如何从 XML int Python 中获取一些值?

How can I get some value from XML int Python?

我在 xml 中有此站点地图。我怎样才能得到每个 <loc> ?

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<urlset
      xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9"
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9
            http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9/sitemap.xsd">
<!-- created with Free Online Sitemap Generator www.xml-sitemaps.com -->


<url>
  <loc>https://www.nsnam.org/wiki/Main_Page</loc>
  <lastmod>2018-10-24T03:03:05+00:00</lastmod>
  <priority>1.00</priority>
</url>
<url>
  <loc>https://www.nsnam.org/wiki/Current_Development</loc>
  <lastmod>2018-10-24T03:03:05+00:00</lastmod>
  <priority>0.80</priority>
</url>
<url>
  <loc>https://www.nsnam.org/wiki/Developer_FAQ</loc>
  <lastmod>2018-10-24T03:03:05+00:00</lastmod>
  <priority>0.80</priority>
</url>

程序看起来像这样。

import os.path
import xml.etree.ElementTree
import requests
from subprocess import call

def creatingListOfBrokenLinks():
    if (os.path.isfile('sitemap.xml')):
        e = xml.etree.ElementTree.parse('sitemap.xml').getroot()
        file = open("all_broken_links.txt", "w")

        for atype in e.findall('url'):
            r = requests.get(atype.find('loc').text)
            print(atype)
            if (r.status_code == 404):
                file.write(atype)

        file.close()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    creatingListOfBrokenLinks()

建议使用elementtree标准库包:

from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET

SITEMAP = """<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<urlset
      xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9"
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9
            http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9/sitemap.xsd">
    <!-- created with Free Online Sitemap Generator www.xml-sitemaps.com -->
    ...
    ...
</urlset>"""

urlset = ET.fromstring(SITEMAP)
loc_elements = urlset.iter("{http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9}loc")
for loc_element in loc_elements:
    print(loc_element.text)

文档链接:

更新:

  • 您的代码出错的地方是 XML 命名空间处理。
  • 此外,我的示例使用 .iter() 而不是 .findall() / .find() 来直接获取 loc 元素。根据 XML 的结构和用例,这可能可行也可能不可行。

你的代码在我这边工作得很好。您所要做的就是在 urlloc

之前添加:{http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9}

这里:

import os.path
import xml.etree.ElementTree
import requests
from subprocess import call

def creatingListOfBrokenLinks():
    if (os.path.isfile('sitemap.xml')):
        e = xml.etree.ElementTree.parse('sitemap.xml').getroot()
        file = open("all_broken_links.txt", "w")

        for atype in e.findall('{http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9}url'):
            r = requests.get(atype.find('{http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9}loc').text)
            print(atype)
            if (r.status_code == 404):
                file.write(atype)

        file.close()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    creatingListOfBrokenLinks()