier.get()","sources":[{}],"tool":"D8"}
AGPBI: {"kind":"error","text":"Invoke-customs are only supported starting with Android O (--min-api 26)","sources":[{}],"tool":"D8"}
AGPBI: {"kind":"error","text":"Invoke-customs are only supported starting with Android O (--min-api 26)","sources":[{}],"tool":"D8"}
AGPBI: {"kind":"error","text":"Invoke-customs are only supported starting with Android O (--min-api 26)","sources":[{}],"tool":"D8"}
AGPBI: {"kind":"error","text":"Default interface methods are only supported starting with Android N (--min-api 24): org.springframework.core.env.Environment org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext.getEnvironment()","sources":[{}],"tool":"D8"}
AGPBI: {"kind":"error","text":"Default interface methods are only supported starting with Android N (--min-api 24): java.util.concurrent.ScheduledFuture org.springframework.scheduling.TaskScheduler.schedule(java.lang.Runnable, java.time.Instant)","sources":[{}],"tool":"D8"}
AGPBI: {"kind":"error","text":"Default interface methods are only supported starting with Android N (--min-api 24): void org.springframework.context.ApplicationEventPublisher.publishEvent(org.springframework.context.ApplicationEvent)","sources":[{}],"tool":"D8"}
AGPBI: {"kind":"error","text":"Default interface methods are only supported starting with Android N (--min-api 24): boolean org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessor.requiresDestruction(java.lang.Object)","sources":[{}],"tool":"D8"}
AGPBI: {"kind":"error","text":"Default interface methods are only supported starting with Android N (--min-api 24): boolean org.springframework.beans.factory.FactoryBean.isSingleton()","sources":[{}],"tool":"D8"}
AGPBI: {"kind":"error","text":"Default interface methods are only supported starting with Android N (--min-api 24): boolean org.springframework.beans.factory.SmartFactoryBean.isEagerInit()","sources":[{}],"tool":"D8"}
在实际异常之下：
com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveBuilderException: com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveBuilderException: Failed to process /Users/ini/.gradle/caches/modules-2/files-2.1/org.seleniumhq.selenium/selenium-firefox-driver/3.12.0/b44da882625fdc1e8e99035b3d1bb488d17802e6/selenium-firefox-driver-3.12.0.jar
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.getThrowableException(ForkJoinTask.java:593)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.reportException(ForkJoinTask.java:677)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.join(ForkJoinTask.java:720)
at com.android.ide.common.internal.WaitableExecutor.waitForTasksWithQuickFail(WaitableExecutor.java:146)
at com.android.build.gradle.internal.transforms.DexArchiveBuilderTransform.transform(DexArchiveBuilderTransform.java:308)
at com.android.build.gradle.internal.pipeline.TransformTask.call(TransformTask.java:221)
at com.android.build.gradle.internal.pipeline.TransformTask.call(TransformTask.java:217)
at com.android.builder.profile.ThreadRecorder.record(ThreadRecorder.java:102)
at com.android.build.gradle.internal.pipeline.TransformTask.transform(TransformTask.java:212)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.gradle.internal.reflect.JavaMethod.invoke(JavaMethod.java:73)
at org.gradle.api.internal.project.taskfactory.IncrementalTaskAction.doExecute(IncrementalTaskAction.java:46)
at org.gradle.api.internal.project.taskfactory.StandardTaskAction.execute(StandardTaskAction.java:39)
at org.gradle.api.internal.project.taskfactory.StandardTaskAction.execute(StandardTaskAction.java:26)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.run(ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.java:121)
at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:336)
at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:328)
at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:199)
at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.run(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:110)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.executeAction(ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.java:110)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.executeActions(ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.java:92)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.execute(ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.java:70)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.OutputDirectoryCreatingTaskExecuter.execute(OutputDirectoryCreatingTaskExecuter.java:51)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.SkipUpToDateTaskExecuter.execute(SkipUpToDateTaskExecuter.java:62)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ResolveTaskOutputCachingStateExecuter.execute(ResolveTaskOutputCachingStateExecuter.java:54)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ValidatingTaskExecuter.execute(ValidatingTaskExecuter.java:60)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.SkipEmptySourceFilesTaskExecuter.execute(SkipEmptySourceFilesTaskExecuter.java:97)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.CleanupStaleOutputsExecuter.execute(CleanupStaleOutputsExecuter.java:87)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ResolveTaskArtifactStateTaskExecuter.execute(ResolveTaskArtifactStateTaskExecuter.java:52)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.SkipTaskWithNoActionsExecuter.execute(SkipTaskWithNoActionsExecuter.java:52)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.SkipOnlyIfTaskExecuter.execute(SkipOnlyIfTaskExecuter.java:54)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteAtMostOnceTaskExecuter.execute(ExecuteAtMostOnceTaskExecuter.java:43)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.CatchExceptionTaskExecuter.execute(CatchExceptionTaskExecuter.java:34)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskGraphExecuter$EventFiringTaskWorker.run(DefaultTaskGraphExecuter.java:248)
at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:336)
at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:328)
at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:199)
at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.run(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:110)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskGraphExecuter$EventFiringTaskWorker.execute(DefaultTaskGraphExecuter.java:241)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskGraphExecuter$EventFiringTaskWorker.execute(DefaultTaskGraphExecuter.java:230)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker.processTask(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:123)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker.access0(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:79)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker.execute(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:104)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker.execute(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:98)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskExecutionPlan.execute(DefaultTaskExecutionPlan.java:626)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskExecutionPlan.executeWithTask(DefaultTaskExecutionPlan.java:581)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker.run(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:98)
at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ExecutorPolicy$CatchAndRecordFailures.onExecute(ExecutorPolicy.java:63)
at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ManagedExecutorImpl.run(ManagedExecutorImpl.java:46)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ThreadFactoryImpl$ManagedThreadRunnable.run(ThreadFactoryImpl.java:55)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
我在测试自动化方面几乎没有任何经验，所以 Appium 官方文档并没有真正向我解释，如果可以在 SDK 19 上制作客户端 运行，如果是这样的话，如何要做到这一点。你们有人知道怎么做吗？或者我只是有勇无谋，忘记了集成过程中的必要步骤？感谢转发。
如果您想使用 Appium Java 客户端实现自动化，最好将其测试项目与 Android 项目分开，并在 Appium 测试中使用您构建的应用 APK。
如果您想将测试与 Android 项目放在一起，最好使用 Espresso，因为它是 Android SDK 的一部分。